GRE語文常見試題及答案集錦

GRE語文常見試題及答案集錦考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______SentenceCompletion1.Thehistorian’sargumentthatthemedievalperiodwasnotatimeofstagnationbutratheraperiodof______innovationwassupportedbythediscoveryofpreviouslyoverlookedtechnologicalmanuscripts.A.sporadicB.unprecedentedC.derivativeD.gradualE.superficial2.Althoughthenewpolicywasintendedtostreamlinethebureaucraticprocess,itresultedin______paperwork,causingmoredelaysthanthesystemitreplaced.A.areductionofB.anincreaseinC.alackofD.atotalabsenceofE.asurplusof3.Thecritic’sreviewoftheplaywasnotmerelyasummaryoftheplot;itwasa______analysisthatdeconstructedtheplaywright’suseofsymbolismandhighlightedtheunderlyingthemesofalienation.A.superficialB.cursoryC.laudatoryD.incisiveE.anecdotal4.Theproposaltoraisetheretirementagewasinitiallymetwith______bythepublic,butthegovernment’ssubsequentexplanationoftheeconomicnecessitybehindthechangehelpedto______theirresistance.A.hostility...alleviateB.enthusiasm...provokeC.indifference...quellD.confusion...exacerbateE.support...sustainReadingComprehension5.Passage1Theconceptof"sustainabledevelopment"hasevolvedsignificantlysincethetermwaspopularizedinthelate20thcentury.Originally,thefocuswaslargelyonenvironmentalconservation,ensuringthatresourceextractiondidnotoutpaceregeneration.However,contemporarydefinitionshavebroadenedtoincludesocialequityandeconomicviability,arguingthatenvironmentalhealthcannotbemaintainedwithoutaddressinghumanneeds.Criticsarguethatthisbroadeningdilutestheoriginalintent,turningastrictecologicalmandateintoavaguepoliticalslogan.Proponentscounterthataholisticapproachistheonlywaytosecurelong-termsurvivalforhumancivilization,suggestingthatenvironmental,social,andeconomicfactorsareinextricablylinked.Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theterm"sustainabledevelopment"wasfirstusedinthelate20thcenturytodescribeenvironmentalconservation.B.Contemporarydefinitionsofsustainabledevelopmenthaveexpandedtoincludesocialandeconomicfactors,ashiftthathassparkeddebateregardingitseffectiveness.C.Criticsarguethatthebroadeningofthedefinitiondilutestheoriginalecologicalmandateandrendersitavaguepoliticalslogan.D.Proponentsofsustainabledevelopmentbelievethataddressingsocialandeconomicfactorsistheonlywaytoensurelong-termhumansurvival.E.Environmental,social,andeconomicfactorsareinextricablylinked,makingthebroaddefinitionofsustainabledevelopmentnecessary.6.Thepassagesuggeststhatthecriticsoftheexpandeddefinitionofsustainabledevelopmentprimarilyfearthat:A.theoriginalenvironmentalfocuswillbeabandonedentirely.B.thetermhasbecometoovaguetobeaneffectivemandate.C.socialequitywillnegativelyimpacteconomicviability.D.thegovernmentwillusethetermasapoliticaltoolwithouttakingaction.E.thebroadeningofthedefinitionwillleadtoresourceextractionthatoutpacesregeneration.7.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrueoftherelationshipbetweenthetwodefinitionsmentioned?A.Theoriginaldefinitionisnowconsideredobsoletebymostexperts.B.Thecontemporarydefinitionrejectstheoriginaldefinitionentirely.C.Thecontemporarydefinitionincorporatestheoriginaldefinitionbutaddsnewdimensions.D.Thecontemporarydefinitionisadirectresultofthecritics'objections.E.Theoriginaldefinitionismoreholisticthanthecontemporarydefinition.8.Passage2Thephenomenonof"phantomvibrations"referstothesensationthatone'smobilephoneisvibratingwhenitisactuallynot.Studiessuggestthatthisisnotasensoryillusionbutratherapsychologicalanticipationbasedontheuser'shighdependencyonthedevice.Whenthebrainexpectsastimulus,itcanmisinterpretinternalmusclespasmsorenvironmentalsoundsasthatstimulus.Thisphenomenonhighlightsthedeepintegrationoftechnologyintomodernconsciousness,wherethedeviceisnolongerjustatoolbutanextensionoftheself,triggeringaPavlovianresponsetotheabsenceofcontact.Theprimaryfunctionofthesecondsentenceinthepassage("Studiessuggestthat...")isto:A.provideanalternativeexplanationforthephenomenon.B.refutetheideathatphantomvibrationsareasensoryillusion.C.introducetheconceptofPavlovianresponse.D.explainthepsychologicalmechanismbehindthesensation.E.summarizethefindingsofaspecificstudy.TextCompletion9.Thearchitect’sdesignforthecitylibrarywas______;itincorporatedelementsfromvarioushistoricalstyles,creatinga______thatwasbothvisuallystrikingandintellectuallystimulating.A.eclectic...cohesionB.conventional...uniformityC.revolutionary...uniformityD.derivative...chaosE.simplistic...complexity10.Thecommitteewasdividedontheproposal;whilethemajorityfavoredthebudgetcuts,avocalminorityarguedthatthe______natureofthecutswoulddisproportionatelyaffectthemostvulnerablemembersofthestaff.A.draconianB.generousC.benevolentD.superficialE.ambiguousLogicalReasoning11.Sentence1:Thenewsoftwareupdatecausedasignificantdropinprocessingspeedforuserswitholderhardware.Sentence2:Thedevelopersclaimthattheupdateisoptimizedfornewerprocessorsandwillautomaticallydetectandadjustforolderhardware.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostunderminesthedevelopers'claim?A.Theupdaterequiresaminimumof4GBofRAM,whicholderhardwarelacks.B.Theprocessingspeeddropwasreportedbyusersonsocialmediaplatforms.C.Thedevelopershavereleasedapatchthatrestoresprocessingspeedforaffectedusers.D.Theupdatewasdesignedtoimprovesecurityfeatures,whichareresource-intensive.E.Mostuserswitholderhardwarehavealreadyupgradedtheirdevices.Multiple-ChoiceReadingComprehension12.PassageThedeclineinbeepopulationshasbeenasubjectofintensescientificscrutiny,withmanyresearcherspointingtopesticidesastheprimaryculprit.However,arecentstudysuggeststhattheinteractionbetweenneonicotinoidpesticidesandaspecificfungalpathogenmaybethetruedriverofcolonycollapsedisorder.Thestudyfoundthatexposuretolowlevelsofthepesticideweakenedthebees'immunesystems,makingthemsignificantlymoresusceptibletothepathogen,whichwaspresentinhighconcentrationsinthehives.Thissynergisticeffectimpliesthatcontrollingthepathogenalonemaybeinsufficienttohaltthedecline.Selecttheanswerchoicesthat,iftrue,moststrengthenthestudy’sconclusionthattheinteractionbetweenthepesticideandthefungusistheprimarydriverofcolonycollapsedisorder.Checkallthatapply.A.Hivesthatweretreatedwiththepesticidebutkeptinacontrolledenvironmentfreeofthefungusshowednosignsofcollapse.B.Hivesthatweretreatedwiththefungusbutremainedpesticide-freeshowedsignsofcollapseonlyafterthepesticidewasintroduced.C.Thepathogenisknowntoaffectotherpollinators,suchasbutterflies,withsimilarresults.D.Thelevelsofthepesticidefoundinthehiveswerewithinthelegallimitsforagriculturaluse.E.Beesthatwerenotexposedtothepesticidebutwereexposedtothefungusdidnotshowsignificantdeclinesinpopulation.F.Thestudywasconductedoveraperiodofthreeyears,duringwhichtheuseofneonicotinoidpesticideswasstrictlyregulatedintheregion.試卷答案SentenceCompletion1.B.unprecedented解析：句中存在轉折關系"but"，前后句意相反。前半句提到歷史學家認為中世紀并非停滯，后半句提到通過發現新手稿得到了支持，因此空格處應填入表示“前所未有的”、“空前的”意思的詞，與“stagnation”（停滯）形成對比。A.sporadic（零星的）和D.gradual（漸進的）程度不夠；C.derivative（模仿的）與語境不符；E.superficial（膚淺的）通常修飾態度而非創新本身。2.E.asurplusof解析：句意是“政策本意是精簡官僚程序，結果卻導致了過量的文書工作，造成了比之前系統更多的延誤”。空格處需要一個詞來描述“更多延誤”這一后果，E.surplusof（過多的）最符合語境，與streamline（精簡）形成強烈反差。A.reductionof（減少）與結果相反；B.increasein（增加）雖然語法正確，但surplus更強調“過?！睂е卵诱`；C.lackof和D.absenceof通常指沒有，而非造成延誤。3.D.incisive解析：句中用"notmerely...but..."表示遞進關系。前半句提到“不僅僅是劇情總結”，后半句提到“解構了象征主義和主題”，說明評論具有深刻、犀利的分析性質。D.incisive（敏銳的、深刻的）最符合；A.superficial（膚淺的）和B.cursory（草率的）與后半句的“解構”矛盾；C.laudatory（贊頌的）態度不符；E.anecdotal（軼事性的）側重于講故事，而非分析。4.A.hostility...alleviate解析：這是一個雙重空格題。前半句"initiallymetwith..."表明公眾態度是消極的，后半句"helpedto..."表明政府的解釋起到了積極的作用，緩解了這種消極態度。A.hostility（敵意）與alleviate（緩解）搭配最符合邏輯。B.enthusiasm（熱情）與"initiallymetwith"矛盾；C.indifference（冷漠）通常不需要“緩解”，因為它已經很低了；D.confuse（困惑）與"helpedto"邏輯不通；E.support（支持）與"initiallymetwith"矛盾。ReadingComprehension5.B.Contemporarydefinitionsofsustainabledevelopmenthaveexpandedtoincludesocialandeconomicfactors,ashiftthathassparkeddebateregardingitseffectiveness.解析：文章第一句介紹了定義的演變，第二句說明了擴展的內容（環境、社會、經濟），第三、四句分別引入了批評者和支持者的觀點。B選項涵蓋了定義的演變、擴展的內容以及由此引發的爭議，是文章的主旨。6.B.thetermhasbecometoovaguetobeaneffectivemandate.解析：文章第三句提到Criticsarguethatthisbroadeningdilutestheoriginalintent（批評者認為這種拓寬稀釋了原始意圖）。B選項中的"toovaguetobeaneffectivemandate"與"dilutestheoriginalintent"意思一致，即定義變寬泛了，失去了原本的約束力。7.C.Thecontemporarydefinitionincorporatestheoriginaldefinitionbutaddsnewdimensions.解析：文章第一句提到定義從單純的環境保護演變為包含社會和經濟。這表明當代定義并沒有拋棄傳統，而是在傳統的基礎上增加了新的維度，即“整合并擴展”。A、B、D均表述錯誤或過于絕對。8.D.explainthepsychologicalmechanismbehindthesensation.解析：第二句"Studiessuggestthatthisisnotasensoryillusionbutratherapsychologicalanticipation..."引出了心理學的解釋，隨后的內容詳細描述了大腦如何預期刺激、誤讀肌肉抽搐等。這一段的主要功能就是解釋這一現象背后的心理機制。TextCompletion9.A.eclectic...cohesion解析：第一空由"incorporatedelementsfromvarioushistoricalstyles"（融合了各種歷史風格的元素）定義，這正是