高一英語暑假預習：完形填空（人教）學生版

完形填空（初高考點差異及銜接）

慳［課程要求

題型特點

L通常一篇250詞左右，夾敘夾議的文章中設空15或20個，首句不挖空；

2.考點層次可分為四類：單詞層次，詞組層次，句子層次與語篇層次，突出語篇的理解，

突出文化背景：

3.干擾項設計嚴密，一般說來，四個選項的詞性相同或屬于同等或對等范疇，干擾項填入

后在語法上并不存在錯誤，有很大的迷惑作用。

高中完形填空常見失分

1.多數同學考試時擔心時間緊，在沒有弄清短文的中心和文章的情節線索的情況下匆忙答

題.事實上我們用在這一題上的時間可以達到15-18分鐘。

切記：一定要用2-3分鐘時間進行缺詞閱讀，弄清文章大意和基本脈絡后再著手逐個填空。

2.不注意積累答題技巧：

a.忽略文章中上下文之間的照應關系；

b.遇到長句不注意分析句子結構，在語義模糊時抱碰運氣的心理隨選擇。

口△基礎知識

重視首句，把握文章背景

速讀全文留意文中的時間、地點、人物、事件起因及結果等線索

掌握主旨注意找出關鍵詞、中心詞，畫出某些代

表人物和主要情節的詞，形成思路

「上下求索尋信息

醫本原則左顧右■盼找聯系

L前呼后應扣主題

哈前顧后,

重視首句信息

先易后難

尋找暗示信息

思維切入點--弄清邏輯關系

利用詞匯復現

巧用背景知識

注意語法詞匯

_主旨是否明確

格起是否準確

復讀全文，-邏輯是否通順

驗證答案背景知識是否清楚

詞語篩選是否合理

技法11利用上下文暗示解題

在多數空白前后的上卜文中，會出現或多或少的設空依據，就是所謂的“伏筆”或“暗示

學生在閱讀過程中會根據這些伏筆或暗示，或順勢對下文進行推測，或逆向對上文進行推導，

心中往往能預判出答案，并且在閱讀過程中對預判答案不斷進行修正。

典例II'manambitious40，andwhenIstartedgoingthroughchemo（化療）,eventhough

I'mavery41.positiveperson,Ilostmydrivetowrite.

40.A.readerB.writer

C.editorD.doctor

[典例2]Speakingbeforegroupsdidhelphimgainthe50.confidenceheneeded.Bythe

timeDalewasasenior,hehadwoneverytophonorin5[.

51.A.horse-ridingB.football

C.speechD.Farming

技法2|利用語義邏輯關系解題

文章的段與段、句與句之間通常具有一定的語義關系，如：并列關系，轉折關系，遞進

關系，因果關系，目的關系，解科關系等。完形填空經常會考查學生對文章中的這些語義關

系的把握。因此,理清文章的語義關系是解題的關鍵。

[典例1]Oneday,whilewaitingtogoinfor43.treatment,IhadoneofDr.Bernic'sbooksinmy

hand.Anotherpatient44.noticedwhatIwasreadingandstruckupaconversationwithme

45hehadoneofhisbookswithhimaswell.

45.A.whileB.because

C.AlthoughD.Providing

[典例2]Heunfortunately52.passedawaylastyearduetohiscancer,53heleftadeep

impressiononmeandgavemethe54.insniraticntopickipmypenagain.

53.A.sinceB.but

C.soD.for

技法3|利用詞語習慣搭配解題

完形填空經常在文章中考杳詞語的習慣搭配，主要考查助詞與名詞、代詞之間，動詞、名詞、

形容詞與介詞之間的搭配，熟悉并掌握固定搭配是解題的重要手段。

I.典例1]I55tomyself,“Ifhecandoit,thensocanI.”

55.A.promiscdB.swore

C.thoughtD.replied

[典例2]Hetried42-（hefootballteam,butthecoachturnedhimdownforbeingtoo43,light.

42.A.onB.for

C.inD.with

技法4|利用詞匯復現解題

完形填空的文章雖短，但卻是一個意義完整、上下關聯的語篇，所討論的是同一主題,

所以行文中的替代現象和詞語重復是不可避免的。詞匯的復現是指某一詞以原詞、指代詞、

同義詞、反義詞、概括詞等出現在語篇中，句子通過這種復現得到了相互銜接。完形填空的

某個空白處的答案可能就是上下文復現的相關詞，據此可快速找出正確答案。

［典例1］uNo?it'stoolonganditdoesn'thaveany49,“complainedLainey.

“Oh,that'swhereyouare5Q.wrong;therearelotsofpictures.Everypageisfullofpictures;you

justhavetoreadthewordsio51.seethem.It'slikemagic.^^

“Nicetry,AuntDede,“Laineyreplied52.sourlvfromthebackseat.

Another53wasinorder."WelLifyoudon'twanttoreadit,giveit54.back.Maybeyourmom

would55.enioyhearingthestory.”ThebooksailedthroughtheairtoAuntDedeandshebegan

toreaditaloud.Bytheendofthefirstchapter,56.requesiswerecomingfromthebackseat:

“Pleasereadalittle57.louder.",

49.A.picturesB.stories

C.AdventuresD.conversations

53.A.ideaB.try

C.BeliefD.behavior

技法5|利用情景排除法解題

完形填空的某些設空在文章的上下文中是找不到“伏筆”或“暗示”的，這時就要求學生對

空白前后的情景進行合理想象，然后用排除法確定正確選項，因為四個選項中必有一正確選

擇。

<4

［典例"Another53.trywasinorder.Well?ifyoudon'twanttoreadit,giveit54iback.Maybe

yourmomwould55hearingthestory."ThebooksailedthroughtheairtoAuntDedeandshe

begantoreadilaloud.By(heendofthefirstchapter,56werecomingfromthebackseat：

“Pleasereadalittle57.louder.”

55.A.cnjoyB.admit

C.mindD.finish

56.A.decisionsB.requests

C.commentsD.promises

［典例2］Wheredoyougowhenyouwanttolearnsomething?School?Afriend?Atutor?

Theseareall21placesoflearning.Butitmaywellbethatthelearningyoureallywant22

somewhereelseinstead.Ihadthe23.chanceofseeingthisfirsthandona24.weekend.

21.A.publicB.traditional

C.officialD.special

22.A.passesB.works

C.liesD.ends

技法6|利用詞法和句法結構解題

完形填空會有個別設空是考查在語境中靈活運用所學語法和句法結構的能力，辨析同義

詞、近義詞的能力。正確分析句子的語法成分和結構，具備扎實的詞匯基礎知識是解題的關

鍵。

[典例1]Whenwehandedhimthebagof52.food,helitupandthankedus

with53eyes.WhenIhandedhimthegiftcard,sayinghecoulduseitfor54hisfamily

mightneed,heburstintotears.

53.A.sleepyB.watery

C.curiousD.sharp

54.A.whoeverB.whatever

C.whicheverD.whenever

[典例2]Wcfinallydidanditwas20.1oveatfirstsight.ltwasOurHome,smallandcharming,

overlookingaquietlake.Walkingthroughtheroomsandtalkingwiththeowners,aniceelderly

couple>wcfelt(hewarmthand21ofthemarriagewithinthathome.Asperfectasitwas,the

priceremainedtoohighforus.Buteveryday,wewouldsitbythelake,lookingatthehouseand

dreamingof22itwouldbeliketolivethere.

21.A.prideB.happiness

C.ChallengeD.desire

22.A.whichB.why

C.thatD.what

經典例題

真題再現

、閱讀點提

Everyyearabout40,000peopleattemptto1climbKilimanjaro,thehighestG首段作者介紹了一則傳

mountaininAfrica.They41with(hemlotsofwaste.The42mi^htdamage言,即每年大約有4萬登山

(冰川)

thebeautyoftheplace.Theglaciersaredisappearing,changingthe43of者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力

Kilimanjaro.

馬扎羅山，他們帶來了垃

Hearingthesestories,fm44abouttheplace-otherdestinationsaredescribedas

圾,破壞了這里的環境。

“purer“nalura1experiences.

①企圖做某事

However,Isoon45thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof

46_amongtonsof?rubbish.Ifinda47mountain,withtoiletsatcampsand

alongthepaths.Theenvironmentalchallengesare48buttheeffortsmadebythe

o第、、段作者介紹了

TanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe49.234

ThebestofaKilimanjaro50inmyopinion,isn'treachingthetop.Mountains自己為了核實有關乞力馬

are51asspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This52isespeciallyevidenton扎羅山的環境情況,親自參

Kilimanjaroas53gothrough3fiveecosystems（生態系統）inthespaceofafew觀該地的經歷。

kilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptly'at3,000meters,54lands

oflowgrowingplants.Furtherup,theweather55—lowcloudsenvelopthe②大量的

0

mountainsides,whicharccoveredwiththickgrass.I56^twelveshadesofgreen③經歷

fromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighland57:gravel（礫石）,stones

④adv.突然地

androcks.58youclimbintoanarctic-likezonewith59snowandtheglaciers

⑤［熟詞生義］v.包住,裹住,

thatmaysoondisappear.

蓋住

DoesKi1imanjaro60itsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftourists

⑥n.（顏色的）濃淡，色度

ruin.ngtheatmosphereofpeace?!found（heoppositetobetrue.

41.A.keepB.mixC.connectD.bring

42.A.storiesB.buildingsC.crowdsD.reportersQ最后一段作者根據自己的

43.A.posilionB.ageC.faceD.name親眼聽見，對汲地環境做出

44.A.silentB.skeptical'C.scriousD.crazy了客觀的評價。

45.A.discoverB.argueC.decideD.advocate⑦adj.懷疑的

46.A.cquipmcntB.grassC.cainpsD.stones

47.A.remoteB.quietC.tallD.clean

48.A.newB.specialC.significant4D.ncccssary

⑧adj.顯著的，有重大意義

49.A.payingoffB.spreadingoutC.blowingupD.fadingaway

的

50.A.atmosphereB.experienceC.experimentD.sight

51.A.studiedB.observedC.exploredD.regarded

52.A.viewB.qualityC.reasonD.purpose

53.A.scientistsB.climbersC.localsD.officials

54.A.holdingontoB.goingbacktoC.livinguptoD.givingwayto

55.A.changesB.clearsC.improvesD.permits

56.A.matchB.imagineC.countD.add

57.A.villageB.desertC.roadD.lake

58.A.ObviousIyB.EasilyC.ConsequentlyD.Finally

59.A.permanentB.littleC.frcshD.artificial

60.A.enjoyB.deserveC.saveD.acquire

真題再現

MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynear

【素養解讀】本文主

somewetlandswhichbecamehissecond1Helearnedthe

題語境內容為環境保

valueandbeautyof2therefromaveryyoungage.

護，旨在引導學生增強

Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething3happening

aroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe環保意識，積極參與社

4_itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.5,thenumber會實踐活動。

ofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.He6thatitwasbecausethere【語篇解讀】一場水

werenZltenoughtreestoprotectthemfromthe7.Thesolution,

災使一片有著鳥語花

ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek8during

香的濕地變得荒蕪，莫

thedaytime.Heturnedtothe9departmentforhelpbutwas

萊用了37年的時間植

toldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.However,Molaiwentlookingon

hisownand10anearbyislandwherehebegantopk.nttrees.樹造林，使這里重新成

IIyoungplantsinthedryseasonwas12foraloneboy.為動植物的家園。

Molaibuilta（the13ofeachsapling（幼樹）abambooplatform,【重點詞匯】

whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto14rainwater.1.decline

Thewaterwouldthendrip（滴落）ontheplantsbelow./di'klain/忱減少；下

Molai15toplanttreesforthenext37years.Hiseffortshave降

resultedin1,360acresofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehome2.solution

tomanyplantsandanirnaU./so'lu：fn/n.解決辦

1.A.dreamB.jobC.homeD.choice法

2.A.natureB.youthC.cullure

3.seek/si：k/v.尋求;謀

D.knowledge

求;爭取

3.A.preciousB.interestingC.disturbing

4.result4導致;造成

D.awkward

4.A.wasteB.tensionC.painD.darnage【難句分析】Molai

5.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.Thereforebuiltatthetopofeach

D.Otherwisesaplingaharrhoo

6.A.agreedB.realizedC.rememberedplatform,wherehe

□.predictedplacedearthenpots

7.A.noiseB.heatC.diseaseD.dustwithsmallholesto

8.A.directionsB.partnersC.helpcollectrainwater.奧萊

□.shelter在每棵幼樹的頂部建

9.A.laborB.policeC.forestD.fnance造了一個竹子平臺，在

10.A.rebuiltB.discoveredC.lcft

那里他放置了帶有小

D.managed

孔的陶罐來收集雨

11.A.DecoratingB.ObservingC.Watering

水。

□.Guarding

本句為主從復合句。

12.A.toughB.illcgalC.fantastic

D.beneficial句中where引導定語

13.A.backB.topC.footD.sidc從句，修飾先行詞

14.A.cooIdownB.keepoffC.purifyplatform.whcrc在從句

0.collect

15.A.returnedB.learnedC.failed中作地點狀語;介詞短

□.continued語withsmallholes作

定語，修飾名詞pots；不

定式locollect

rainwater作目的狀語。

前輕松訓練

Throughoutmylife,Iwasneververyathletic.IwasnreallyintoI,sportsorconflict.

TheonlyactivitiesIenjoyedwere2thingslikewatchingTVandplayingcomputergames.

Itwasduringmyjunioryearinhighschool(hatIrealizedIneededa3.Myfriendswere

joiningthelongdistancerunningclubandalsoinvitedmetodoit.Atmyschool,therewereno

qualification4;everystudentwasaccepted.

Aseveryonegatheredaroundonthefirstdayofpractice,the5announceditwastimefor

“wairn-up”.Iimaginedthewarm-upwouldbea6jogaroundthe400-metretrack.Isoon_7

itwasaI-kmrun.Aftercompletingtherun,IwasX!Iwondered,“Ifthat71sthewarm-up,

whatDsnext?^^Therealworkoutfbrthedaywasa5-kmrun,whichImostlywalked.WhenI

camehome,Ireallyconsidered9.However,I10myselfto