2023年上海徐匯區(qū)高二（下）期末英語試卷含答案

第1頁/共23頁上海市徐匯區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期高二年級英語學(xué)科期末模擬試卷Directions:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Whenagroupofpeoplemeetforaconference,ortrainingcourse,thereisalwaysafeelingofuncertaintyanddiscomfort.1peopleknoweachother,theyfeeluncomfortableinthestrangenewsituation,becauseitisdifferent.Gamesandteambuildingactivitiescanrelaxpeople.Teamsuniteandworktogetherwhentheyidentify 2theythinkservesacommonpurpose.Activitiesandgamesbreakdownthebarriers,andthereforehelpdevelopcloserelationships.Everyoneisdifferent.Takingpartinnewgamesandactivitiesoutsideoftheworksituation 3(illustrate)people’sdifferentstrengthsandworkingstylepreferences.Respectdevelopswhenpeopleseeskillsandattributesinothersthattheydidn’tknowexisted. 4(take)partinacompletelynewactivityorgame,peopleareawarethatlearningisongoing.Thelessonsneverfinish,5peopledecidetostoplearning.Introducingpeople,stafforemployeestonewexperiencesopens6(they)mindstonewavenuesofpersonaldevelopment,andemphasizestheopportunityforcontinuouslearningthatisavailabletousall.Teambuildingactivities7juggling,constructionexercises,oroutdoorgames,getthebodymoving, 8isgoodforgeneralhealthandforanenergeticapproachtowork.Peopleconcentrateandwork 9(well)whentheyhavehadsomelightexerciseandphysicalstimulus.Physicalactivityenergizespeopleandreducesstressandtension.Whenyoulooksomeoneintheeyeandthankthemsincerelyitmeansalot.Thekeywordsaretheoneswhichsaythanksandwelldonefordoingagreatjob,especiallywherethewordsrecognizeeachperson’sownspecialability,quality,contribution,effort,whatever.Peoplealwaysappreciate10(value)asanindividualevenmore.Whenyounexthavethechancetothankyourteamoranindividualteam-member,takethetimetofindouta第2頁/共23頁specialthingthateachpersonhasdoneandmakeapointofmentioningthesethings.Doingthis,thepraisetendstocarryevengreatermeaningandmotivationaleffect.Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.comprehensiveB.spreadC.impactD.incredibleE.observedF.comparedGsuccess.H.firmlyI.combinationJ.heavilyK.motivateAnewreportbytheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)revealsthataroundoneinahundreddeathsworldwideisduetopassivesmoking,whichkillsanestimated600,000peopleayear.Inthefirststudytoassesstheglobal11ofsecond-handsmoke,WHOexpertsfindthatchildrenaremore12exposedtosecond-handsmokethananyotherage-group,andaround165,000ofthemayeardiebecauseofit.Children’sexposuretosecond-handsmokeismostlikelytohappenathome,andthedoubleblowofinfectiousdiseasesandtobaccoseemstobeadeadly13forchildrenintheseregions.Commentingonthefindings,HeatherWipfliandJonathanSametfromtheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia,saidpolicymakerstryto 14familiestostopsmokinginthehome.Whiledeathsduetopassivesmokinginchildrenwereskewed(曲解)towardpoorandmiddle-incomecountries,deathsinadultswere15acrosscountriesatallincomelevels.InEurope’shigh-incomecountries,only71childdeathsoccurred,while35,388deathswereinadults.YetinthecountrieslikeAfrica,anestimated43,375deathsduetopassivesmokingwereinchildren16with9,514inadults.Only7.4percentoftheworldpopulationcurrentlylivesinplaceswith17smoke-freelaws,andthoselawsarenotalways18enforced(施行).Inplaceswheresmoke-freerulesare19,researchshowsthatexposuretosecond-handsmokeinhigh-riskplaceslikebarsandrestaurantscanbecutby90percent,andingeneralby60percent,theresearcherssaid.Studiesalsoshowsuchlawshelptoreducethenumberofcigarettessmokedbysmokersandleadtohigher 20ratesinthosetryingtoquit.IIIReadingComprehen第3頁/共23頁Directions:ForeachB,CandD.FillineacThehugethirstforjobsinthecivilservicehasmadethenationalcivilservantexamoneofChina'smostCompetitivetests.Thefirstexamwasheldin1995,andsincethenmoreandmorepeoplehave21forit,withapplicationsreachingpeakoverthelasttwoyears.Thelatestonline22,carriedoutbyChinaYouthDailyand,23thatmorethan73percentofyoungpeoplewanttoworkascivilservants.Ofthe17,330participants,about83percentsaidtheywereattractedbythejob's24,guaranteedhealthcareandpension(撫恤金).25,55percentsaiditcouldbring“practicalprofits.”Nearly1millionpeople26totaketheexamlastyear,yetonlyjustover10,000werefinally 27.Thisyearthestiff(severe)competitioncontinued.Theexactnumberofapplicantsisnotknown,withthefinaldayfor28today.Buttheinfluxofapplicantshasalreadybrokentheexam'swebsiteonce.ChinaYouthDaily29thatthesitewasforcedtocloseformaintenancedueto30hightrafficonthenightofOctober16.Inatypicalyearseveralhundredapplicantswillapplyformanyofthejobslisted.Forexample,thefivejobvacancies 31bythesecretariatoftheCentralCommitteeofthePartyhavethisyear32morethan3,880applicants.Ingeneral,theexammeans50peoplecompetingforonepost,thereportsaid.33ascivilservantsareattractive,notonlybecauseofthestableincomeandgoodhealthcare,butalsobecauseofthelowrisks 34withthepowerand35thepositionsenjoy.Amongthetotal6millionpublicservants,around20,000weredismissedbetween1996and2003.21.A.putupB.signedupC.madeupD.takenup22.A.discussionB.searchC.surveyD.project23.A.foundB.toldC.spokeD.insisted24.A.interestB.conceptC.difficultyD.stability25.A.ButB.OtherwiseC.MeanwhileD.Instead26.A.enteredB.adoptedC.allowedD.applied27.A.employedB.wonC.succeededD.dismissed第4頁/共23頁28.A.examinationB.applicationsC.voteD.decision29.A.declaredB.translatedC.praisedD.reported30.A.generallyB.unusuallyC.commonlyD.naturally31.A.providedB.introducedC.suppliedD.planned32A.grasped.B.pulledC.attractedD.drawn33.A.SpotsB.LocationsC.WorkD.Positions34.A.satisfiedB.complainedC.comparedD.recognized35.A.sourcesB.entertainmentsC.resourcesD.developmentsDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.EachpatheonethatfitsbestaccordingtoAfamousforeigncompanyinChinawantedtoemployasecretaryforitspublicrelationdepartment.Abeautifulgirlwithamasterdegreebecameawinningcandidate（候選人）throughthecompetition.Atitslaststageshefacedanoraltesttogetherwithanothergirlwhowasherequalnotonlyingoodlooksbutalsoineducationstandard,ThegirlwetalkaboutwasconfidentinherselfandsuccessfulintheoraltestItseemedthatshewouldgetthechance.Theexaminertoldheronbehalfof（代表）thecompanythatshecouldcometoofficeofthecompanynextMondayasanewemployee.Atlastheaskedher,“Haveyouanythingelsetosay?”Shockedbytheunexpectedquestion,thebeautifulgirlwasquiteataloss,sayingwithhesitation,“IhavetotalkwithmyparentsbeforeIgiveananswer.”Surprised,theexaminersaidcalmly,“Inthatcase,let’swaittillyouareready.”ThenextdaythegirlcametotellthatherparentsagreedtoherbeginningworknextMonday.Buttheexaminersaidregretfully,“Sorry,thejobpositionisfilledbyanothersuitablecandidate.Youhadbetterhaveatryinanotherplace.”Thebeautifulgirlwassurprised.Sheaskedforanexplanationandwastold,“Whatisneededhereisapersonwhoknowsherownmind.”Thatwashowagoodopportunityslippedawayrightunderthenoseofabeautifulgirl.36.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.theothergirlwhofailedatthelastoraltestwasmostlikelytogetthejob.B.othergirlschoseninnexttestheldthecompany.第5頁/共23頁C.thecompanylostitsbestemployee.D.theexaminerwassurprisedathisfirstchoice.37.Whatdidtheexaminervaluemost?A.One’sbeautifullooks.B.One’sindependence.C.One’syoungage.D.One’sknowledge.38.Whydidthebeautifulgirlwanttoaskherparentsforadvice?A.Sheknewwhattodo.B.Shehadn’texpectedtheexaminerwouldasksuchaquestion.C.Shecouldn’tanswerthequestion.D.Herparentswouldscold（責備）herifsheagreedwithouttheirpermission.39.Thebesttitleofthispassageprobablyis.A.MakeyourDecisionQuicklyB.SeizeyourChanceinTimeC.HaveyourOwnJudgmentD.HesitationLeadstoFailureOutofLondonToursStratford,Oxford,ChristChurchandtheCotswoldswithLunchLengthoftimeAbout10hoursDaysofoperationApril2009toMarch2010—Tuesday,ThursdayandSaturdayThistourstartsat8:45amandfinishesataround6:30pmDescription*OxfordEnjoythemagnificenceofOxford!Well-knownforover900yearsasacentreofacademicexcellence.Followinthefootstepsofitsfamousstudents,fromBillClintontoLewisCarroll.UncovertheuniversitytownofOxfordataleisurelyandrelaxingpace.*ChristChurchLights,camera,action!AtreatforallHarryPotterfans—seewheremanyscenesfromthefilmshavebeenshot!WonderatthemagnificenceofChristChurch,includingtheGreatHallwhichHogwartsHallisbasedupon.第6頁/共23頁*CotswoldsDiscoverthefascinatingCotswolds!Fullofhistoryandheritage(歷史遺留物),theCotswoldsisacharmingcombinationofbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,busymarkettownsandsleepyvillages.LunchintheCotswoldsTreatyourselfinatraditionalEnglishpub(酒吧)andadmirethecharmofthisoldwooltown.ThelunchwillbetakenintheCotswoldsvillageofBurford.*StratfordShakespeare’sbirthplaceAmarkettownwithadifference!VisitShakespeare’sBirthplace,thehalf-woodedhouse,wheretheworld’sgreatestwriterwasborn,togainafascinatinginsightintohischildhood.AnneHathaway’sCottageSatisfyyourselfwithaneye-openingexperienceatthechildhoodhomeofWilliamShakespeare’swife!Wanderaroundthehalf-woodedhouseanditseye-catchingsurroundings.PriceguideAdult:￡74.00Child(3—18):￡64.00Seniorcitizen/Collegestudent:￡69.0040.TheGreensareplanningtobookthetour.TheyareMr.andMrs.Green,GeorgeGreen,whois15yearsold,andGrandpa,whois70yearsofage.Howmuchwilltheypay?A.￡296B.￡286C.￡281D.￡27641.SinceGeorgeisabigfanofmagic,hewillbeveryexcitedwhenvisiting.A.CotswoldsB.OxfordC.StratfordD.ChristChurch42.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtotheleaflet?AYoumayeatintheCotswoldsvillageofBurfordandthenbuyawoolenscarf..B.YoucanbookthistourasaMother’sDaygiftforyourmotherinMay2010.C.ShakespeareandhiswifewereborninthesametowncalledStratford.D.OxfordUniversityhasalonghistoryofmorethan900years.43.WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbeusedtoreplace“l(fā)eisurely”intheleaflet?第7頁/共23頁A.hurriedB.gentleC.easyD.unrushedWhenIsteppedouttheplanefromMiamiintoCharlotte,NorthCarolina,airportforaconnectingflighthome,Iimmediatelyknewsomethingwaswrong.Lotsofdesperatepeoplecrowdedtheterminal.IquicklylearnedthatflightsheadedtotheNortheastwerecalledoffbecauseofastorm.TheearliesttheycouldgetusoutofCharlottewasTuesday.ItwasFriday.Agateagentstoodonthecounterandshouted,“Don’taskusforhelp!Wecannothelpyou!”Ijoinedacrowdthatranfromterminaltoterminalinsearchofaflightout.Eventually,Ifoundsixstrangerswillingtorentavanwithme.WedrovethroughthenighttoWashington,whereItookatraintherestofthewaytoProvidence.Therealproblem,ofcourse,isthatincidentslikethishappeneveryday,toeveryonewhoflies,moreandmoreoften.Itreallygetstome,though,becauseforeightyearsIwasontheotherside,asaflightattendantforTrans-WorldAirlines(TWA).IknowthedaysaregonewhenattendantscouldbewrittenupifwedidnotputthelinesnapkinswiththeTWAlogointhelowerright-handcornerofthefirst-classdiners’trays.AsarethedayswhentherewerethreedinneroptionsonflightsfromBostontoLosAngelesineconomyclass.When,once,stuckonatarmac(機場停機坪)inNewarkforfourhours,aplaneloadofpassengersgotMcDonald’shamburgersandfriesbythoughtfulnessoftheairline.Ihaveexperiencedthedeclineofservicealongwiththerestoftheflyingpublic.ButIbelieveeverythingwillchangelittlebylittle,becauseIrememberthedayswhentoflywastosoar(翱翔).Theairlines,andtheiremployees,tookprideinhowtheirpassengersweretreated.AndIthinkthedaysaresuretocomebackonedayinthenearfuture.44.Manypeoplecrowdedtheterminalbecause.A.theywerereadytoboardontheplanesB.somethingwaswrongwiththeterminalC.theflightstotheNortheastwerecanceledD.thegateagentwouldn’thelpthepassengers45.ThewritergottoProvidenceatlast.A.byairB.byvanC.bytrainD.byunderground第8頁/共23頁46.Whatcanbeimpliedfromthepassage?A.ThewriterlivedinCharlotte,NorthCarolina.B.Thewriterthoughttheservicewasnotasgoodasitusedtobe.C.Thewriterwithotherpassengerswaitedtobepickeduppatiently.D.Passengerswouldfeelproudofhowtheyweretreatedontheplane.Kids’health:FourstepsforfightingstressEverybodygetsstressedtimetotime.47:Somewaysofdealingwithstress—likescreamingorhittingsomeone——don’tsolve(解決)much.Butotherways,liketalkingtosomeoneyoutrust,canleadyoutosolvingyourproblemoratleastfeelingbetter.Trytakingthesefourstepsthenexttimeyouarestressed:(1)Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Talktoatrustedadult,suchasaparentorotherrelatives.48:Theymighthavehadsimilarproblems,suchasdealingwithatest,orthedeathofabelovedpet.(2)Don’ttakeitoutonyourself.Sometimeswhenkidsarestressedandupsettheytakeitoutonthemselves.Oh,dear,that’sgoodidea.Rememberthattherearealwayspeopletohelpyou.Don’ttakeitoutonyourself. 49:____(3)Trytosolvetheproblem.Afteryou’recalmandyouhavesupportfromadultsandfriends,it’stimetogetdowntobusiness.50:Evenifyoucan’tsolveitall,youcansolveapieceofit.(4)Bepositive.Moststressistemporary(暫時的).Rememberstressdoesgoaway,especiallywhenyoufigureouttheproblemandstartworkingonsolvingit.Thesestepsaren’tmagic,buttheydowork.Andifyoucanstaypositiveasyoumakeyourwaythroughatoughtime,you’llhelpyourselffeelbetterevenfaster.Ah,itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone.A.Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthetoughsituation.B.Noticeyourfriends’feelingsandfindawaytohelpthem.CDifferentpeoplefeelstressindifferentways.D.Ah,itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone.E.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddon’tforgetaboutyourfriends.第9頁/共23頁51.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.SalesStrategiesHowcanacompanyimproveitssales?Oneofthekeystomoreeffectivesellingisforacompanytofirstdecideonits“salesstrategy”.Inotherwords,whatistheroleofthesalesperson?Isthesalesperson’sjobnarrative,suggestive,orconsultive?The“narrative”salesstrategydependsonthesalespersonmovingquicklyintoastandardsalespresentation.Hisorherpitchhighlightsthebenefitforthecustomerofaparticularproductorservice.Thisapproachismosteffectiveforcustomerswhosebuyingmotivesarebasicallythesameandisalsowellsuitedtocompanieswhohavealargenumberofprospectsonwhichtocall.The“suggestive”approachistailoredmorefortheindividualcustomer.Thesalespersonmustbeinapositiontoofferalternativerecommendationsthatmeetaparticularcustomer’sneeds.Onekeyaspectofthesuggestiveapproachistheneedforthesalespersontoengagethebuyerinsomesortofdiscussion.Thesalespersoncanthenusetheinformationfromthecustomertosuggestanappropriateproductorservice.Thefinalstrategydemandsthatacompany’ssalesstaffactas“consultants”forthebuyer.Inthisrole,thesalespersonmustacquireagreatdealofinformationaboutthecustomer.Theydothisthroughmarketresearch,surveys,andface-to-facediscussions.Usingthisinformation,thesalespersonmakesadetailedpresentationtailoredspecificallytoaconsumer’sneeds.Moreandmoresalesteamsareswitchingfromanarrativeorasuggestiveapproachtoamoreconsultativestrategy.Asaresult,corporationsarelookingmoreatintangibles(無形資產(chǎn))suchascreativityandanalyticalskillsandlessateducationalbackgroundandtechnicalskills.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第10頁/共23頁Directions:Translatethefollowings52.毫無疑問，練得越多，你的英語口語就越流利。(themore……themore……)（漢譯英）53.應(yīng)該更多的強調(diào)學(xué)生創(chuàng)新能力和獨立學(xué)習(xí)能力的培養(yǎng)。(emphasis)（漢譯英）54.直到蘋果手機的出現(xiàn)，人們才意識到它已經(jīng)給手機領(lǐng)域帶來了巨大的變化。(Notuntil)（漢譯英）55.對我來說，最重要的事情是，具備與他人交流的能力，無論這些人的國籍與文化背景是什么。(regardless)（漢譯英）56.當決定是否建化工廠時，政府應(yīng)該把環(huán)境保護、市民健康等幾個重要因素考慮在內(nèi)。(consideration)（漢譯英）57.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假如你叫李平。你的筆友WuLei聽說你校正在提倡主動性學(xué)習(xí)，特來信詢問有關(guān)情況。請你根據(jù)下表信息，寫一封回信，談一談提倡主動性學(xué)習(xí)前后的變化。提倡主動性學(xué)習(xí)前提倡主動性學(xué)習(xí)后課堂老師一直講解課本，學(xué)生被動聽講、老師提出問題，學(xué)生互相討論或?qū)W生自己提出問題，一起討上做筆記論解決課后需完成沒完沒了的作業(yè)豐富多彩的課外活動，如讀自己感興趣的書籍，去圖書館或者上網(wǎng)查資料參考詞匯：主動性學(xué)習(xí)activelearning第11頁/共23頁上海市徐匯區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期高二年級英語學(xué)科期末模擬試卷【答案】1.Evenif##Eventhough2.what3.illustrates4.Taking5.unless6.their7.like8.which9.better10.beingvalued【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹的是團建活動的好處?！?題詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：即使人們彼此認識，他們在新的陌生環(huán)境中也會感到不舒服，因為這是不一樣的。根據(jù)語境可知，句子表示“即使人們彼此認識，他們在新的陌生環(huán)境中也會感到不舒服，因為這是不一樣的”，空格處意為“即使”，是evenif/eventhough，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，位于句首的單詞首字母大寫，故填Evenif/Eventhough?！?題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：當團隊確定他們認為什么服務(wù)于一個共同的目標時，他們就會團結(jié)起來，一起工作?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)的是賓語從句，從句中缺少主語，此處表示“當團隊確定他們認為什么服務(wù)于一個共同的目標時，他們就會團結(jié)起來，一起工作”，空格處用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，故填what?！?題詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：參加工作之外的新游戲和活動說明了人們不同的優(yōu)勢和工作方式偏好。根據(jù)語境可知，句子時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是動名詞短語Takingpartin，因此空格處用第三人稱單數(shù)，故填illustrates?！?題詳解】考查動名詞。句意：參加一個全新的活動或游戲，人們意識到學(xué)習(xí)是在進行中的。句中謂語是are，空格處用非謂語動詞，people和takepartin之間是主謂關(guān)系，因此空格處用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動，位于句首，首字母大寫，故填Taking。【5題詳解】第12頁/共23頁考查連詞。句意：除非人們決定停止學(xué)習(xí)，否則課程永遠不會結(jié)束。根據(jù)語境可知，句子表示“除非人們決定停止學(xué)習(xí)，否則課程永遠不會結(jié)束”，空格處意為“除非”，是unless，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，故填unless?！?題詳解】考查物主代詞。句意：向人們、員工或雇員介紹新的經(jīng)歷，為他們的個人發(fā)展開辟新的途徑，并強調(diào)我們所有人都可以獲得持續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)的機會。they和minds之間是所屬關(guān)系，因此空格處用形容詞性物主代詞their修飾名詞minds，故填their。【7題詳解】考查介詞。句意：團隊建設(shè)活動，如雜耍、建筑練習(xí)或戶外游戲，使身體運動起來，這對整體健康有益，也有利于精力充沛的工作方式。根據(jù)語境可知，句子表示“團隊建設(shè)活動，如雜耍、建筑練習(xí)或戶外游戲，使身體運動起來，這對整體健康有益，也有利于精力充沛的工作方式”，空格處表示“像，如同”，用介詞like，故填like?！?題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：團隊建設(shè)活動，如雜耍、建筑練習(xí)或戶外游戲，使身體運動起來，這對整體健康有益，也有利于精力充沛的工作方式?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)的是非限制性定語從句，從句中缺少主語，主語指的是前面整個主句的內(nèi)容，因此空格處用which引導(dǎo)定語從句，故填which。【9題詳解】考查比較級。句意：當人們進行一些輕微的運動和身體刺激時，他們的注意力會更集中，工作也會更好。根據(jù)語境可知，句子表示“當人們進行一些輕微的運動和身體刺激時，他們的注意力會更集中，工作也會更好”，因此空格處用比較級better，故填better?！?0題詳解】考查動名詞的被動語態(tài)。句意：人們總是更喜歡作為個體被重視。appreciatedoing意為“喜歡做某事”，人們喜歡作為個體被重視，因此空格處用動名詞的被動語態(tài)beingdone，故填beingvalued?！敬鸢浮?1.C12.J19.E20.G【解析】第13頁/共23頁【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了二手煙的危害以及制定無煙法律的影響。【11題詳解】考查名詞。句意：在第一項評估二手煙全球影響的研究中，世界衛(wèi)生組織專家發(fā)現(xiàn)，兒童遭受二手煙的影響比任何其他年齡群體的人更嚴重，其中每年約有165000人死于二手煙。根據(jù)空前的形容詞global，空處應(yīng)用名詞作賓語。根據(jù)“childrenaremore2exposedtosecond-handsmokethananyotherage-group,andaround165,000ofthemayeardiebecauseofit”可知，這里是說二手煙的影響。impact“影響”符合題意。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查副詞。句意參考上題?？仗帒?yīng)用副詞作狀語修飾動詞exposed。根據(jù)“around165,000ofthemayeardiebecauseofit”，這里是說兒童遭受二手煙的影響嚴重。heavily“嚴重地，大量地”符合題意。故選J?！?3題詳解】考查名詞。句意：兒童接觸二手煙最有可能發(fā)生在家里，傳染病和煙草的雙重打擊似乎是這些地區(qū)兒童的致命組合。根據(jù)空前的a，這里應(yīng)用名詞單數(shù)形式。根據(jù)“thedoubleblowofinfectiousdiseasesandtobacco”，這里是說傳染病和煙草的組合。combination“結(jié)合體，結(jié)合”符合題意。故選I?！?4題詳解】考查動詞。句意：南加州大學(xué)的HeatherWipfli和JonathanSamet在評論這一發(fā)現(xiàn)時表示，政策制定者試圖激勵家庭在家里戒煙。trytodosth.意為“試圖做某事”，所以空處應(yīng)用動詞原形。根據(jù)空后的“tostopsmokinginthehome”，這里是說激勵這些家庭停止在家吸煙。motivate“激勵”符合題意。故選K?！?5題詳解】考查動詞。句意：盡管兒童因被動吸煙而死亡的情況傾向于在貧窮和中等收入國家，但成年人的死亡分布在各個收入水平的國家。根據(jù)空前的were，空處應(yīng)用動詞的過去分詞形式，構(gòu)成一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)空后的“acrosscountriesatallincomelevels”，這里是說成年人的死亡分布在各個收入水平的國家。spread“使分散，使分布”為動詞，其過去式和過去分詞均為spread。故選B。【16題詳解】考查動詞。句意：然而，在非洲等國家，與成年人9514的死亡人數(shù)相比，估計有43375名兒童死于被動吸煙。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞，在句中作狀語。comparedwith意為“與……相比”，符合題意。故選F。【17題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：目前，世界上只有7.4%的人口生活在有全面無煙法律的地方，而這些法律并不總是得第14頁/共23頁到嚴格執(zhí)行。根據(jù)空后的“smoke-freelaws”，空處應(yīng)用形容詞作定語，表示全面無煙的法律。comprehensive“全面的”符合題意。故選A。【18題詳解】考查副詞。句意參考上題?？仗帒?yīng)用副詞作狀語修飾enforced。根據(jù)空前的“arenotalways”，這里是說這些全面無煙的法律并不總是得到嚴格的執(zhí)行。firmly“堅定地”符合題意。故選H?！?9題詳解】考查動詞。句意：研究人員表示，在遵守無煙規(guī)定的地方，研究表明在酒吧和餐館等高風(fēng)險場所二手煙接觸可以減少90%，而一般情況下是減少60%。根據(jù)空前的are，空處應(yīng)用動詞的過去分詞形式，構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“researchshowsthatexposuretosecond-handsmokeinhigh-riskplaceslikebarsandrestaurantscanbecutby90percent”，這里是說在遵守無煙規(guī)定的地方可以有效減少二手煙的接觸，observed“遵守”符合題意。故選E。【20題詳解】考查名詞。句意：研究還表明，這些法律有助于減少吸煙者吸煙的數(shù)量，并提高戒煙者的成功率。根據(jù)空后的rates，這里應(yīng)用名詞，作定語。根據(jù)“helptoreducethenumberofcigarettessmokedbysmokers”和“inthosetryingtoquit”，這里是說這些法律可以減少吸煙，提高戒煙者戒煙的成功率。success“成功”符合題意。故選G。【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.D27.A28.B29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.C35.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如今對公務(wù)員職位的巨大需求使得國家公務(wù)員考試成為中國競爭最激烈的考試之一。調(diào)查顯示，超過73%的年輕人愿意當公務(wù)員。文章說明了人們想當公務(wù)員的原因，以及因為報名公務(wù)員考試人數(shù)眾多而導(dǎo)致網(wǎng)站被迫關(guān)閉的情況?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：第一次公務(wù)員考試是在1995年舉行的，自那以后報名的人越來越多，過去兩年報名人數(shù)達到高峰。A.putup提供；B.signedup報名；C.madeup編造；D.takenup從事。根據(jù)后文withapplicationsreachingpeakoverthelasttwoyears.可知此處指自從1995年以后報名參加公務(wù)員考試人越來越多。故選B?！?2題詳解】第15頁/共23頁考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由中國青年報和騰訊網(wǎng)聯(lián)合開展的最新在線調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，超過73%的年輕人愿意當公務(wù)員。A.discussion討論；B.search搜尋；C.survey調(diào)查；D.project工程。根據(jù)后文carriedoutbyChinaYouthDaily可知此處指由中國青年報和騰訊網(wǎng)聯(lián)合開展的最新在線調(diào)查。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：由中國青年報和騰訊網(wǎng)聯(lián)合開展的最新在線調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，超過73%的年輕人愿意tofyoungpeoplewanttoworkascivilservants.可知后文是調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容——超過73%的年輕人愿意當公務(wù)員。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在17330名參與者中，約83%的人說，他們被工作的穩(wěn)定性、有保障的醫(yī)療保健和撫恤金所吸引。A.interest興趣；B.concept概念；C.difficulty困難；D.stability穩(wěn)定性。根據(jù)后文guaranteedhealthcareandpension.可知此處是在描述公務(wù)員職業(yè)的特性，工作穩(wěn)定、有保障的醫(yī)療保健和撫恤金。最后一段中becauseofthestableincome也有提示。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時，55%的人表示這會帶來“實際利益”。A.But連詞，但是；B.Otherwise否則；C.Meanwhile同時；D.Instead相反。此處承接上文繼續(xù)說明年輕人想當公務(wù)員的原因，除了上文的工作穩(wěn)定、有保障的醫(yī)療保健和養(yǎng)老金，同時（Meanwhile）公務(wù)員會帶來“實際利益”。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：去年，近100萬人報名參加了公務(wù)員考試，但最終只有1萬多人被錄用。A.entered進入；B.adopted采用；C.allowed允許；D.applied應(yīng)用。根據(jù)后文Theexactnumberofapplicantsisnotknown可知此處指近100萬人報名參加了公務(wù)員考試。短語applytodo“申請做……”。故選D?！?7題詳解】雇傭；B.won贏得；C.succeeded成功；D.dismissed解散。根據(jù)上文yetonlyjustover10,000werefinally可知是在說明考試的結(jié)果是最終只有1萬多人被錄用。故選A。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：申請人的確切人數(shù)還不清楚，今天是申請的最后一天。A.examination檢查；B.applications申請；C.vote投票；D.decision決定。根據(jù)第一段中withapplicationsreachingpeakoverthelasttwoyears.可知此處指申請公務(wù)員考試的最后一天。故選B。第16頁/共23頁【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：據(jù)《中國青年報》報道，由于10月16日晚網(wǎng)站流量異常巨大，該網(wǎng)站被迫關(guān)閉進行維護。A.declared宣稱；B.translated翻譯；C.praised稱贊；D.reported報道。根據(jù)后文報道的內(nèi)容thatthesitewasforcedtocloseformaintenance可知，此處指《中國青年報》報道（reported）此事。故選D。【30題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：據(jù)《中國青年報》報道，由于10月16日晚網(wǎng)站流量異常巨大，該網(wǎng)站被迫關(guān)閉進行維護。A.generally通常；B.unusually異常地，特別地；C.commonly一般地；D.naturally自然地。根據(jù)上文thatthesitewasforcedtocloseformaintenance可知由于10月16日晚網(wǎng)站流量異常巨大，該網(wǎng)站被迫關(guān)閉進行維護。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，今年中央書記處提供的5個職位吸引了3880多名求職者。A.provided提供；B.introduced介紹；C.supplied供應(yīng)；D.planned計劃。根據(jù)上文thefivejobvacancies可知是指中央書記處提供（provided）的5個職位。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，今年中央書記處提供的5個職位吸引了3880多名求職者。A.grasped抓住；B.pulled拉；C.attracted吸引；D.drawn畫。根據(jù)后文morethan3,880applicants可知今年中央書記處提供的5個職位吸引了3880多名求職者。最后一段中civilservantsareattractive也有提示。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：公務(wù)員之所以具有吸引力，不僅是因為其收入穩(wěn)定、醫(yī)療保健良好，還因為其所享有的權(quán)力和資源相比，風(fēng)險較低。A.Spots斑點；B.Locations地點；C.Work工作；D.Positions職位。根據(jù)后文thepositionsenjoy可知此處指公務(wù)員這個職位。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：公務(wù)員之所以具有吸引力，不僅是因為其收入穩(wěn)定、醫(yī)療保健良好，還因為其辨認。根據(jù)后文withthepowerand可知是在將公務(wù)員享有的權(quán)利和資源與低風(fēng)險相比較。短語comparewith“與……相比較”。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：公務(wù)員之所以具有吸引力，不僅是因為其收入穩(wěn)定、醫(yī)療保健良好，還因為其所享有的權(quán)力和資源相比，風(fēng)險較低。A.sources來源；B.entertainments娛樂；C.resources資源；D.第17頁/共23頁developments發(fā)展。根據(jù)上文thepowerand可知此處指公務(wù)員享有的權(quán)利和資源（resources其它選項不符合語境。故選C?！敬鸢浮?6.A37.B38.B39.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個女孩在求職過程中因為沒有自主性而痛失機會的故事?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Sorry,thejobpositionisfilledbyanothersuitablecandidate.Youhadbetterhaveatryinanotherplace.”判斷，這個女孩最終沒有被錄取，根據(jù)第二段中Atitslaststageshefacedanoraltesttogetherwithanothergirlwhowasherequalnotonlyingoodlooksbutalsoineducationstandard,可知，有個同等優(yōu)秀的女孩也進入到了最終考核環(huán)節(jié)，故判斷出面試官很有可能選擇了另一個女孩，故選A。【37題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中面試官說的話“Whatisneeded