廣西桂林市2023-2024學年高二下學期期末質量檢測英語試題（含答案）

第第頁廣西桂林市2023-2024學年高二下學期期末質量檢測英語試題一、第二部分，閱讀，第一節，閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀理解DidyouknowyoucanvisittheGreatWallofChina,seefamouspaintingsorcheckinonyourfavouritezooanimalswithoutleavinghome?That'sgoodnewsanytime.Herearesomeofexplore-the-world-from-homeideas.THEGREATWALL,CHINAThisincrediblelandmarkisacollectionofwalls.It'softensaidit'stheonlyhuman-madestructurethatcanbeseenfromtheMoonbutthatclaimwasmademanyyearsbeforeanyonehadbeentotheMoon.Today,theGreatWallisgenerallyrecognizedasoneofthemostimpressivearchitecturalfeatsinhistory.VISITthechinaguide.com/destination/great-wall-of-chinaCINCINNATIZOO,USThisfamouszooisofferingvirtualanimal-watchingtours."We'rebringingthezootopeoplewhoarestuckathome,"saidzoodirectorThaneMaynard."Thegoalwiththedailylivesessionsistoprovidefunandeducationalcontenttopeoplewhoarestayingathome."VISITcincinnatizoo.org/home-safari-resourcesSMITHSONIAN,USTheSmithsonianMuseumandNationalZoohasalargerangeofexhibitsavailabletoviewonline,includingAnimalCams—livestreams（視頻直播）oftheiranimalenclosuressoyoucangetupclosewithlions,pandas,elephantsandmore.VISITsi.edu/kidsMUSEED'ORSAY,FRANCETakesometimetostudythepaintingsofMonet,Cezanne,andGauguinattheMuseeD'Orsay,Paris.VISIT:m.musee-orsay.fr/enMARSAndforatrulyout-of-this-worldexperiencefromthecomfortofyourownhome,takeavirtualtourofMars.ThetourimagesarerecordedbyNASA'sCuriosityrover.VISITaccessmars.withgoogle.com1．HowcanwedescribetheGreatWallaccordingtothesecondparagraph?A．Old. B．Popular.C．Splendid. D．Well-organized.2．WhatdoCINCINNATIZOOandSMITHSONIANhaveincommon?A．Theyrequirevisitorstofillinforms.B．Theyoffervisualfeastsaboutanimals.C．Theyeducatepeopletoprotectanimals.D．Theyprovidelivestreamsoftheiranimals.3．Whichoneissuitableforthosewhoareinterestedinspace?A．THEGREATWALL.B．CINCINNATIZOO.C．SMITHSONIAN.D．MARS.閱讀理解WalterDiemer,whoinventedbubblegum（泡泡糖）,diedatage93.MrDiemerwasanaccountantforFleerChewingGumCo.inPhiladelphiawhenhebegantestingrecipesforagumbase,thepartthatmakesgumchewy,inhissparetimein1928.Hecreatedthefirstbatchofbubblegumbychance,makingitpinkbecausethatwastheonlyshadeoffoodcoloringonhand."Itwasanaccident,"MrDiemersaidina1996interviewwiththeLancasterIntelligencerJournal."Iwasdoingsomethingelseandendedupwithsomethingwithbubbles."Americanshadbeenchewinggumsince1870,whenaNewYorkernamedCharlesAdamsbeganmanufacturingitinaManhattanwarehouse.Bythe1920s,ahandfulof人companiesweremakinggumfromchicle,aformofsapodillatreesap（樹液）thathadbeenchewedinBelize,GuatemalaandMexicoforcenturies.MrDiemer'spinkconcoction（調和物）wasstretchierandlessstickythanearlierrecipes.FleerCo.tookovertherecipeandcalleditDubbleBubble,sellingthegumforapennyapiece.MrDiemerhelpedmarketDubbleBubblebyteachingsalesmentoblowbubblessotheycoulddemonstratetheproduct.DubbleBubblehadnocompetitionuntilafterWorldWarII,whenToppsCo.beganwrappingbubblegumincomicsandcallingitBazooka.MrDiemer,whohadbegunworkingforFleerafterhighschool,neverreceivedroyaltiesforhisinvention,saidhiswife,FlorenceFreemanKohlerDiemer.Hedidreceivehundredsoflettersfromchildrenthankinghimforbubblegum,shesaid.Herarely,chewedgum,buthewouldinvitechildrentohishomeandtellthemabouthisinvention,thenpresideoverbubble-blowingcontests,hiswifesaid."Hewasterrificallyproudofit,"shesaid."Hewouldsaytome,‘I'vedonesomethingwithmylife;I'vemadekidshappyaroundtheworld.'"MrDiemereventuallybecameseniorvicepresidentofFleer,retiringin1970.4．Whatdoesparagraphtwomainlytalkabout?A．Thefunctionofgumbases.B．TheworkingexperienceofDiemer.C．TheprocessofDiemerinventingbubblegum.D．Thedifferencebetweenbubblegumandchewinggum.5．HowdidDiemerhelpmarketbubblegum?A．Byreducingitsproductioncost.B．Byconstantlyimprovingtherecipes.C．Bywrappingitinfascinatingpackaging.D．Bytellingsalespeoplehowtoblowbubbles.6．WhydidchildrenwriteletterstoDiemer?A．BecausetheyhadsomethingtoaskDiemerB．BecausetheywantedtoexpresstheirgratitudeC．BecausetheyhopedtogetpermissiontovisithimD．BecausetheywereimpressedbyDiemer'sgenerosity7．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Tointroducetheinventorofbubblegum.B．ToexplainthereasonsforDiemer'ssuccessC．Todescribethehealthbenefitsofbubblegum.D．Tohighlighttheimportanceofmarketingstrategies.閱讀理解Isiteasyforyoutofeelscared?Doesartmakeyoucry?Doyoufeelotherpeople'sfeelings?Ontheotherhand,doyoutendtobeoverwhelmedbycrowds,brightlightsorstrongperfume?Badnews--ormaybegood.YoucouldbeanHSP,ahighlysensitiveperson.Howcanweunderstandwhat'shappeninginsideanHSP?Thetermwascoinedin1996bypsychologistElaineAronandshearguedthatsensitivebrainsareuniquelytiredtoprocesstheirenvironmentatadeeplevel.Hertheory'smoststrikingclaimisthatphysicalandemotionalsensitivityareoneandthesame.Acomplicatedattentiontobodylanguagestrengthensempathy（共鳴）;responsivenesstosubtlephysicalsignalscreatesrichsensationsinHSPs,butcanalsooverwhelm.Intheworkplace,HSPsareusuallythehighestperformers,yetthefirsttogettiredout.Theycanstruggleinrelationships,astheytendtobepeople-pleasing.Theabilitytoconnectisofhugevalueandhighersensitivityislinkedwithcreativity,brillianceandhigherIQ.Thetraitissharedbypioneersacrossscience,businessandthearts--anyonewhonoticesdetailsothersdon't,makesconnectionstheycan't.Nomatterwhatyoucallit,sensitivityisdefinedastheabilitytosense,process,andresponddeeplytoone'senvironment.Peoplewhoaresensitivenaturallypickupmoreinformationfromtheirenvironment,processitmoredeeply,andareultimatelymoreshapedbyit.Muchofthisdeepprocessinghappensinvoluntarilyandmanysensitivepeoplearen'tevenawarethattheydoit.Abetterwordforsensitivemightberesponsive.Ifyouareahighlysensitiveperson,yourbodyandmindrespondmoretotheworldaroundyou.Yourespondmoretoheartbreak,painandloss,butyoualsorespondmoretobeauty,newideasandjoy.Yougodeepwhereothersonlyskimthesurface.Youkeepthinkingwhenothershavegivenupandmovedontosomethingelse.8．Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．ThedefinitionofsensitivityB．ThefeaturesofanHSPC．ThewaysofdealingwithanHSPD．Thecauseofhighsensitivity.9．WhatdoweknowaboutanHSP?A．AnHSPoftendemonstrateslowworkingefficiency.B．ThetermreferstoapatienttroubledbymentalproblemsC．AnHSPrespondsmoretothenegativethantothepositive.D．Thetermwascreatedbyafemalepsychologistinthe1990s.10．Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardshighsensitivity?A．Objective. B．Doubtful. C．Disapproving. D．Concerned.11．Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A．Amedicaljournal. B．Anewsreport.C．Ascientificmagazine D．Ahealthmagazine.閱讀理解Humpbackwhalesarewellknownfortheirfascinatingculture:Thesemysteriousanimalsmigratethousandsofmileseveryyear,singcharmingsongs,leapfromthewaterinanenormousbreach,andcollaboratewhilehunting--creatingbubblenetsthattraptheirprey.Now,researchershaveshedlightonanotheraspectofwhalebehavior:Playingwithkelp（巨藻）theyfindfloatingintheocean—movingitbetweentheirfins,rollingaroundwithit,and,mostinterestingly,wearingitatoptheirheadslikeahat.Thisbehavior—calledkelping—hasbeendescribedinanewstudyasa"globalphenomenon".There'snodoubtkelpinglooksfun.Butcouldithaveanotherpurpose?OlafMeynecke,researchfellowatGriffithUniversityandco-authorofthestudy,thinksso--especiallyconsideringthatwhalescankeepitupfor30to40minutes.What'sparticularlyintriguingaboutkelpingisthewaythathumpbacksfromdifferentpopulations—inboththeNorthernandSouthernHemispheres—allprefertowearseaweedonthetopoftheirheads,saysMeynecke.TheyplacekelpontheirforeheadinoverhalftherecordedinstancesBaleenspeciesarebelievedtolikehavingtheirheadsscratched--graywhalesareknownforapproachingwhalewatchingboatsforatickleonthenose.Becausewhalesdon'thavehandstoscratchthemselves,likewedo,Meyneckesuggests"theymightseekoutothertactilesensationsthatjustfeelgood".Whalesmightalsobetreatingkelplikeacleansingfacemask,asseaweedhasantimicrobialqualitiesthatcanreducelevelsofbacteria.Rubbingkelpacrosstheirbodiesmayalsoremoveparasites（寄生物）andshedbacterialandviralgrowthstopreventthemgettingcompletelyovergrownwithsealice（虱）andskininfections,saysMeynecke.Thestudyhascaughttheattentionofresearchersglobally,andMeynecke'smailboxhasbeenfloodedwithpeoplewhohavealsoseenkelping."SomeonefromTahitiwaslike,‘Weseeitallthetime,'"hesays.Nowthephenomenonhasbeenhighlightedglobally,whichcouldleadtofurtherresearchintothebehavior,itsbenefits,andevenifotherspeciesdoit.12．Whatcanwelearnabouthumpbackwhales?A．Theymigratealoneeveryyear.B．Theyarenaughtyandgoodatsports.C．Theyhaveanearformusic.D．Theycooperatecloselywhilehunting.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"intriguing"inparagraph3mean?A．Dangerous. B．Fascinating. C．Optimistic. D．Worthwhile.14．WhatfunctiondoesseaweedpossessaccordingtoParagraph4?A．Resistingbacteria.B．Removingdirtfromtheskin.C．Enhancingimmunesystem.D．Preventingthegrowthofparasites.15．Whatmightbetalkedaboutnextinthearticle?A．Explorethebenefitofkelping.B．Analyzetheharmofkelptowhales.C．Researchintootherspecies'behaviorD．Advocatefortheprotectionofmarineanimals二、第二部分，閱讀，第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Withmodernlifesojam-packedwithactivitiesandstimulation,itishardtocompletelyunplugandrelax.16．Soherearesomewaystorelaxyourbrain.GettingsomeexerciseItmightsoundstrangetotalkaboutexerciseasbeingrestful.17．.Ashortwalkatlunchtimecandothejobaswellasmoreintenseorlongerexercises.18．Alotofourtimeisspentwaiting.Insteadofstressingaboutunfinishedtasks,takealookaroundyou.Busesandgrocerystorelinesofferaglimpseintothelivesofothers.Maybethatyoungmomstrugglingwithababycoulduseyourseatonthebus.Hasthatbusinessmanwiththedozenrosesfoundlove?Whatwillthatstudentdofortheworld?Evenifyouneverknowthetruth,steppingoutsideofyourownthoughtscanbringinsightsandfreedoms,alwaysthingsofvalue.NatureWalkingorsittinginnaturalsurroundingsisanopportunityforhealing.19．.Peacefulcolors,freshoxygen,pleasingtextures,andsoothingsoundscreateaperfectspotforquietthinkingorcloudwatching.Changingseasonsmaybringbackfondmemoriesorgivehopefornewideas.Andasimplegardenorevenanindoorplantcaninspirehopeeverytimewelookatit.AnimalsIfyouhaveacatordog,youareprobablyfamiliarwiththepeacefulfeelingswatchinganimalsorpettingtheirfur.Ifyoudon'thaveanyanimalsofyourown,youcanstillinteractwithavarietyofspecieswhenyouvisitorvolunteeratbutterflyhouses,zoos,aquariums,orevenafriend'shouse.20．Theydeservecompanionshipandcarejustasyoudo.A.WatchingpeopleB.ChangingsurroundingsC.However,naturedoesn'talwayshelpD.NaturemakesnodemandsofusyetgivessomuchE.BeingaroundthemalwayscarriesapeacefulmagicF.Butthat'ssomethingourbrainneedstorepairandrestoreitselfG.Butmovingthebodyhelpsclearthemindaswellasrelaxthebody三、第三部分，語言運用，第一節（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Originally,JohnBravowasjustanordinaryhighschoolstudentinGeorgia.Heranaroundtoattend21．indifferentclassroomseveryday.John'sschoolisvery22．.Inordernottobelate,Johnhastorun23．acrossthecampus,rainorshine.Becauseheranthroughthesamepatheveryday,otherstudentsbeganto24．him,andsometimesafewstudentsstandingnexttohimwould25．him.Soonhis26．begantocirculateoncampus:ThatJohnrunningtoclassdaily.Asaresult,moreandmorestudentsbegantocometoseeJohn27．forclass.Thisscenebecameaunique28．inthecampus.SomeonecreatedaTiktokaccountto29．hisrunningtoclasseveryday.SeveralvideosofJohnrunninghavealready30．tensofmillionsoflikes.JohnbecameanInternetcelebrity.Gradually,the31．behindJohn'srunningtoclasswasrevealed.Johnisactuallyaforeignstudent.HisEnglishisnotvery32．butheworkedveryhard.Theclassroomsof6thand7thclasseswerefarapart,33．inordernottobelate,heranawayimmediatelywhenheheardthebell.Afterhearingthis,peoplealsofeltthisscenewasvery34．andfeltthisiswhatacampusshouldlooklike.Everyoneneedsthatpositive35．.ThisisliterallyForrestGump2.0.21．A．meetings B．school C．classes D．college22．A．small B．large C．rich D．poor23．A．quickly B．slowly C．sadly D．eagerly24．A．discover B．ignore C．influence D．recognize25．A．askfor B．lookfor C．leavefor D．cheerfor26．A．name B．voice C．fame D．honor27．A．walking B．rushing C．playing D．flying28．A．change B．error C．view D．chance29．A．record B．emphasize C．prevent D．promote30．A．hidden B．lost C．missed D．received31．A．secret B．story C．topic D．excuse32．A．bad B．special C．good D．common33．A．but B．so C．unless D．though34．A．funny B．normal C．strange D．warm35．A．energy B．result C．sport D．courage四、第三部分，語言運用，第二節，語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Accordingtoonelegend,dumplingsfirstappearedduringtheHanDynasty.36．（rough）1800yearsago,thestorygoes,aphysiciannamedZhangZhongjingreturnedtohishometownduringacoldwinter.Hefoundhisfellowvillagerswithfrostbitten37．（ear）andcreatedanewdishtohelpthemwarmup.Mutton,herbs,andspiceswere38．hechoseastheingredients.Thedoctor39．（wrap）theminpiecesofdoughandfoldedthepiecestoresembletinyears.Thatparticulartaleis40．（possible）toconfirm,butthelonghistoryofdumplingsinChinaisundeniable.Typicallyfilled41．meatorvegetables,thesimplebitesaredistinguishedbytheirpleated（起褶皺的）,wheatdoughwrappers.They'reoftenservedfortheChineseNewYear,thoughnotbecausetheylooklikecrescentmoons（新月）.Eatingthemisbelieved42．（bring）prosperityinthenewyear.Traditionally,ifyouwanttowishsomeonegoodfortuneinChina,youfeedthemdumplingswithacoin43．（hide）inside.Inadditiontobeingoneofthemostdeliciousfoodsevercreated,soupdumplingsrankamong44．mostdangerous.Hotsoupisoneofthe45．（lead）causesofburns.Whenyou'retoonervoustoeatitwhole,tearintothedumplingwhileit'sonyourspoonanddrinkthesouponecautioussipatatime.五、第四部分，寫作（共兩節，滿分40分）46．假定你是李華，是校學生會主席。你校英語才藝比賽將于10月舉行，請你代表學生會寫一則關于英語才藝比賽的通知。內容包括：1.才藝比賽的時間、地點；2.參賽須知。注意：1.詞數80左右；2.可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。3.參考詞匯：英語才藝比賽EnglishTalentShowNotice47．閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Iwas11yearsoldwhenIaskedmymumforpianolessons.Wewereintheeconomicdeclineandshe'drecentlybeenoutofwork.Shesaidapolite"no".Thatdidn'tstopme.Igoogledthephotosofakeyboard,drewthekeysontoapieceofpaperandstuckitonmydesk.Iwouldclicknotes（音符）onanonlinekeyboardand"play"thembackonmypaperone—keepingthesoundtheymadeonthecomputerinmyhead.AfterawhileIcouldhearthenotesinmyheadwhilepressingthekeysonthepaper.Ispentsixmonthsplayingscales（音階）andchordsequences（和弦序列）withouttouchingarealpiano.Oncemymumsawitwasn'tafad（一時的怪念頭）,sheborrowedsomemoneyfromfamilyandfriends,andboughtme10lessons.Istillrememberthefirstone.Iwasstruckbyhoworganicthesoundofthepianowas,asIhadbecomefamiliarwiththeartificialelectronicsound.TheteachertriedtoexplainwheremiddleCwasbutIcouldalreadyplayallthemajorandminorscales.Ipassedmygradeoneaftereightlessonsandgotdistinction.BythetimeIstartedsecondaryschool,wecouldn'taffordlessonsagain,soIreturnedtomypaperkeyboard.Ipassedgradethree,thengradefive,practicingonlyonmypieceofpaper.Forthegradesabovethat,there'sanexpectationthatyouputacertainsensitivityintoyourplaying.TheheadofmusicatmyschoolsaidIcouldpracticeontheschool'spiano.Iwouldwakeupat5:30amtogetthereintimeandplayuntillessonsstarted.I'dskiplunchandthenpracticeafterschooluntilthecaretakerkickedmeout.Athome,I'dhavedinner,dothreehoursofrevision,andthenmentalpracticeuntilIam.注意：1.續寫詞數應為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Oneevening,whenIwasabout13,Icamehome,andmymomsaidshehadasurpriseforme.……Mydadwasverymuchagainstmeplaying,butwhenheheardthatsong,somethinginsidehimchanged.

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．B3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了在家里可以游覽世界各地。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，包含細節理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項，到文中找到相關內容并進行理解。1．考查推理判斷。根據THEGREATWALL,CHINA部分中的"Thisincrediblelandmarkisacollectionofwalls.It'softensaidit'stheonlyhuman-madestructurethatcanbeseenfromtheMoonbutthatclaimwasmademanyyearsbeforeanyonehadbeentotheMoon.Today,theGreatWallisgenerallyrecognizedasoneofthemostimpressivearchitecturalfeatsinhistory."這個令人難以置信的地標是一組墻壁。人們常說，它是唯一能從月球上看到的人造建筑，但這種說法是在有人登上月球之前很多年提出的。今天，長城被公認為歷史上最令人印象深刻的建筑壯舉之一。可知，長城是最令人印象深刻的建筑之一，所以是壯觀的。故選C。2．考查細節理解。根據CINCINNATIZOO,US部分中的"Thisfamouszooisofferingvirtualanimal-watchingtours.‘We'rebringingthezootopeoplewhoarestuckathome,'saidzoodirectorThaneMaynard."這家著名的動物園提供虛擬動物觀賞之旅。動物園園長塞恩·梅納德說:"我們將把動物園帶給那些被困在家里的人；以及SMITHSONIAN,US部分中的"TheSmithsonianMuseumandNationalZoohasalargerangeofexhibitsavailabletoviewonline,includingAnimalCams—livestreams(視頻直播)oftheiranimalenclosuressoyoucangetupclosewithlions,pandas,elephantsandmore."史密森尼博物館和國家動物園有大量的展品可供在線觀看，包括動物攝像機——動物圍欄的直播流，這樣你就可以近距離接觸獅子、熊貓、大象等。可知，這兩個地方都提供關于動物的視覺盛宴。故選B。3．考查細節理解。根據MARS部分中的"Andforatrulyout-of-this-worldexperiencefromthecomfortofyourownhome,takeavirtualtourofMars.ThetourimagesarerecordedbyNASA'sCuriosityrover."如果你想在自己舒適的家中獲得真正的世界外體驗，那就來一次虛擬的火星之旅吧。這些旅行圖像是由美國宇航局的好奇號火星車記錄的。可知，MARS適合對太空感興趣的人。故選D。【答案】4．C5．D6．B7．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了WalterDiemer發明泡泡糖的過程，以及他對此的態度和影響

【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解，推理判斷和段落大意三個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節信息的基礎上，進一步根據上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．考查段落大意。根據第二段中的"MrDiemerwasanaccountantforFleerChewingGumCo.inPhiladelphiawhenhebegantestingrecipesforagumbase,thepartthatmakesgumchewy,inhissparetimein1928.Hecreatedthefirstbatchofbubblegumbychance,makingitpinkbecausethatwastheonlyshadeoffoodcoloringonhand.‘Itwasanaccident,"MrDiemersaidina1996interviewwiththeLancasterIntelligencerJournal.'"MrDiemer是費城Fleer口香糖公司的一名會計，1928年，他利用業余時間開始試驗一種膠基的配方，膠基是使口香糖具有嚼勁的部分。他偶然創造了第一批泡泡糖，把它做成粉紅色，因為這是當時唯一的食用色素。1996年，迪默在接受LancasterIntelligencerJournal采訪時表示:"這是一次意外。"可知，第二段主要是關于Diemer發明泡泡糖的過程。故選C。5．考查細節理解。根據第四段中的"MrDiemerhelpedmarketDubbleBubblebyteachingsalesmentoblowbubblessotheycoulddemonstratetheproduct."Diemer通過教銷售人員吹泡泡來展示產品，從而幫助推廣泡泡糖。可推知，Diemer是通過告訴銷售人員如何吹泡泡來幫助推廣泡泡糖的。故選D。6．考查細節理解。根據最后一段中的"Hedidreceivehundredsoflettersfromchildrenthankinghimforbubblegum,shesaid."他的妻子說，他確實收到了數百封孩子們感謝他發明泡泡糖的信。可推知，孩子們給Diemer寫信是因為他們想表達對他的感激。故選B。7．考查推理判斷。根據第一段"WalterDiemer,whoinventedbubblegum(泡泡糖),diedatage93"發明泡泡糖的沃爾特·迪默去世，享年93歲；以及下文可知，本文講述了WalterDiemer發明泡泡糖的過程，以及他對此的態度和影響。所以短文的目的是介紹泡泡糖的發明者。故選A。【答案】8．B9．D10．A11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了高敏感人群的特點，在高敏感人群的聚光燈下，他們對身體和情感有著敏銳的注意力。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應的內容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查細節理解。根據第一段"Isiteasyforyoutofeelscared?Doesartmakeyoucry?Doyoufeelotherpeople'sfeelings?Ontheotherhand,doyoutendtobeoverwhelmedbycrowds,brightlightsorstrongperfume?Badnews—ormaybegood.YoucouldbeanHSP,ahighlysensitiveperson."你很容易感到害怕嗎?藝術會讓你哭泣嗎?你能感受到別人的感受嗎?另一方面，你是否容易被人群、明亮的燈光或濃烈的香水所淹沒?壞消息——或許是好消息。你可能是HSP，一個高度敏感的人。可知，本段描述了高敏感的人的特征。故選B。9．考查細節理解。根據第二段中的"Howcanweunderstandwhat'shappeninginsideanHSP?Thetermwascoinedin1996bypsychologistElaineAronandshearguedthatsensitivebrainsareuniquelytiredtoprocesstheirenvironmentatadeeplevel."我們如何理解熱休克蛋白內部發生了什么?這個詞是由心理學家伊萊恩·阿倫在1996年創造的，她認為敏感的大腦在深層處理環境時特別疲憊。可知，HSP這一術語是由女心理學家ElaineAron提出的。故選D。10．考查推理判斷。根據第一段中的"Badnews—ormaybegood."壞消息——或許是好消息；以及第二段中的"Acomplicatedattentiontobodylanguagestrengthensempathy(共鳴);responsivenesstosubtlephysicalsignalscreatesrichsensationsinHSPs,butcanalsooverwhelm."對肢體語言的復雜關注增強了同理心；對微妙的身體信號的反應會讓高敏感人群產生豐富的感覺，但也會讓他們不知所措。作者認為高敏感的人既有好處又有壞處。可推知，作者對高敏感的態度是客觀的。故選A。11．考查推理判斷。根據第一段"Isiteasyforyoutofeelscared?Doesartmakeyoucry?Doyoufeelotherpeople'sfeelings?Ontheotherhand,doyoutendtobeoverwhelmedbycrowds,brightlightsorstrongperfume?Badnews—ormaybegood.YoucouldbeanHSP,ahighlysensitiveperson."你很容易感到害怕嗎?藝術會讓你哭泣嗎?你能感受到別人的感受嗎?另一方面，你是否容易被人群、明亮的燈光或濃烈的香水所淹沒?壞消息——或許是好消息。你可能是HSP，一個高度敏感的人；以及全文內容可知，本文介紹了高敏感認識，講述其性格與心理特征，屬于科普類的文章，所以可能來自于科學雜志。故選C。【答案】12．D13．B14．A15．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了座頭鯨的一種特殊行為——與巨藻互動，探討了這一行為的有趣之處及可能存在的生物學意義，如尋求觸覺刺激、利用巨藻的抗菌特性等，并提及了該研究引起廣泛關注的情況，預示著未來可能有更多的相關研究。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，首先要仔細閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查細節理解。根據第一段中的"Humpbackwhalesarewellknownfortheirfascinatingculture:Thesemysteriousanimalsmigratethousandsofmileseveryyear,singcharmingsongs,leapfromthewaterinanenormousbreach,andcollaboratewhilehunting--creatingbubblenetsthattraptheirprey."座頭鯨以其迷人的文化而聞名：這些神秘的動物每年遷徙數千英里，唱著迷人的歌曲，從巨大的缺口中跳出水面，并在捕獵時合作——制造氣泡網來捕獲獵物。可知，座頭鯨在狩獵時會密切合作，比如它們會創造氣泡網來困住獵物。故選D。13．考查詞義猜測。根據第三段中的"thathumpbacksfromdifferentpopulations—inboththeNorthernandSouthernHemispheres—allprefertowearseaweedonthetopoftheirheads"來自北半球和南半球不同種群的座頭鯨都喜歡在頭頂戴海藻。可知，intriguing這個詞用來形容座頭鯨對巨藻玩耍行為的方式，特別是不同種群的座頭鯨都喜歡把巨藻戴在頭頂這一點。根據上下文可推知，劃線詞intriguing的意思是"吸引人的，令人感興趣的"。故選B。14．考查推理判斷。根據第四段"Whalesmightalsobetreatingkelplikeacleansingfacemask,asseaweedhasantimicrobialqualitiesthatcanreducelevelsofbacteria.Rubbingkelpacrosstheirbodiesmayalsoremoveparasites(寄生物)andshedbacterialandviralgrowthstopreventthemgettingcompletelyovergrownwithsealice(虱)andskininfections,saysMeynecke."鯨魚也可能把巨藻當作清潔面膜，因為巨藻具有抗菌特性，可以減少細菌水平。Meynecke說，在他們的身體上摩擦海帶也可以去除寄生蟲，并排出細菌和病毒的生長，以防止他們完全被海虱和皮膚感染所覆蓋。可知，巨藻具有抗菌特性，能夠減少細菌水平，這意味著巨藻具有抵抗細菌的功能。故選A。15．考查推理判斷。根據最后一段"Thestudyhascaughttheattentionofresearchersglobally,andMeynecke'smailboxhasbeenfloodedwithpeoplewhohavealsoseenkelping.‘SomeonefromTahitiwaslike,‘Weseeitallthetime,''hesays.Nowthephenomenonhasbeenhighlightedglobally,whichcouldleadtofurtherresearchintothebehavior,itsbenefits,andevenifotherspeciesdoit."這項研究引起了全球研究人員的注意，Meynecke的郵箱里也擠滿了看到幫助的人。"來自Tahiti的人說，‘我們一直都能看到這種情況，'"他說。現在這種現象已經在全球范圍內得到了強調，這可能會導致對這種行為及其益處的進一步研究，甚至其他物種也會這樣做。可推知，接下來可能會討論探索巨藻的好處。故選A。【答案】16．F；17．G；18．A；19．D；20．E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了幾種放松大腦的方式。

【點評】考查七選五，本文是一篇介紹類閱讀，要求在理解細節信息的基礎上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據空前"Withmodernlifesojam-packedwithactivitiesandstimulation,itishardtocompletelyunplugandrelax."現代生活充斥著各種活動和刺激，很難完全放松；以及空后"Soherearesomewaystorelaxyourbrain."因此，有一些放松大腦的方式。可知，空前提到現代生活有著很多活動和刺激，因此很難放松，空后提出一些能幫助放松大腦的方式，F.Butthat'ssomethingourbrainneedstorepairandrestoreitself"但是，有一些我們大腦需要自我修復和恢復的東西。"承上啟下，符合語境，故選F。17．根據本段小標題"Gettingsomeexercise"鍛煉身體，可知，本段介紹通過鍛煉的方式來放松大腦；以及空前"Itmightsoundstrangetotalkaboutexerciseasbeingrestful."把鍛煉說成一種休息，聽起來可能很奇怪。可知，空前提到把鍛煉說成休息很奇怪，此空應提出鍛煉能放松大腦，G.Butmovingthebodyhelpsclearthemindaswellasrelaxthebody"但是鍛煉有助于理清思路，放松身體。"與空前構成轉折關系，把鍛煉說成休息很奇怪，但是鍛煉有助于理清思路，放松身體，符合語境，故選G。18．根據空后"Alotofourtimeisspentwaiting.Insteadofstressingaboutunfinishedtasks,takealookaroundyou.Busesandgrocerystorelinesofferaglimpseintothelivesofothers."我們很多時間都花在了等待上。與其為未完成的任務感到有壓力，不如看看周圍的人。公交車上和雜貨店的線路讓我們得以一窺他人的生活。可知，本段主要介紹通過觀察周圍的人來放松大腦，A.Watchingpeople"觀察人"能夠概括本段主旨，適合作為小標題，故選A。19．根據本段小標題"Nature"自然，可知，本段介紹通過大自然來放松大腦；以及空前"Walkingorsittinginnaturalsurroundingsisanopportunityforhealing."在自然環境中散步或坐著是一個治愈的機會。可知，空前提到在大自然中散步和坐著是一個治愈的機會，D.Naturemakesnodemandsofusyetgivessomuch"大自然對我們沒有要求，卻給予了我們很多。"項進一步說明大自然給我們帶來的好處，是一個治愈的機會，對我們沒有要求，卻給予了我們很多，符合語境，故選D。20．根據本段小標題"Animals"動物，可知，本段介紹通過動物的參與來放松大腦；以及空前"Ifyouhaveacatordog,youareprobablyfamiliarwiththepeacefulfeelingswatchinganimalsorpettingtheirfur.Ifyoudon'thaveanyanimalsofyourown,youcanstillinteractwithavarietyofspecieswhenyouvisitorvolunteeratbutterflyhouses,zoos,aquariums,orevenafriend'shouse."如果你養了貓或者狗，你可能對觀察動物或者撫摸它們的皮毛的平靜感很熟悉。如果你沒有自己的動物，當你在蝴蝶館、動物園、水族館甚至朋友家里觀察或當志愿者時，你仍然可以與各種動物互動。可知，空前提到了有沒有養貓或狗，都可以與動物互動，此處應講述與動物互動帶來的好處，E.Beingaroundthemalwayscarriesapeacefulmagic"在他們身邊待著總是有一種平靜的魔力。"符合語境。故選E。

【答案】21．C；22．B；23．A；24．D；25．D；26．A；27．B；28．C；29．A；30．D；31．B；32．C；33．B；34．D；35．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了普通高中學生JohnBravo因為每天快速奔跑穿梭于校園中去上課而意外成為校園名人乃至網絡紅人的故事。

【點評】考查完形填空，本題考點涉及動詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞，連詞，固定短語等多個知識點的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節信息的基礎上，進一步根據上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。

21．句意：他每天跑到不同的教室去上課。A.meetings"會議"；B.school"學校"；C.classes"課"；D.college"大學"。根據空前"JohnBravowasjustanordinaryhighschoolstudentinGeorgia.Heranaroundtoattend"可知，John是一名高中生，因此他每天跑著去的是課程。故選C。22．句意：John的學校非常大。A.small"小的"；B.large"大的"；C.rich"富有的"；D.poor"貧窮的"。根據下文"Inordernottobelate,Johnhastorun"可知，為了不遲到，John不得不快速穿過校園，暗示學校面積大。故選B。23．句意：無論晴雨，他都得快速地穿越校園。A.quickly"快速地"；B.slowly"慢慢地"；C.sadly"悲傷地"；D.eagerly"渴望地"。根據空前"John'sschoolisvery2.Inordernottobelate,Johnhastorun"；以及空后"acrossthecampus"可知，為了不遲到，John應該是快速地跑過校園。故選A。24．句意：因為他每天都跑同樣的路線，其他學生開始認出他。A.discove