【答案】《Thinking Patterns and English Writing》(東南大學(xué))章節(jié)期末中國(guó)大學(xué)慕課答案

ThinkingPatternsandOrganizationinWritingTest11.單選題：WhyaretransitionalwordscrucialinEnglishsentences?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Theyreplacecomplexvocabulary.

B、Theyactas"bindingagents"forlogicalcohesion.

C、Theyshortensentencelength.

D、Theyeliminatetheneedforcriticalanalysis.

答案：【Theyactas"bindingagents"forlogicalcohesion.】2.單選題：Intheexample"Ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehind?",whyis"if"necessaryinEnglishbutnotinChinese?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Englishreliesonexplicittransitionsduetoanalyticalthinking.

B、Chineselacksconditionalgrammar.

C、Chineseusesmetaphorsinsteadoflogic.

D、Englishrequireshypotheticalmarkersforpoetry.

答案：【Englishreliesonexplicittransitionsduetoanalyticalthinking.】3.單選題：WhatistheprimarypurposeofcriticalthinkinginEnglishacademicwriting?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Toavoidcitingsources.

B、Tosimplifycomplexmetaphors.

C、Tochallengeexistingideasandpresentnewperspectives.

D、Toprioritizeemotionalappealoverlogic.

答案：【Tochallengeexistingideasandpresentnewperspectives.】4.單選題：Inarebuttal,whatshouldawriterdofirst?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Rejectopposingviewsimmediately.

B、Providestatisticalevidence.

C、Pointoutlogicalfallacies.

D、Acknowledgethecounterargumentrespectfully.

答案：【Acknowledgethecounterargumentrespectfully.】5.單選題：WhatisakeycharacteristicofanalyticalthinkinginEnglishwriting?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Emphasisonemotionalstorytelling.

B、Holisticintegrationofideaswithouttransitions.

C、Step-by-stepargumentationwithclearstructure.

D、Prioritizingambiguityforartisticeffect.

答案：【Step-by-stepargumentationwithclearstructure.】6.單選題：Whichfunctionofmetaphorsisillustratedby"Thisbillisatickingtimebomb"?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Emotionalappeal.

B、Creatingmemorablemessages.

C、Persuadingthroughimagination.

D、Simplifyingcomplexideas.

答案：【Emotionalappeal.】7.多選題：WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheinfluenceofthinkingpatternsonEnglishwritingarecorrect?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Analyticalthinkingemphasizeslogicalstructureandtransitionalphrasestoenhancecoherence.

B、Criticalthinkinginvolvesavoidingcounterargumentstostrengthenone’sownposition.

C、Metaphoricalthinkingusesanalogiestomakeabstractideasmorerelatableandpersuasive.

D、Analyticalthinkingprioritizesemotionalappealoverfactualevidenceinpersuasiveessays.

答案：【Analyticalthinkingemphasizeslogicalstructureandtransitionalphrasestoenhancecoherence.;Metaphoricalthinkingusesanalogiestomakeabstractideasmorerelatableandpersuasive.】8.多選題：WhichTHREEfunctionsdometaphorsserveinEnglishwriting?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Evokingemotionalresponses.

B、Replacinglogicalreasoning.

C、Simplifyingcomplexconcepts.

D、Creatingmemorableimagery.

答案：【Evokingemotionalresponses.;Simplifyingcomplexconcepts.;Creatingmemorableimagery.】9.單選題：InChinesewriting,hypotheticalrelationshipsrequireexplicittransitionalwordslike"if."

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【錯(cuò)誤】10.單選題：MetaphoricalthinkingisuniquetoEnglishandabsentinotherlanguages.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【錯(cuò)誤】Test21.單選題：Ifyouaretoexplainaconceptoratheorybywriting,whichofthefollowingistheappropriateorder?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Mechanism→Application→Significance→Background→Definition

B、Significance→Application→Mechanism→Definition→Background

C、Application→Significance→Background→Mechanism→Definition

D、Background→Definition→Mechanism→Application→Significance

答案：【Background→Definition→Mechanism→Application→Significance】2.單選題：Whichofthefollowingistheappropriateorganizationofanargumentativewriting?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Thesisstatement→rebuttal→riseoftheissue→background→subdivisionsoftheargument→conclusion.

B、Riseoftheissue→thesisstatement→background→rebuttal→subdivisionsoftheargument→conclusion.

C、Background→riseoftheissue→thesisstatement→subdivisionsoftheargument(withsupportingdetails)→rebuttal→conclusion.

D、Thesisstatement→riseoftheissue→background→subdivisionsoftheargument→rebuttal→conclusion.

答案：【Background→riseoftheissue→thesisstatement→subdivisionsoftheargument(withsupportingdetails)→rebuttal→conclusion.】3.單選題：Asarule,anarrativemainlyfollowsa________order.

選項(xiàng)：

A、spatial

B、logical

C、flashback

D、chronological

答案：【chronological】4.單選題：Whichofthefollowingistheproperorderwhenwedescribeaperson?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Occupation,personality,appearance,hobbies

B、Hobbies,personality,occupation,appearance

C、Appearance,occupation,personality,hobbies

D、Personality,appearance,hobbies,occupation

答案：【Appearance,occupation,personality,hobbies】5.單選題：Whichofthefollowingistheproperordertodescribeyourcampus?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Gate,teachingbuildings,library,stadium,playground,dininghalls,anddormitories.

B、Stadium,playground,gate,teachingbuildings,library,dininghalls,anddormitories.

C、Dininghalls,dormitories,stadium,playground,teachingbuildings,library,andgate.

D、Teachingbuildings,dormitories,stadium,dininghalls,gate,playground,andlibrary.

答案：【Gate,teachingbuildings,library,stadium,playground,dininghalls,anddormitories.】6.多選題：Whichofthefollowingarethedifferencesbetweenthesis-ledapproachandargument-ledapproach?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Thesis-ledapproachisobjective,whileargument-ledapproachissubjective.

B、Thewriter’spointofviewispresentedindifferentpositionsoftheessay.

C、Thesis-ledapproachfocusesonreasoning,whileargument-ledapproachfocusesoncomparisonandcontrast.

D、Thethesis-ledstructureisdeductive;theargument-ledstructureisinductive.

答案：【Thewriter’spointofviewispresentedindifferentpositionsoftheessay.;Thethesis-ledstructureisdeductive;theargument-ledstructureisinductive.】7.多選題：Tohaveagoodorganizationinwriting,whichofthefollowingarerecommended?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Planning.

B、Collectingandsortingmaterialsandinformation.

C、Consultingdictionaries.

D、Outlining.

答案：【Planning.;Collectingandsortingmaterialsandinformation.;Outlining.】8.單選題：Forargumentation,“thesis-led”approachand“argument-led”approachmayachievethesamegoal.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【正確】9.單選題：Organizationinwritingreferstoarrangingandorderinginformationinwriting.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【正確】10.單選題：Aslongasallthematerialsarepresented,anarticlecanachieveitsgoal;orderingthematerialsdoesnotmatter.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【錯(cuò)誤】Test31.單選題：Whichofthefollowingistheproperorderfortheintroductoryparagraph?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Narrowingdownandintroducingthetopic→outlinestatement→presentingthesisstatement→providingbackgroundinformation.

B、Providingbackgroundinformation→narrowingdownandintroducingthetopic→presentingthesisstatement→outlinestatement.

C、Outlinestatement→narrowingdownandintroducingthetopic→providingbackgroundinformation→presentingthesisstatement.

D、Presentingthesisstatement→narrowingdownandintroducingthetopic→providingbackgroundinformation→outlinestatement.

答案：【Providingbackgroundinformation→narrowingdownandintroducingthetopic→presentingthesisstatement→outlinestatement.】2.單選題：Whyisthetopicsentenceimportantforabodyparagraphofanessay?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Becauseitisusuallythefirstsentenceoftheparagraph.

B、Becauseitisrelatedtothetopic.

C、Becauseitrestatesthethesisoftheessay.

D、Becauseitshapesandcontrolsthecontentoftheparagraph.

答案：【Becauseitshapesandcontrolsthecontentoftheparagraph.】3.單選題：Whichofthefollowingmightbetheeffectofchangingwordorderinasentence?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Changingwordorderisarhetoricdeviceforcomparison.

B、Changingwordordermakesnodifferenceinconveyingmessage.

C、Changingwordordermayleadtoambiguityorerror.

D、Changingwordorderrandomlymakesmeaningclearer.

答案：【Changingwordordermayleadtoambiguityorerror.】4.單選題：Whenthreeadjectives(Chinese,old,beautiful)areusedtomodifythenoun“vase”,whichofthefollowingistheproperorder?

選項(xiàng)：

A、AbeautifuloldChinesevase.

B、AnoldbeautifulChinesevase.

C、AChineseoldbeautifulvase.

D、AbeautifulChineseoldvase.

答案：【AbeautifuloldChinesevase.】5.多選題：Whichofthefollowingarethefunctionsofthefirstparagraph?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Itprovidesthebackgroundinformation.

B、Itintroducesthetopicoftheessay.

C、Ittellsreadersourcentralideaandhowwewillorganizeourideas.

D、Itestablishesarapportwiththereader.

答案：【Itprovidesthebackgroundinformation.;Itintroducesthetopicoftheessay.;Ittellsreadersourcentralideaandhowwewillorganizeourideas.】6.多選題：Whichofthefollowingareproperordersofthearrangementofsub-theses?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Fromtheleastimportanttothemostimportant.

B、Fromsuperficialunderstandingtoin-depthanalysis.

C、Fromthewell-knowntothenotwell-known.

D、Fromthespecifictothegeneral.

答案：【Fromtheleastimportanttothemostimportant.;Fromsuperficialunderstandingtoin-depthanalysis.;Fromthewell-knowntothenotwell-known.;Fromthespecifictothegeneral.】7.多選題：Whichofthefollowingarethefunctionsoftheconcludingparagraphoftheessay?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Itrestatesthesisstatementwithfreshwording.

B、Itsumsupthemainideasoftheessay.

C、Itintroducesanirrelevanttopicfordiscussion.

D、Itdiscussesthesignificanceofthemainideasoftheessay.

答案：【Itrestatesthesisstatementwithfreshwording.;Itsumsupthemainideasoftheessay.;Itdiscussesthesignificanceofthemainideasoftheessay.】8.單選題：Generally,inanargumentativeessay,onesub-thesisisdealtwithinonebodyparagraph.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【正確】9.單選題：Forabodyparagraph,thereisnoneedtoconsidertheorderofthesentences,aslongastheinformationisadequateforexplanation.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【錯(cuò)誤】10.單選題：Usually,thefirstsentenceoroneofthefirstfewsentencesservesasthetopicsentenceofthebodyparagraphinanargumentativeessay.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【正確】HowtoApplyCriticalThinkingtoReadingTest51.單選題：Readthefollowingargumenttofindoutwhatfallacyofreasoningisbeingcommitted.“Idon'tunderstandwhyeveryoneissoupsetaboutdrugcompaniesdistortingresearchdatainordertomaketheirpain-killerdrugsseemtobelessdangeroustopeople'shealththantheyactuallyare.Takingthosedrugscan'tbethatbad.Afterall,therearestillthousandsofpeopleusingthesedrugsandgettingpainrelieffromthem.”

選項(xiàng)：

A、Fallacyofredherring.

B、Post-hocfallacy.

C、Fallacyoffaultyauthority.

D、Falseanalogy.

答案：【Fallacyofredherring.】2.單選題：Readthefollowingargumenttofindoutwhatfallacyofreasoningisbeingcommitted.“Newton'slawsofphysicshavemanyflawsbecauseNewtonwasanastyperson.”

選項(xiàng)：

A、Fallacyofevadingtheissue.

B、Fallacyofcircularreasoning.

C、Fallacyoffaultyauthority.

D、Fallacyofpersonalattack.

答案：【Fallacyofpersonalattack.】3.單選題：Readthefollowingargumenttofindoutwhatfallacyofreasoningisbeingcommitted.“Weshouldnotallowgirlsfromthatpartofthetowntogetintoourclub.Ionceknewagirlfromthereandshewasathief!”

選項(xiàng)：

A、Fallacyofevadingtheissue.

B、Fallacyofhastygeneralization.

C、Fallacyoffaultyauthority.

D、Fallacyofpersonalattack.

答案：【Fallacyofhastygeneralization.】4.單選題：IrrelevantevidencecanappearinthefollowingformsoffallacyEXCEPT______.

選項(xiàng)：

A、fallacyofevadingtheissue

B、fallacyofhastygeneralization

C、fallacyoffaultyauthority

D、fallacyofpersonalattack

答案：【fallacyofhastygeneralization】5.單選題：Readthefollowingargumenttofindoutwhatfallacyofreasoningisbeingcommitted.“I’mfollowingthisnewdiet,becausemyfavoritemoviestarsaidthatit’ssaferandmoreeffectivethanconventionaldiets.”

選項(xiàng)：

A、Fallacyofredherring.

B、Post-hocfallacy.

C、Fallacyoffaultyauthority.

D、Falseanalogy.

答案：【Fallacyoffaultyauthority.】6.多選題：By“good”and“dependable”,wemeantheevidencepresentedintheargumentshouldhavethefollowingcharacteristics:

選項(xiàng)：

A、relevant

B、efficient

C、reliable

D、sufficient

答案：【relevant;reliable;sufficient】7.多選題：Inwhichofthefollowingcasescaninsufficientevidencehappen?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Theevidenceisnotconnectedtotheclaimanddoesnothelpthereaderunderstandthepointbeingmade.

B、Theevidencepresentedisratherlimitedorinadequatetoprovetheargument.

C、Theinformationordatacannotbetrustedtobeaccurateortruthful.

D、Inargumentswhichprovidevagueorincompleteinformationabouttheirevidence.

答案：【Theevidencepresentedisratherlimitedorinadequatetoprovetheargument.;Inargumentswhichprovidevagueorincompleteinformationabouttheirevidence.】8.單選題：Insufficientevidencereferstoinformationordatathatcannotbetrustedtobeaccurateortruthful.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【錯(cuò)誤】9.單選題：Unreliableevidencesoftenpointtostatistics,becausestatisticsoftencanbebiasedorevenlie,thusnotnecessarilyprovingwhattheyappeartoprove.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【正確】10.單選題：Fallacyofpersonalattackisanillogicalreasoningbecausethetruevalueofaclaimisdependentofthepersonmakingtheclaim

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【錯(cuò)誤】Test41.單選題：Todeterminethestrengthofanargumentfromanalogy,weshouldlookatthefollowingEXCEPT______.

選項(xiàng)：

A、therelevance(positiveornegative)oftheknownsimilaritiestothesimilarityinferredintheconclusion

B、thenumber(positiveornegative)oftheknownsimilaritiestosupportthesimilarityinferredintheconclusion

C、thedegreeofrelevantsimilarity(ordifference)betweenthetwocomparedobjects

D、theamountandvarietyofinstancesthatformthebasisoftheanalogy

答案：【thenumber(positiveornegative)oftheknownsimilaritiestosupportthesimilarityinferredintheconclusion】2.單選題：Readthefollowingargumentandfindoutwhatfallacyofreasoningisbeingcommitted.“Peopleareallowedtodrinkinrestaurants,sotheyshouldbeallowedtosmokeinrestaurantsaswell.”

選項(xiàng)：

A、Post-hocfallacy.

B、Circularreasoning.

C、Falseanalogy.

D、Ad-hocfallacy.

答案：【Falseanalogy.】3.單選題：Readthefollowingargumentandfindoutwhatfallacyofreasoningisbeingcommitted.“Executionsaremoralbecausewemusthaveadeathpenaltytodiscourageviolentcrime.”

選項(xiàng)：

A、Post-hocfallacy.

B、Circularreasoning.

C、Falseanalogy.

D、Ad-hocfallacy.

答案：【Circularreasoning.】4.單選題：Thefollowingpassageisanargumentfromexemplification.Howmanyexamplesarethereprovidedbytheauthortosupporttheclaimoftheadverseeffectsofwatchingtelevisiononpeople?“Watchingtelevisionexertsadverseeffectsonpeople.Formanypeople,watchingTVisawasteoftime,becausemanyTVprogramsprovidesomuchuselessinformation.Besides,longhoursoftelevisionviewingcandamageviewer’seyesight.Moreover,televisionlimitspeople’screativity.AlthoughTVisthemostpopularsourceofentertainment,itleavesnothingtoourimagination.Ourbrainsbecomecaptivesoftheidiotbox,andthusitispreventedfromthinkinganythingbeyondtheshowsonTV.”

選項(xiàng)：

A、Two.

B、Three.

C、Four.

D、Five.

答案：【Three.】5.多選題：Whichofthefollowingwordsorphrasescansignalargumentfromanalogy?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Compareto.

B、Incommon.

C、Bealike.

D、Resemble.

答案：【Compareto.;Incommon.;Bealike.;Resemble.】6.多選題：Whichofthefollowingwordscansignalargumentfromexemplification?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Demonstrate.

B、Invoke.

C、Prove.

D、Explain.

答案：【Demonstrate.;Prove.;Explain.】7.多選題：Whichofthefollowingwordsorphrasescansignalcausalargument?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Trigger.

B、Leadto.

C、Plot.

D、Paraphrase.

答案：【Trigger.;Leadto.】8.單選題：Falseanalogyfallacymeansmakingacomparisonbetweentwosubjectsthathavemoreessentialdissimilaritiesthaninessentialsimilarities.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【正確】9.單選題：Anargumentfromexemplificationcannotbeidentifiediftherearenosignalingwordsorphrases.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【錯(cuò)誤】10.單選題：Inmanycases,therecanbemorethanonecausecombinedtoleadtothehappeningofaneffect.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【正確】HowtoApplyCriticalThinkingtoWritingTest61.單選題：Ifyouarenarratingeventsthatleaduptootherevents,whichofthefollowingpatternissuitable?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Thesingle-cause-many-effectspattern.

B、Themany-causes-single-effectpattern.

C、Thecausalchainpattern.

D、Thesingle-cause-single-effectpattern.

答案：【Thecausalchainpattern.】2.單選題：Whichofthefollowingfallacyhappensinacausalchaininwhichtheprovidedevidenceforeverycertainactionorpropositionisinadequatetoleaduptoanundesirableoutcome?“Thegovernmentshouldnotprohibitdrugs.Otherwisethegovernmentshouldalsobanalcoholorcigarettes.Andthenfattyfoodandjunkfoodwouldhavetoberegulatedtoo.Thenextthingyouknow,thegovernmentwouldforceustobrushourteethanddoexerciseseveryday.”

選項(xiàng)：

A、Fallacyofslipperyslope.

B、Fallacyofhastygeneralization.

C、Fallacyoffaultyauthority.

D、Fallacyofpersonalattack.

答案：【Fallacyofslipperyslope.】3.單選題：Readthefollowingpassagetofindoutinwhatordertheexamplesarebeingpresented.Someofthegreatestscientificdiscoveriesaretheresultofinspirationcausedbychanceoccurrences.Threebriefexamplescandemonstratethispoint.First,Archimedes’noticingtheriseofthewaterlevelashesubmergedhimselfinatubledtotheformulationofthelawofliquiddisplacement,thefoundationofmanyofthelawsofmodernphysics.Second,IssacNewtondiscoveredthelawofgravitybecauseanapplefellonhisheadwhilehewassittingunderanappletree.Third,afterbeingcaughtinastrongcurrentofhotrisingairwhileflyinghisgasballon,GerogeAlexanderWhiteheadthoughtabouttheoccurrenceanddevelopedthefundamentalprinciplesofmeteorology.

選項(xiàng)：

A、Spatialorder.

B、Chronologicalorder.

C、Topicalorder.

D、Orderofimportance.

答案：【Chronologicalorder.】4.單選題：Readthefollowingpassagetofindoutinwhatordertheexamplesarebeingpresented.“Watchingtelevisionexertsadverseeffectsonpeople.Formanypeople,watchingTVisawasteoftime,becausemanyTVprogramsprovidesomuchuselessinformation.Besides,longhoursoftelevisionviewingcandamageviewer’seyesight.Moreover,televisionlimitspeople’screativity.AlthoughTVisthemostpopularsourceofentertainment,itleavesnothingtoourimagination.Ourbrainsbecomecaptivesoftheidiotbox,andthusitispreventedfromthinkinganythingbeyondtheshowsonTV.”

選項(xiàng)：

A、Spatialorder.

B、Chronologicalorder.

C、Topicalorder.

D、Orderofimportance.

答案：【Orderofimportance.】5.多選題：Ifyouareexplainingthecausesoreffectsofaneventorcondition,whichofthefollowingpatternsaresuitable?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Thesingle-cause-many-effectspattern.

B、Themany-causes-single-effectpattern.

C、Thecausalchainpattern.

D、Thesingle-cause-single-effectpattern.

答案：【Thesingle-cause-many-effectspattern.;Themany-causes-single-effectpattern.】6.多選題：Forcitingexamples,whichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtobeginhypotheticalexamples?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Consume.

B、Assume.

C、Suppose.

D、Hypnotize.

答案：【Assume.;Suppose.】7.單選題：Hypotheticalexamplesrefertospecificinformationsuchasquotations,facts,statistics,oraccountsgatheredfromsourcessuchasbooks,newspapers,magazines,interviews.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【錯(cuò)誤】8.單選題：Ifyouaimtofindoutthecausesforacertainevent,youneedtolookbackonthepasttoseewhatcausedittohappen.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【正確】9.單選題：Personalexperiencesandobservationsarealwaysreliablesourcesthatcanbeusedforsupportinganargument.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【錯(cuò)誤】10.單選題：Whendeliveringyourrefutation,youshoulddeliveritarrogantly.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【錯(cuò)誤】Test71.單選題：Readthefollowingargumenttofindoutwhatfallacyofreasoningisbeingcommitted.“IdrankacupofcoffeeonMondaymorningandthenintheafternoonIscored100onthevocabularytest.”

選項(xiàng)：

A、Fallacyofslipperyslope.

B、Fallacyoffaultycausalrelationship.

C、Fallacyofcircularreasoning.

D、Fallacyofevadingtheissue.

答案：【Fallacyoffaultycausalrelationship.】2.單選題：Whichofthefollowingwordorphrasescanbeasynonymof“tosomedegree”?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Inaway.

B、Ontheway.

C、Byallmeans.

D、Insomuch.

答案：【Inaway.】3.單選題：WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutthe“either-or”fallacy?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Theharmofthisfallacyisthatitdamagesreasoningbyoverlyrestrictingourvision.

B、Theeither-orfallacyisamulti-perspectivethinking,whichassertsthatonlytwochoicesexistwhen,infact,severaloptionsarepossible.

C、Itisalsocalledthefallacyoffalsedilemma.

D、Wecanavoidthisfallacybyputtingthequestionintocontext,sothatmultipleoptionsaregeneratedfortheconclusion.

答案：【Theeither-orfallacyisamulti-perspectivethinking,whichassertsthatonlytwochoicesexistwhen,infact,severaloptionsarepossible.】4.單選題：Readthefollowingargumenttofindoutwhatfallacyofreasoningisbeingcommitted.“Wemustsetupastrictdresscode.Otherwise,employeeswilldressinappropriately.”

選項(xiàng)：

A、Fallacyofslipperyslope.

B、Fallacyofhastygeneralization.

C、Fallacyoffalsedilemma.

D、Fallacyofevadingtheissue.

答案：【Fallacyoffalsedilemma.】5.單選題：WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutif-clauses?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Inanif-clause,westateaconditionthatweareassumingtoenableustoreachaparticularconclusion.

B、Thefrequentuseofif-clausesisconsistentwiththeimportantvalueofhumilitythatissoimportantforcriticalthinkers.

C、Generatingif-clausesisespeciallyhelpfulindeterminingreasonableconclusionsforevaluativearguments.

D、If-clausespresentyouwithdichotomousconclusionsthatyoushouldassessbeforemakingupyourmindaboutthecontroversy.

答案：【If-clausespresentyouwithdichotomousconclusionsthatyoushouldassessbeforemakingupyourmindaboutthecontroversy.】6.多選題：Whichofthefollowingsubjectsarecontroversialsubjects?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Privatecarsarethenumberonekilleronroads.

B、Doplantsprovideoxygenthattheworldneedstosustainlife?

C、Ishomeworkbeneficial?

D、Moyanismyfavoritewriter.

答案：【Privatecarsarethenumberonekilleronroads.;Ishomeworkbeneficial?】7.多選題：Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainhedginglanguagetoexpresshesitationoruncertainty?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Incontrasttoourfindings,childhoodleukemiahasbeenpositivelyassociatedwithintakeofprocessedmeatsinacase-controlstudy.

B、Thiscouldexplainsomeoftheinconsistenciesintheliteratureasmostpreviousstudieshavenotspecificallyaddressedadvancedprostatecancer.

C、Weissmannsuggestedthatpolarbearhibernatepresumablytoconservethefatintheirbody.

D、Increasedamountsofgermsandbacteriaoncollegecampusescausehigherratesofillnessincollegestudents.

答案：【Thiscouldexplainsomeoftheinconsistenciesintheliteratureasmostpreviousstudieshavenotspecificallyaddressedadvancedprostatecancer.;Weissmannsuggestedthatpolarbearhibernatepresumablytoconservethefatintheirbody.】8.單選題：Inordertocomeupwithmanyalternativeconclusionsforcontroversialquestions,weneedtouseourpowerofimaginationandknowledgeofthequestion.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【正確】9.單選題：Hedginglanguageisvagueorcautiouslanguagethatweuseforpersonalinterpretationorhypothesis.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【正確】10.單選題：Asinglesetofcausescannotleadtoseveraloutcomes.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【錯(cuò)誤】Theme-RhemeStructureTest91.單選題：Whatistheprimaryroleofdiscoursemarkersinwriting?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Tointroducenewtopics.

B、Toconnectsentencesandindicatelogicalrelationships.

C、Tosummarizethetext.

D、Toexplaincomplexideas.

答案：【Toconnectsentencesandindicatelogicalrelationships.】2.單選題：Whichdiscoursemarkerwouldyouusetointroduceacontrastingidea?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Furthermore.

B、Moreover.

C、However.

D、Consequently.

答案：【However.】3.單選題：Whattypeofdiscoursemarkeris“Therefore"?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Causeandeffect.

B、Comparison.

C、Addition.

D、Contrast.

答案：【Causeandeffect.】4.單選題：Whichofthefollowingisthebestexampleofusingadiscoursemarkerforaddition?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Climatechangeisamajorissue.However,therearesolutions.

B、Theresearchwasthorough.Inaddition,itprovidedkeyinsights.

C、Fossilfuelconsumptionisrising.Asaresult,emissionshaveincreased.

D、Theeconomyisstrong.Likewise,thejobmarketisexpanding.

答案：【Theresearchwasthorough.Inaddition,itprovidedkeyinsights.】5.單選題：Whichdiscoursemarkerwouldbestindicateacause-and-effectrelationship?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Ontheotherhand.

B、Asaresult.

C、Furthermore.

D、Inthesameway.

答案：【Asaresult.】6.多選題：Whichofthefollowingarediscoursemarkersusedforcontrast?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Ontheotherhand.

B、Similarly.

C、Incontrast.

D、However.

答案：【Ontheotherhand.;Incontrast.;However.】7.多選題：Whichdiscoursemarkerscanyouusetoshowadditionalinformation?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Moreover.

B、Consequently.

C、Inaddition.

D、Furthermore.

答案：【Moreover.;Inaddition.;Furthermore.】8.多選題：Whichdiscoursemarkersarecommonlyusedtoshowcauseandeffect?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Therefore.

B、Asaresult.

C、Similarly.

D、Consequently.

答案：【Therefore.;Asaresult.;Consequently.】9.單選題："Similarly"and"Likewise"areexamplesofdiscoursemarkersusedforcontrast.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【錯(cuò)誤】10.單選題：Discoursemarkersareusedtoindicatelogicalrelationshipsbetweenideasinatext.

選項(xiàng)：

A、正確

B、錯(cuò)誤

答案：【正確】Test81.單選題：Whatisthedefinitionofthe“Theme”inTheme-Rhemestructure?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Thestartingpointofthesentence,familiartothereader.

B、Newinformationaddedattheendofthesentence.

C、Themaintopicoftheentireparagraph.

D、Theconclusionoftheessay.

答案：【Thestartingpointofthesentence,familiartothereader.】2.單選題：Whatdoesthe“Rheme”representinTheme-Rhemestructure?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Thebackgroundinformation.

B、Asupportingargument.

C、Theneworadditionalinformationinthesentence.

D、Thefirstwordinthesentence.

答案：【Theneworadditionalinformationinthesentence.】3.單選題：Whichofthefollowingisa“constantthemepattern”?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Thebookwasold.Thebookhadyellowedpages.Thebooksmelledmusty.

B、Thesurveyhighlightseconomicchanges.Thesechangesresultedinunemployment.

C、Theresearchrevealedthreeissues:poorinfrastructure,lackoffunding,socialinstability.

D、Theeconomyisgrowing.Themarketisfluctuating.

答案：【Thebookwasold.Thebookhadyellowedpages.Thebooksmelledmusty.】4.單選題：Whichpatternwouldbestdescribethissentenceflow？"Theresearchuncoveredseveralissues.Oneissuewaslackoffunding.Anotherissuewaspoorinfrastructure."

選項(xiàng)：

A、Linearthemepattern.

B、Splitrhemepattern.

C、Constantthemepattern.

D、Noneoftheabove.

答案：【Splitrhemepattern.】5.單選題：WhyisTheme-Rhemestructureimportantinacademicwriting?

選項(xiàng)：

A、Itimprovessentencelength.

B、Ithelpstoorganizeinformationlogicallyandclearly.

C、Itintroducescomplexideasrandomly.

D、Itaddsartisticvalueto