2026年重慶市人教版初中英語下冊第3單元語法填空專項題庫

2026年重慶市人教版初中英語下冊第3單元語法填空專項題庫一、單項選擇題（每題2分，共20分）1.Mr.Smithisinterestedincollectingstamps.Hespendsmostofhisfreetime______stampsfromallovertheworld.A.collectB.collectingC.tocollectD.collected【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意為“史密斯先生對收集郵票很感興趣。他花大部分空閑時間收集來自世界各地的郵票。”根據句意，spendtimedoingsth.為固定搭配，表示“花時間做某事”，故用動詞ing形式，選B。A項為動詞原形，不符合語法；C項tocollect為不定式，不適用于該結構；D項collected為過去分詞，不符合語法。2.Thegirlinredismysister.Sheis______tohelpotherswhenevershehastime.A.happyB.happyforC.happyaboutD.happily【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞用法。句意為“穿紅衣服的女孩是我的妹妹。她樂于在有時間的時候幫助別人。”behappytodosth.為固定搭配，表示“很高興做某事”，故選A。B項happyfor無此搭配；C項happyabout表示“對……感到高興”，不符合語境；D項happily為副詞，不能修飾動詞tohelp。3.Myparentsoftentellmeto______moreexercise,butIdon’tthinkit’snecessary.A.takeB.takesC.takingD.taken【答案】A【解析】考查動詞用法。句意為“我的父母經常告訴我多鍛煉，但我認為沒有必要。”tellsb.todosth.為固定搭配，表示“告訴某人做某事”，故用動詞原形，選A。B項takes第三人稱單數形式錯誤；C項taking為動名詞；D項taken為過去分詞，不符合語法。4.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youshould______moreEnglishmovies.A.watchB.watchesC.watchingD.watched【答案】A【解析】考查動詞用法。句意為“如果你想提高英語水平，你應該多看英語電影。”should后接動詞原形，表示“應該做某事”，故選A。B項watches第三人稱單數形式錯誤；C項watching為動名詞；D項watched為過去分詞，不符合語法。5.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.what【答案】C【解析】考查賓語從句。句意為“老師問學生們是否完成了作業。”asksb.whether/if...為固定搭配，表示“問某人是否……”，故選C。A項if和C項whether均可，但whether更正式；B項that不引導賓語從句；D項what不適用于此處。6.Mybrotherisgoodatplayingthepiano,______heisn’tverygoodatmath.A.butB.andC.orD.so【答案】A【解析】考查連詞用法。句意為“我哥哥擅長彈鋼琴，但他數學不太好。”but表示轉折，連接兩個對比的句子，故選A。B項and表示并列；C項or表示選擇；D項so表示因果。7.It’simportanttokeepahealthylifestyle,______youshouldeatnutritiousfoodandexerciseregularly.A.becauseB.soC.butD.for【答案】A【解析】考查連詞用法。句意為“保持健康的生活方式很重要，因為你應該吃有營養的食物并定期鍛煉。”because表示原因，連接原因狀語從句，故選A。B項so表示結果；C項but表示轉折；D項for通常放在句首，表示原因。8.Thestudentsweresurprised______theteachertoldthemthenews.A.whenB.thatC.whatD.where【答案】A【解析】考查時間狀語從句。句意為“當老師告訴他們消息時，學生們很驚訝。”when引導時間狀語從句，表示“當……的時候”，故選A。B項that不引導時間狀語從句；C項what不適用于此處；D項where引導地點狀語從句。9.Idon’tknow______languageshespeaksathome.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how【答案】B【解析】考查賓語從句。句意為“我不知道她在家說哪種語言。”knowwhatlanguageshespeaksathome為賓語從句，what在從句中作賓語，故選B。A項which通常指物；C項that不引導賓語從句；D項how表示方式。10.Thebookis______interesting,somanystudentswanttoreadit.A.soB.suchC.veryD.too【答案】B【解析】考查such...that...結構。句意為“這本書很有趣，所以很多學生想讀。”such...that...為固定搭配，表示“如此……以至于……”，故選B。A項so后需加形容詞或副詞；C項very不能與that搭配；D項too后需加形容詞或副詞，且通常與too...to...連用。二、填空題（每題2分，共20分）1.Ifyou______(be)lateforthemeeting,pleasecallmeimmediately.【答案】are【解析】考查一般現在時。句意為“如果你開會遲到，請立即給我打電話。”if引導條件狀語從句，從句用一般現在時，主語you為第三人稱單數，故填are。2.Thegirl______(wear)abluedressismybestfriend.【答案】wearing【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意為“穿藍色連衣裙的女孩是我的好朋友。”Thegirl和wear之間為邏輯上的主謂關系，用現在分詞作后置定語，故填wearing。3.Myfatheroftenasksme______(do)myhomeworkafterschool.【答案】todo【解析】考查不定式。句意為“我父親經常讓我放學后做作業。”asksb.todosth.為固定搭配，表示“告訴某人做某事”，故填todo。4.It’simportant______you______(study)hardifyouwanttopasstheexam.【答案】for;tostudy【解析】考查介詞和不定式。句意為“如果你想通過考試，重要的是你要努力學習。”It’simportantforsb.todosth.為固定搭配，故填for和tostudy。5.Thestudentswereexcited______they______(hear)thegoodnews.【答案】when;heard【解析】考查時間狀語從句和一般過去時。句意為“當學生們聽到好消息時，他們很興奮。”when引導時間狀語從句，從句用一般過去時，主語they為復數，故填heard。6.Idon’tknow______(go)tothelibraryorwatchamovietonight.【答案】whethertogo【解析】考查賓語從句和不定式。句意為“我不知道今晚是去圖書館還是看電影。”knowwhethertodosth.ordosth.為固定搭配，故填whethertogo。7.Theteachertoldthestudents______they______(be)honestandfriendly.【答案】tobe【解析】考查不定式。句意為“老師告訴學生們要誠實友好。”tellsb.todosth.為固定搭配，表示“告訴某人做某事”，故填tobe。8.Theboy______(play)basketballisverytall.【答案】playing【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意為“打籃球的那個男孩很高。”Theboy和play之間為邏輯上的主謂關系，用現在分詞作后置定語，故填playing。9.Ifyou______(have)agoodidea,pleaseshareitwithus.【答案】have【解析】考查一般現在時。句意為“如果你有好的想法，請和我們分享。”if引導條件狀語從句，從句用一般現在時，主語you為第三人稱單數，故填have。10.Thewoman______(carry)ababyismymother.【答案】carrying【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意為“那個抱著嬰兒的女人是我的母親。”Thewoman和carry之間為邏輯上的主謂關系，用現在分詞作后置定語，故填carrying。三、判斷題（每題2分，共20分）1.Thestudentswerehappybecausetheyhadpassedtheexam.(×)【解析】錯。because引導原因狀語從句，但句中hadpassedtheexam為過去完成時，表示動作發生在過去，而happy為一般過去時，時態不一致。應改為Thestudentswerehappybecausetheyhadpassedtheexam.2.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillgotothepark.(√)【解析】對。if引導條件狀語從句，主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現在時，符合語法規則。3.Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismysister.(√)【解析】對。who引導定語從句，修飾Thegirl，符合語法規則。4.Myfatheraskedmetodomyhomeworkyesterday.(√)【解析】對。asksb.todosth.為固定搭配，表示“告訴某人做某事”，符合語法規則。5.Theboywhoplaysbasketballisverytall.(√)【解析】對。who引導定語從句，修飾Theboy，符合語法規則。6.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youshouldwatchEnglishmovies.(×)【解析】錯。should后接動詞原形，表示“應該做某事”，應改為youshouldwatchEnglishmovies.7.Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheywerelatefortheclass.(×)【解析】錯。that不引導賓語從句，應改為what或how，或改為Theteachertoldthestudentstheywerelatefortheclass.8.Thegirlinblueismysister.Sheishappytohelpothers.(√)【解析】對。behappytodosth.為固定搭配，表示“很高興做某事”，符合語法規則。9.Thestudentsweresurprisedwhentheteachertoldthemthenews.(√)【解析】對。when引導時間狀語從句，符合語法規則。10.Idon’tknowwhethertogotothelibraryorwatchamovietonight.(√)【解析】對。whethertodosth.ordosth.為固定搭配，表示“是做某事還是做某事”，符合語法規則。四、簡答題（每題2分，共16分）1.Explainthestructureofthesentence"Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister."【參考答案】Thesentence"Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister."consistsofamainclauseandarelativeclause.Themainclauseis"Thegirlismysister,"andtherelativeclauseis"whoiswearingabluedress."Therelativeclausemodifies"Thegirl,"providingadditionalinformationabouther."Who"istherelativepronoun,referringto"Thegirl,"and"iswearingabluedress"isthepredicateoftherelativeclause.Thesentencestructureissubject+verb+subject+relativeclause.【解析】主句為"Thegirlismysister"，定語從句為"whoiswearingabluedress"，修飾主句中的"Thegirl"。who在從句中作主語，iswearingabluedress作謂語。整個句子結構為：主句+定語從句。2.Whatisthedifferencebetween"if"and"whether"?【參考答案】"If"and"whether"bothintroduceconditionalclauses,buttheyhavedifferentuses."If"isusedinconditionalsentences,suchas"Ifitrains,wewillstayhome.""Whether"isusedinindirectquestionsorwhenthereisachoice,suchas"Idon’tknowwhethertogoorstay.""Whether"canbeusedatthebeginningofasentence,but"if"cannot.Forexample,"Whetherwecanfinishtheworkontimeisuncertain."【解析】"If"用于條件狀語從句，表示條件關系；"whether"用于間接疑問句或表示選擇時，可以位于句首，而"if"不能。3.Howdoyouuse"so...that..."and"such...that..."?【參考答案】"So...that..."and"such...that..."arebothusedtoexpressaresult."So...that..."isfollowedbyanadjectiveoradverb,suchas"Heissotallthathecanreachthetopshelf.""Such...that..."isfollowedbyanoun,suchas"Thebookissointerestingthatmanystudentswanttoreadit."【解析】"So...that..."后接形容詞或副詞，表示“如此……以至于……”；"such...that..."后接名詞，表示“如此……以至于……”。4.Whydoweusethepresentcontinuoustensein"Theboywhoisplayingbasketballisverytall"?【參考答案】In"Theboywhoisplayingbasketballisverytall,"thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatishappeningatthemomentofspeaking."Isplaying"indicatesthattheboyiscurrentlyplayingbasketball,andthesentenceprovidesadditionalinformationabouthim.【解析】現在進行時用于描述正在進行的動作，強調動作的實時性。5.Whatisthefunctionof"todo"in"Myfatheroftenasksmetodomyhomework"?【參考答案】In"Myfatheroftenasksmetodomyhomework,""todo"isaninfinitive,usedtoexpresstheactionthatthefatherasksthesontoperform.Thestructure"asksb.todosth."isafixedpattern,meaning"告訴某人做某事."【解析】不定式"todo"在句中作賓語，表示被請求的動作。6.Howdoyouformarelativeclausewith"who"?【參考答案】Arelativeclausewith"who"isformedbyusing"who"astherelativepronounandconnectingittoaverbphrase.Forexample,"Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister."Here,"whoiswearingabluedress"modifies"Thegirl,"providingadditionalinformationabouther.【解析】"Who"引導定語從句，在從句中作主語或賓語，修飾先行詞。7.Whydoweuse"whether"in"Idon’tknowwhethertogotothelibraryorwatchamovie"?【參考答案】In"Idon’tknowwhethertogotothelibraryorwatchamovie,""whether"isusedtointroduceachoicebetweentwooptions."Whethertogotothelibraryorwatchamovie"istheobjectoftheverb"know,"and"whether"allowsthespeakertoexpressthattheyareundecidedbetweenthetwoactions.【解析】"Whether"用于表示選擇或不確定的情況，連接兩個對立的選項。8.Whatisthemeaningof"if"in"IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youshouldwatchEnglishmovies"?【參考答案】In"IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youshouldwatchEnglishmovies,""if"introducesaconditionalclause,indicatingthatwatchingEnglishmoviesisaconditionforimprovingEnglish.Thesentencemeans"Ifthecondition(watchingEnglishmovies)ismet,theresult(improvingEnglish)willfollow."【解析】"If"用于引導條件狀語從句，表示條件關系。五、應用題（每題4分，共24分）1.Completethefollowingsentence:"Theboy______(play)basketballisverytall."【參考答案】playing【解析】Theboy和play之間為邏輯上的主謂關系，用現在分詞作后置定語，故填playing.2.Completethefollowingsentence:"Ifyou______(be)late,pleasec