2025年下半年全國英語等級考試（PETS）四級復習試題庫(湖南婁底)

2025年下半年全國英語等級考試（PETS）四級復習試題庫(湖南婁底)第一部分聽力理解第一節聽力簡短對話本節包含10段簡短對話。每段對話后有一個問題。從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你將有10秒鐘的時間回答有關問題并閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.M:IheardthepubliclibraryinLoudiisundergoingamajorrenovationthisyear.W:Yes,it'spartofthecity'splantopromoteculturaldevelopment.Itwillbeclosedforsixmonths.Q:Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthelibrary?A.Ithasalreadybeenrenovated.B.Itisclosedforashortholiday.C.Itiscurrentlyunderconstruction.2.W:Ican'tdecidewhethertotakethetrainorflytoBeijingfortheconference.M:Well,consideringthetightscheduleandthefrequentdelaysoftrainsrecently,flyingmightbesafer,thoughmoreexpensive.Q:Whydoesthemansuggestflying?A.Itismorecomfortable.B.Itislesstime-consuming.C.Itischeaper.3.M:TheapplicationdeadlineforthePETS-4isnextFriday,right?W:Actually,it'sthisThursday.You'dbetterhurryupifyouwanttosignup.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.Themanhasmissedthedeadline.B.Thedeadlineisearlierthanthemanthought.C.Thedeadlinehasbeenextended.4.W:I'mexhausted.I'vebeenworkingonthefinancialreportfortheentireafternoon.M:Whydon'tyoutakeabreak?Icanmakeyouacupofcoffee.Q:Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A.Helpwiththereport.B.Finishthewoman'swork.C.Makesomecoffeeforthewoman.5.M:Didyouwatchtheweatherforecastforthisweekend?W:Yes,itsaystherewillbeaheavyrainstorminHunanprovince,sothepicnicmightbecancelled.Q:Whatwillprobablyhappenthisweekend?A.Apicnicwillbeheld.B.Itwillrainheavily.C.Theweatherwillbefine.6.W:Iorderedabookonlineaweekago,butitstillhasn'tarrived.M:Youshouldcheckthetrackingnumber.Maybeitgotlostduringtheshippingprocess.Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Waitforanotherweek.B.Checktheshippingstatus.C.Callthepostofficeimmediately.7.M:ProfessorSmith'slectureonartificialintelligencewassocomplexthatIcouldhardlyfollowit.W:MaybeyoushouldborrowhisnotesfromAlice.Sheisalwaysattentiveinclass.Q:WhatdoesthewomanimplyaboutAlice?A.SheisProfessorSmith'sfavoritestudent.B.Sheunderstoodthelecturewell.C.Sheoftenborrowsnotes.8.W:Ihaveaninterviewwithaforeigntradecompanytomorrow.I'mreallynervous.M:Justbeyourselfandemphasizeyourlanguageskills.You'vebeenpreparingformonths.Q:Whatadvicedoesthemangive?A.Topreparemorequestions.B.Tofocusonlanguageproficiency.C.Tobeconfidentandauthentic.9.M:Therentforthisapartmentis2000yuanamonth,whichisabitsteepforme.W:Butitincludeswater,electricity,andinternetaccess,whichsavesyoualotoftrouble.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Therentistoohigh.B.Theapartmentiswell-equipped.C.Theutilitiesareincludedintherent.10.W:I'mthinkingoflearningasecondforeignlanguage.FrenchorSpanish?M:IfyouplantoworkinEurope,Frenchwouldbemoreuseful,butSpanishisspokenbymorepeopleglobally.Q:Whatistheman'sattitude?A.HerecommendsFrench.B.HerecommendsSpanish.C.Hethinksbothareusefuldependingonthegoal.第二節聽力長對話或獨白本節包含3段長對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個問題。從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀各小題。聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第11段材料，回答第11至13題。W:Goodmorning,CityTransportService.HowcanIhelpyou?M:Hello.I'mcallingtoinquireaboutthenewbusroutefromLoudidowntowntothescenicarea.W:Yes,Route108startedoperatinglastweek.M:Couldyoutellmetheschedule?I'mplanningafamilytripthisSunday.W:Certainly.Busesdepartevery30minutesfrom7:00AMto6:00PM.Thetriptakesapproximatelyonehourand15minutes.M:Whataboutthefare?W:It's5yuanperperson.Childrenunder1.2metersrideforfree.M:Thatsoundsreasonable.IsthereastopneartheLouxingSquare?W:Yes,thesecondstopisatLouxingSquare.Youcanwaitthere.M:Thankyouverymuchfortheinformation.W:You'rewelcome.Haveanicetrip.11.Whatisthemandoing?A.Bookingaticket.B.Askingforbusinformation.C.Complainingabouttheservice.12.Howoftendoesthebusrun?A.Every15minutes.B.Every30minutes.C.Everyhour.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefare?A.Itisfreeforchildren.B.Itcosts5yuanforeveryone.C.Childrenunderacertainheightarefree.聽第12段材料，回答第14至16題。M:Sarah,haveyouchosenatopicforyoursociologythesisyet?W:Yes,I'mgoingtowriteabouttheimpactofremoteworkonfamilydynamics.M:That'saninterestingtopic.Whatinspiredyou?W:Well,duringthepandemic,myparentsbothworkedfromhome.Itchangedourdailylifesignificantly.Sometimesitbroughtuscloser,butsometimesitcausedfrictionduetolackofspace.M:So,youhaveapersonalconnectiontoit.Howwillyouconductyourresearch?W:Iplantodistributequestionnairesto100familiesandinterviewabout20couplesindepth.M:Thatsoundscomprehensive.Doyouthinkremoteworkhasapositiveornegativeimpactoverall?W:It'scomplicated.Itoffersflexibilitybutblurstheboundarybetweenworkandlife.Iwanttoexplorethatbalance.M:I'msureitwillbeagreatpaper.Letmeknowifyouneedanyhelpwiththestatistics.14.WhatisSarah'sthesistopic?A.Thehistoryofremotework.B.Theimpactofremoteworkonfamilies.C.Theeconomicbenefitsofworkingfromhome.15.HowwillSarahcollectdata?A.Byanalyzingexistingreports.B.Bydoingquestionnairesandinterviews.C.Byobservingherownfamilyonly.16.WhatisSarah'sattitudetowardsremotework?A.Itispurelypositive.B.Itispurelynegative.C.Ithasbothprosandcons.聽第13段材料，回答第17至20題。W:Today,wehaveaspecialguest,Mr.Chen,alocalenvironmentalexpert.Welcome,Mr.Chen.M:Thankyou.It'sapleasuretobehere.W:Mr.Chen,Loudihasbeenpromotinggreenenergyrecently.Canyoutellusabouttheprogress?M:Certainly.Wehaveseenasignificantincreaseintheuseofsolarpanelsinruralareas.Thegovernmenthassubsidizedtheinstallationcostsforfarmers.W:That'sgreatnews.Whataboutwastemanagement?M:Weareimplementingastrictgarbageclassificationsystem.Currently,80%ofurbancommunitieshaveadoptedthenewsortingrules.W:Arecitizenscooperative?M:Mostare,thoughittakestimetochangeoldhabits.Weareorganizingeducationalcampaignsinschoolsandcommunitiestoraiseawareness.W:Whatisthebiggestchallengeyouface?M:Ithinkindustrialpollutioncontrolremainsthetoughestissue.Weneedtoupgradetechnologyintraditionalfactoriestoreduceemissions.W:Thankyouforsharingtheseinsightswithus.17.WhoisMr.Chen?A.Agovernmentofficial.B.Anenvironmentalexpert.C.Aschoolteacher.18.WhatishappeninginruralareasaccordingtoMr.Chen?A.Newfactoriesarebeingbuilt.B.Solarpanelsarebeingusedmore.C.Wasteclassificationisfullyimplemented.19.WhatisthecurrentsituationofgarbageclassificationinLoudi?A.Ithasbeenadoptedby80%ofurbancommunities.B.Itisrejectedbymostcitizens.C.Itisonlyimplementedinschools.20.WhatdoesMr.Chenconsiderthebiggestchallenge?A.Lackofgovernmentfunding.B.Changingcitizens'habits.C.Controllingindustrialpollution.第二部分英語知識運用第一節單項填空從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。21.Bytheendofnextmonth,theconstructionofthenewbridgeacrosstheLianRiver______.A.willcompleteB.willbecompletedC.willhavecompletedD.willhavebeencompleted22.______isknowntoall,thePETS-4examisachallengingtestforEnglishlearners.A.AsB.ItC.ThatD.What23.Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______untilnextMondayduetotheabsenceofseveralkeymembers.A.beputoffB.putoffC.wouldbeputoffD.wasputoff24.Ididn'thearthephonering.I______asleep.A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen25.______withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.A.WhencomparedB.CompareC.WhilecomparingD.Comparing26.Itwasnotuntilshearrivedatthestation______sherealizedshehadleftherticketathome.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which27.Thereason______heexplainedtousforhisabsencewasnotacceptable.A.whyB.thatC.becauseD.forwhich28.Onlybyworkinghard______improveyourEnglishproficiencysignificantly.A.youcanB.canyouC.youwillD.willyou29.Thebook,______coverisblue,belongstothelibrary.A.whoseB.whichC.thatD.ofwhich30.Heisoneofthestudentswho______willingtovolunteerfortheupcomingsportsmeet.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.was31.______,theexperimentwouldhavesucceeded.A.IfhewascarefulB.HadhebeencarefulC.WerehecarefulD.Unlesshewascareful32.Shemadeademandthattheproblem______atthenextmeeting.A.bediscussedB.discussedC.wouldbediscussedD.isdiscussed33.Iappreciate______withme,butIhavetodeclineyourinvitation.A.youtoinviteB.yourinvitingC.youinviteD.thatyouinvite34.Thenumberoftheemployeesinthiscompany______from500to600inthepastyear.A.hasincreasedB.haveincreasedC.increasedD.increase35.Itishightimethatwe______somethingtostoppollution.A.doB.didC.havedoneD.willdo第二節完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Thedevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)hasbroughtaboutsignificantchangesinvariousfields,fromhealthcaretofinance.However,asAIbecomesmoreintegratedintoourdailylives,italsoraisescomplexethicalquestions.Oneoftheprimaryconcernsistheissueof_36_.AIsystemslearnfromvastamountsofdata,andifthisdatacontainsbiases,theAIwilllikely_37_thosebiases.Forexample,ahiringalgorithmtrainedonhistoricaldatamightfavormenoverwomenforcertaintechnicaljobs,simplybecausepasthiringtrendswere_38_.Anothermajorchallengeisthe"blackbox"problem.ManyadvancedAImodels,especiallydeeplearningnetworks,operateinwaysthatarenotfully_39_eventotheircreators.Thislackoftransparencymakesitdifficultto_40_decisionsmadebyAI.IfanAIdeniesaloanapplication,thebankneedstoknowwhy.Withoutaclearexplanation,itisimpossibletodetermineifthedecisionwasfairorbasedona_41_factor.Furthermore,thereisthefearofjobdisplacement.Automationhasalwaysreplacedsomejobs,butAIthreatenstodosoonamuchlargerscale.WhileAIcancreatenewopportunities,the_42_forworkerswhoseskillsbecomeobsoleteisaseriousissue.Societyneedstoinvestineducationandretrainingprogramstoensurethattheworkforcecan_43_tothenewtechnologicallandscape.Despitethesechallenges,AIholdsimmensepromise.Ithasthepotentialtosolveproblemsthatwerepreviously_44_,suchaspredictingclimatechangepatternsordiscoveringnewdrugs.Thekeyliesindevelopingaregulatoryframeworkthatpromotesinnovationwhile_45_ethicalstandards.Governments,techcompanies,andethicistsmustworktogethertoensurethatAIbenefitshumanityasawhole.36.A.privacyB.biasC.securityD.cost37.A.eliminateB.recognizeC.reproduceD.ignore38.A.balancedB.unbiasedC.discriminatoryD.random39.A.visibleB.understandableC.predictableD.controllable40.A.makeB.trustC.questionD.analyze41.A.relevantB.logicalC.hiddenD.flawed42.A.excitementB.anxietyC.salaryD.future43.A.adaptB.stickC.returnD.object44.A.easyB.importantC.unsolvableD.ignored45.A.loweringB.settingC.ignoringD.upholding第三部分閱讀理解第一節閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。PassageOneTheconceptof"smartcities"hasgainedtractiongloballyasurbanizationaccelerates.Asmartcityusesdigitaltechnology,data,andconnectivitytoimproveoperationalefficiency,shareinformationwiththepublic,andprovideabetterqualityoflifeforcitizens.InHunanProvince,citieslikeLoudiareembracingthistrendtomodernizeurbanmanagement.KeycomponentsofasmartcityincludetheInternetofThings(IoT),whichconnectsdeviceslikesensorsandcamerastocollectdata;BigDataanalytics,whichprocessesthisdatatoidentifypatterns;andcloudcomputing,whichstoresandprovidesaccesstothisinformation.Forinstance,smarttrafficmanagementsystemscanadjusttrafficlighttimingsinreal-timebasedontrafficflow,reducingcongestion.However,thetransitiontoasmartcityisnotwithoutchallenges.Highinitialcostsforinfrastructureupgrades,concernsoverdataprivacyandsecurity,andtheneedfordigitalliteracyamongcitizensaresignificanthurdles.Moreover,thereisariskthatfocusingtoomuchontechnologymightneglectthehumanaspectofurbanliving,suchascommunitycohesion.Tobesuccessful,smartcityinitiativesmustbecitizen-centric.Technologyshouldservethepeople,nottheotherwayaround.Publicparticipationintheplanningprocessiscrucialtoensurethatthesolutionsdevelopedaddressrealneeds.Ultimately,asmartcityisnotjustabouttechnology;itisaboutcreatingasustainable,inclusive,andefficienturbanenvironment.46.Whatisthemainpurposeofasmartcity?A.Toincreasethepopulation.B.Toimprovethequalityoflifethroughtechnology.C.Toreducethecostofliving.D.Topromotetourism.47.Whichtechnologyisusedtocollectdatainasmartcity?A.Blockchain.B.TheInternetofThings(IoT).C.VirtualReality.D.5Gnetworksonly.48.Howdoesasmarttrafficmanagementsystemwork?A.Itshutsdownroadsduringrushhours.B.Itpredictstrafficjamsdaysinadvance.C.Itadjuststrafficlightsbasedonreal-timedata.D.Itrequiresdriverstoreporttheirlocation.49.Whatisoneofthemajorchallengesmentionedinthetext?A.Lackofelectricity.B.Resistancefromthegovernment.C.Dataprivacyandsecurityconcerns.D.Shortageoftechnicalworkers.50.Whatistheauthor'sviewontherelationshipbetweentechnologyandcitizensinasmartcity?A.Technologyismoreimportantthanpeople.B.Citizensshouldbeforcedtoadapttotechnology.C.Initiativesmustfocusonservingthecitizens.D.Technologyshouldreplacehumaninteraction.PassageTwoInrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowingdebateabouttheimpactofsocialmediaonmentalhealth,particularlyamongteenagers.WhilesocialmediaplatformslikeInstagramandTikTokofferopportunitiesforconnectionandself-expression,theyalsopresentsignificantrisks.Studieshaveshownacorrelationbetweenheavysocialmediauseandincreasedratesofanxiety,depression,andpoorsleepquality.Theconstantexposuretocurated,idealizedimagesofothers'livescanleadtofeelingsofinadequacyandlowself-esteem.Teenagersoftenengageinsocialcomparison,measuringtheirownworthagainstthehighlightreelsofinfluencersandpeers.Thisphenomenonisexacerbatedbythe"fearofmissingout"(FOMO),whichdrivescompulsivecheckingofnotifications.Furthermore,cyberbullyingisapervasiveissue.Theanonymityprovidedbytheinternetcanemboldenindividualstoengageinharassmentandhatespeech.Victimsofcyberbullyingoftensufferinsilence,leadingtosevereemotionaldistress.However,itisimportanttonotethatsocialmediaisnotinherentlyevil.Itcanbeapowerfultoolforsupport,allowingmarginalizedgroupstofindcommunityandresources.Thekeyliesinmoderationanddigitalliteracy.Educatingyoungpeopleaboutthealgorithmsbehindtheseplatformsandencouragingthemtocriticallyevaluatethecontenttheyconsumecanmitigatesomeofthenegativeeffects.Parentsalsoplayavitalroleinsettingboundariesandmaintainingopenlinesofcommunication.51.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Socialmediaispurelybeneficialforteenagers.B.Socialmediacausescyberbullyingonly.C.Socialmediahasbothpositiveandnegativeeffectsonmentalhealth.D.Teenagersshouldstopusingsocialmediaimmediately.52.Accordingtothepassage,whatcancausefeelingsofinadequacyinteenagers?A.Lackofinternetaccess.B.Comparingthemselvestoidealizedimagesonline.C.Playingtoomanyvideogames.D.Nothavingenoughfollowers.53.Whatdoes"FOMO"standforinthecontextofthepassage?A.FearofMissingOut.B.FreedomofMovementOnline.C.FutureofModernOperations.D.FatigueofMobileOperation.54.Whyiscyberbullyingconsideredaseriousissue?A.Itisdifficulttotracetheperpetratorsduetoanonymity.B.Itisillegalinallcountries.C.Itonlyaffectsadults.D.Itiseasytosolve.55.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestasasolutiontothenegativeimpactsofsocialmedia?A.Banningallsocialmediaplatforms.B.Completegovernmentcontrol.C.Digitalliteracyandmoderation.D.Ignoringtheproblem.PassageThreeThetraditionalmodelofeducation,oftenreferredtoas"factorymodel"schooling,wherestudentspassivelyreceiveinformationfromteachersandaretestedonstandardizedmetrics,isbeingincreasinglyquestioned.Inthe21stcentury,theskillsrequiredfortheworkforceareshiftingfromrotememorizationtocriticalthinking,creativity,andcollaboration.Project-BasedLearning(PBL)isaninnovativepedagogicalapproachthataddressesthesenewdemands.InPBL,studentslearnbyactivelyengaginginreal-worldandpersonallymeaningfulprojects.Insteadofstudyingabstractconceptsinisolation,studentsworkoncomplexproblemsoveranextendedperiod.Forexample,insteadofjustlearningaboutenvironmentalsciencefromatextbook,studentsmightinvestigatelocalwaterquality,proposesolutions,andpresenttheirfindingstothecitycouncil.ResearchindicatesthatPBLcanleadtodeeperunderstandingandbetterretentionofknowledge.Italsohelpsstudentsdevelop"softskills"suchascommunication,teamwork,andtimemanagement.However,implementingPBLrequiresashiftintheroleoftheteacher.Teachersbecomefacilitatorsorcoachesratherthanmeresourcesofknowledge.Thiscanbechallengingforeducatorsaccustomedtotraditionalmethodsandrequiressignificantprofessionaldevelopment.Moreover,assessingproject-basedlearningismorecomplexthangradingmultiple-choicetests.Teachersneedtoevaluatetheprocessaswellasthefinalproduct,usingrubricsthatassesscreativity,criticalthinking,andcollaboration.Despitethesechallenges,manyeducatorsbelievethatPBLisessentialforpreparingstudentsforarapidlychangingworld.56.Whatisthemaindisadvantageofthetraditional"factorymodel"ofeducation?A.Itfocusestoomuchonscience.B.Itemphasizespassivelearningandstandardizedtesting.C.Itistooexpensive.D.Itdoesnotusetextbooks.57.HowisProject-BasedLearning(PBL)differentfromtraditionallearning?A.Studentsonlylistentolectures.B.Studentsworkonreal-worldprojectsactively.C.Teachersgivealltheanswers.D.Itisshorterandlessintensive.58.WhatexampleofPBLisgiveninthetext?A.Memorizinghistoricaldates.B.Solvingmathproblemsonaworksheet.C.Investigatinglocalwaterqualityandproposingsolutions.D.Readinganovelandwritingasummary.59.Whatistheteacher'sroleinPBL?A.Tobethemainsourceofinformation.B.Tostrictlycontroltheclassroom.C.Toactasafacilitatororcoach.D.Togradestudentsonlyonmultiple-choicetests.60.WhyisassessingPBLconsideredcomplex?A.Becausestudentsneverfinishtheirprojects.B.Becauseitrequiresevaluatingtheprocessandsoftskills,notjusttheproduct.C.Becauseteachersarelazy.D.Becausetherearenocorrectanswers.PassageFourGraphtheoryisafascinatingbranchofmathematicsthatdealswiththestudyofgraphs,whicharemathematicalstructuresusedtomodelpairwiserelationsbetweenobjects.Agraphinthiscontextismadeupofvertices(alsocallednodesorpoints)whichareconnectedbyedges(alsocalledlinksorlines).Graphshaveubiquitousapplicationsinvariousfields.Incomputerscience,theyareusedtorepresentnetworksofcommunication,dataorganization,computationaldevices,theflowofcomputation,etc.Forinstance,socialmediaplatformsusegraphdatastructurestorepresentusers(vertices)andtheirfriendships(edges).TherecommendationsystemsonwebsiteslikeAmazonorNetflixusegraphalgorithmstosuggestproductsormoviesbasedontheconnectionsbetweenuserpreferencesanditemfeatures.Inlogisticsandtransportation,graphsareessentialforfindingtheshortestpathbetweentwolocations.GPSnavigationsystemsusecomplexgraphalgorithmslikeDijkstra'salgorithmtocalculatethemostefficientroutefordrivers.Inbiology,graphsareusedtomodeltherelationshipsbetweenspeciesinfoodwebsortheinteractionsbetweenproteinsinacell.Oneofthemostfamousproblemsingraphtheoryisthe"SevenBridgesofK?nigsberg."TheproblemaskedwhetheritwaspossibletowalkthroughthecityofK?nigsberg,crossingthesevenbridgesexactlyonceandreturningtothestartingpoint.ThemathematicianLeonhardEulerprovedthatitwasimpossible,layingthefoundationsforgraphtheoryandtopology.Understandinggraphtheoryiscrucialforsolvingmanyreal-worldoptimizationproblems.Asourworldbecomesmoreinterconnected,theimportanceofanalyzingandunderstandingthesenetworkswillonlycontinuetogrow.61.Whatarethecomponentsofagraphingraphtheory?A.Numbersandsymbols.B.Verticesandedges.C.Linesandcurves.D.Mapsandcharts.62.Howaresocialmediaplatformsrepresentedusinggraphs?A.Usersareedgesandfriendshipsarevertices.B.Usersareverticesandfriendshipsareedges.C.Postsareverticesandcommentsareedges.D.Groupsareverticesandmembersareedges.63.WhatistheapplicationofgraphtheoryinGPSnavigation?A.Topredicttrafficjams.B.Tofindtheshortestpath.C.Tolocategasstations.D.Totrackthevehicle'sspeed.64.WhatdidLeonhardEulerproveinthe"SevenBridgesofK?nigsberg"problem?A.Itispossibletocrossallbridgesonce.B.Thecitydoesnotexist.C.Itisimpossibletowalkthroughthecityunderthegivenconditions.D.Graphtheoryisuseless.65.Whyisgraphtheoryconsideredimportantforthefuture?A.Becauseitisaneasysubject.B.Becausetheworldisbecomingmoreinterconnected.C.Becauseitisrequiredforalljobs.D.Becauseithelpsinbuildingbridgesonly.第二節補全文章根據短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Theconceptofemotionalintelligence(EQ)referstotheabilitytorecognize,understand,andmanageone'sownemotions,aswellastorecognize,understand,andinfluencetheemotionsofothers.__66__UnlikeIQ,whichmeasurescognitiveabilities,EQfocusesonemotionalandsocialskills.Therearefivekeycomponentsofemotionalintelligence.Thefirstisself-awareness.Thisinvolvesknowingyourownemotions,recognizingtheirimpact,andusingyourgutfeelingstoguidedecisions.__67__Peoplewithhighself-awarenessareconfidentandrealisticabouttheircapabilities.Thesecondcomponentisself-regulation.Thismeanscontrollingyourimpulsesandemotions.Insteadofreactingimmediately,aself-regulatedpersonthinksbeforeacting.__68__Theyaretrustworthyandadaptable.Thethirdcomponentismotivation.__69__Theyaredrivenbyinternalgoalsratherthanexternalrewardslikemoneyorstatus.Theyareoptimisticandcommittedtotheorganization'smission.Thefourthcomponentisempathy.Thisistheabilitytosenseothers'feelingsandperspectives.Empatheticpeopleunderstandtheemotionalmakeupofotherpeopleandtreatthemaccordingtotheiremotionalreactions.__70__Theyareexcellentlisteners.Finally,thefifthcomponentissocialskills.Thisinvolvesmanagingrelationshipsandbuildingnetworks.Peoplewithgoodsocialskillsareeffectiveatleadingchange,persuadingothers,andnegotiating.Theyareteamplayerswhocanresolveconflicts.A.Theyarenoteasilyangeredorfrustrated.B.Itplaysacrucialroleinpersonalandprofessionalsuccess.C.EmotionalintelligenceislessimportantthanIQ.D.Thisincludesunderstandingyourstrengthsandweaknesses.E.Theyareusuallyverycompetitiveandaggressive.F.Peoplewithhighmotivationareresilientandambitious.G.Itistheabilitytounderstandotherswithouttalkingtothem.第四部分寫作第一節應用文寫作假設你是李明，是某大學的學生會主席。學校計劃在下周六組織一次去湖南婁底湄江風景區的春游活動。請寫一封電子郵件給外教Smith老師，邀請他參加。內容應包括：1.介紹活動目的（放松身心，增進了解）；2.活動時間、集合地點；3.活動安排（徒步、野餐等）；4.期待對方回復。注意：詞數100左右。第二節議論文寫作隨著科技的發展，遠程辦公（Telecommuting）變得越來越普遍。有人認為遠程辦公提高了工作效率和生活質量，也有人認為它減少了面對面交流的機會，導致員工歸屬感降低。請根據以上提示，以“TheProsandConsofTelecommuting”為題，寫一篇作文。要求：1.陳述遠程辦公的利弊；2.給出你自己的觀點；3.詞數160-200詞。第五部分答案及詳細解析第一部分聽力理解1.C解析：對話中女士提到圖書館正在進行翻新，作為城市發展計劃的一部分，并且將關閉六個月。因此，圖書館正在建設中。A項說已經翻新，B項說短期假期，均不符合原文。2.B解析：男士建議坐飛機是因為考慮到時間緊迫以及火車經常晚點。雖然飛機更貴，但更節省時間。A項舒適，C項便宜都不是主要原因。3.B解析：女士糾正男士說截止日期是這周四，而不是下周五。這意味著截止日期比男士以為的要早。4.C解析：男士看到女士很累，建議她休息一下，并主動提出給她沖一杯咖啡。5.B解析：女士說天氣預報顯示湖南本周末將有暴雨，因此野餐可能會取消。6.B解析：男士建議女士查一下追蹤號碼，看看是不是在運輸過程中丟了。7.B解析：男士建議女士借Alice的筆記，因為Alice上課總是很專心。這暗示Alice聽懂了講座。8.C解析：男士建議女士“做你自己”，并強調語言技能。核心建議是自信和真實。9.C解析：女士說房租雖然貴，但包括了水、電和網費。10.C解析：男士說如果去歐洲工作，法語更有用；但如果從全球使用人數來看，西班牙語更多。這取決于目標。11.B解析：男士打電話詢問去風景區的新公交路線信息。12.B解析：女士說公交車每30分鐘一班。13.C解析：女士提到1.2米以下的兒童免費。14.B解析：Sarah明確說她的論文題目是遠程辦公對家庭動態的影響。15.B解析：Sarah計劃分發問卷并對20對夫婦進行深度訪談。16.C解析：Sarah認為遠程辦公既提供了靈活性，但也模糊了工作與生活的界限，認為這是一種復雜的平衡。17.B解析：主持人介紹Mr.Chen是一位當地的環境專家。18.B解析：Mr.Chen提到在農村地區太陽能板的使用顯著增加。19.A解析：Mr.Chen指出目前80%的城市社區采用了新的垃圾分類規則。20.C解析：Mr.Chen認為最大的挑戰是工業污染控制，因為傳統工廠需要升級技術。第二部分英語知識運用第一節單項填空21.D解析：考察將來完成時的被動語態。Bytheendofnextmonth是將來完成時的標志，且bridge與complete是被動關系。22.A解析：考察非限制性定語從句。As引導的非限制性定語從句常置于句首，意為“正如……”。23.A解析：考察虛擬語氣。suggest后的賓語從句謂語動詞用should+動詞原形，should可省略。且meeting與putoff是被動關系。24.B解析：考察情態動詞表推測。musthavebeen表示對過去情況的肯定推測，“一定睡著了”。25.A解析：考察非謂語動詞。當從句主語與主句主語不一致時，需要保留從句主語，構成獨立主格結構。Whencomparedwith...是習慣用法。26.B解析：考察強調句型。Itis/was...that/who...。去掉Itis/was和that后句子依然完整。27.B解析：考察定語從句。先行詞是reason，在從句中作explain的賓語，所以用that或which，省略了that/which。注意：若先行詞在從句中作狀語才用why。28.B解析：考察倒裝句。“Only+狀語”位于句首時，主句部分倒裝。29.A解析：考察定語從句。whosecover表示“書的封面”。30.B解析：考察主謂一致?！皁neofthe+復數名詞+定語從句”中，定語從句的謂語動詞用復數。31.B解析：考察虛擬語氣的倒裝。If引導的條件句中含有had,were,should時，可省略if，將had/were/should提前。32.A解析：考察虛擬語氣。demand后接that從句時，從句謂語用should+動詞原形，should可省略。33.B解析：考察非謂語動詞。appreciate后接動名詞作賓語，邏輯主語用形容詞性物主代詞。34.A解析：考察主謂一致。Thenumberof...作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。35.B解析：考察虛擬語氣。Itishightime后接從句時，從句謂謂語用一般過去時。第二節完形填空36.B解析：下文提到如果數據包含偏見，AI也會重復這些偏見。所以主要問題是偏見。37.C解析：reproduce意為“再現，重復”。AI會重復數據中的偏見。38.C解析：discriminatory意為“歧視性的”。過去招聘趨勢是歧視性的，所以算法也學會了歧視。39.B解析：understandable意為“可理解的”。黑盒問題指的是AI的運作方式難以被理解。40.D解析：analyze意為“分析”。由于不透明，很難分析AI做出的決策。41.D解析：flawed意為“有缺陷的”。如果沒有解釋，就無法判斷決策是基于