初升高英語銜接講義：動名詞

高中階段考查形式：注重語法知識的靈活運用和理解，更多地在語篇語法【初中動名詞考點聚焦】功能：掌握動名詞可以作為句子的主語或賓語及固定搭配。2．Wesuggestparents3．ChangAnwinshigh5．Icouldgetthemeaningby6．Englishever7．Weareconsidering【高中動名詞考點聚焦】=Q課標解讀動名詞是非謂語動詞，它由“動詞原形+ing”構成。有的動詞-ing形式在句中起名動詞-ing形式的時態和語態詳見下表（以write為例）：beingwritten=Q考點清單動名詞屬于非謂語動詞，它具有名詞和動詞的特點，它可以支配賓語，也能被副詞修飾。在句子中可以作主語、賓語、表語和定語。此外，它也有時態和語態的變化，還有復合結構的▇成分的充當√√√√√√√√√√××√√√√考點歸納一、動名詞作主語典型用法Playingwithfireisdangerous.玩火是很危Toplaywithfireisdangerous.玩火是動名詞作主語與動詞不定式作主語的比較：動詞不定式和動名詞都可以用作主語。在意義上相近。但動名詞多用來表示泛指或抽象動作，不定式多用來表示特指或具體動作。比較：Smokingisnotgoodforhealth.（泛1.動名詞直接作主語，如：Seeingisbelieving.百聞不如一2.It作形式主語，動名詞作真正主語，用于Itisnouse/goodcomplaining。抱怨無濟于事。Nosmoking(=Nosmokingisallowed(here)).（禁止2.It’snogood(regret)yourp3.4.InancientChina,thecurrencyconsistedmainlyofprec (carry)alargequantityofcashwasnotonlyaheavyburdenbutasrobberiesquiteoftenhappenedalong考點歸納二、動名詞作賓語典型用法suggest/advise/recommend,risk,devoteoneselfto,resist/tolerate,lookforwardto,deny,escapequit/giveup,delay,regret,imagine/fancy,keep,enjoy,admit,quit/giveup,delay,regret,imagine/fancy,keep,enjoy,admit,forbid/ban,excuse/pardon/forgive,avoid,involve,consider,appreciate,can’thelp,caforbid/ban,excuse/pardon/forgive,avoid,involve,consider,appreciate,can’thelp,ca如：IpractiselearningEnglihavedifficulty/trouble(in)doThereisnopoint/use(pend/wastetime(in)doing.ThemusiciswellworthlisteniWearebusypreparingforthecoming考點歸納三、動名詞作表語典型用法Myhobbyisswimming.=Swimmingismyh考點歸納四、動名詞作定語典型用法swimmingpool=apoolforswimming=apoolwhichisusedfreadingroom=aroomforreading=aroomwhichisusedforreading等threshingground打谷場waitingroom候車室【擴展】(1).只能接不定式作賓語的動詞：決心努力學習。want,need,refuse,forgetdecide,determine,try,managhope,wish,expect,long,offagreepromise,begin,start,mind介意practise練習putoff推遲resist抵抗YoumusttryyourbesttoavoidmeetinghimiWhenIheardhisvoice,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofmyfather.當我聽到他的聲音Ienjoyreadingnewspaperswh用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。1.Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinter2.Sometimesstudentspostpone(do)theirhomew3.Idon'tappreciate4.Asanewdriver,IhavetopractTheflowersneedwatering/tobeTheproblemisworthdis用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。 (stop)mebutfailed.Shewasright.Itdidn’ttur (lock)thedoorbeforeIlefttheoffice,butforgottoturnoffthelights. (do)housework.Seein (cry). whohadhelpedinhercareer.5.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways(get)herpermissionforthings,thinbeafraidof...為……而害怕beashamedof...為……感到羞恥bebusy(in)doingbefondof喜歡begoodat...擅長于……beinterestedin...對……感興趣beproudof...為……感到驕傲besickof...對……感到惡心betriedof...厭煩……dreamof夢想hearof聽說，知道keep...from避免prevent...from避免……setabout...動手去做……stop...from避免……thank...for...為……而感謝……thinkof想到spend...(in)doingsOnhearingthemanager’svoice,heturnedofftheswitchatoncNowtheyarebusy(in)preparing考點歸納五、時態和語態beingdonehavingdonehavingbeendone如：HecametothepartywithoutbHowever,therearepeoplewhodon’tlikebeingtoldwhatwordstheyhavetoTherewasareportofthebridgebeingclimbedbyagroupoftouristsin1998.如：IregretnotfollowinNotusingtherightwordswhenwespeakmayoffendsomepeople.NotclimbingtheSydneyHarbourBridgewouldbealifeMyjobisnotmanagingtheoffice.如：Werememberedhavings2.動名詞的完成被動式(havingbeen用動名詞的完成式時，強調它表示的動作在位于所表示的動作之前發生，但是和主語之間不再是主動關系，如：HeforgothavingbeentakentoGuangzhouwhenhewasfi考點歸納六、動名詞的復合結構帶有邏輯主語的動名詞稱為動名詞的復合結構。當動名詞的邏輯主語與句子的主語不一致時，要在動名詞(=ThatshecametohelpencouragJane’sbeingcarelesscau(=ThatJanewascarelesscausedsomuchWhat’stroublingthemis(=What’stroublingthemisthattheydon’thaveenoe.g.HisnotknowingtheforeignculturemakeshimemHiscomingmakesmeh().Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto.A.thethiefhavingcaughtB.catchthethiefC.thethiefbeingcaughtD.thethieftobecaught2．(admit)hismistake3．Shewasscaredof4．Sheadmitted5．Thenurseappliedpressur6．(tend)toplants7．Instead,sherecommends“DivisionofResponsibility”,...(所給詞的適當形式填空)11．(maintain)a13．Upon15．Hedevotesmostofhissparetimeto16．Mostteenagersenjoy17．Afterhoursofdiscussion,thete18．Youshouldavoid(19．It’sawasteoftime(argue20．Wealllookforwardto21．(聽音樂)befor25．By(積26．Itisnouse(抱怨)theexamresult27．Inordertokeephealthy,I’mthinkingof29．Thestudentsarewillingto三、語篇填空（動名詞專練）1(develop)goodlearninghab(waste)studytimeon(encourage)mewhenIfallbt(quality)formthebasisofafriendship.projectandhisschoolwork,andIcanseethatmakes.Ishouldalsoencouragehim5struggling6takeupsomeofmysparetimeinme.Through10In2013,IrealisedthatIneededmuchthedecisionwouldchangemefortherestofmylife!Beforetravelling,Iwasalwaysworriedaboutwhatotherpeoplethinkofme.HowIlookedanddresreallyimportanttome.Iwasalwaysworriedaboutputtingonweight,gettingdarker,wonderingigood-lookingenoughtosocialiseandbeoneofthepeopleIusedtohangoutwith.Itdoesn’tmatconfidentwithmycolour,myweight,andhowIdreIusedtocompetealotevenwhenIMylifeisalreadycomplete;IjusthavetomakesurethatwhateverIdowillbepositive(積極的)andmakemeabetterperson.Iwasa24-year-oldFilipinawithasuccessfulcareer(事業)andhadallostartedtravelling,Iwasnoone.IhavetolearnalotofthinIthoughttheonlyskillsIneededtoimprovewereMicrosoftOfficeanBesidestheskillsI’velearnedvolunteering,Ihavecompletedseveralcertificatmoneytosupportmynewlifestyle.Iamnowayogateacher,anAyurvedaEnglishteacher.Now,withthenewskillsandcertifications,IcanworkwhereverIwA．ToescapefromhertC．Tolookforaninterestinglifes13．Whatdoestheauthorthink高中階段考查形式：注重語法知識的靈活運用和理解，更多地在語篇語法【初中動名詞考點聚焦】功能：掌握動名詞可以作為句子的主語或賓語及固定搭配。【答案】B考查非謂語動詞。havetroubledoingsth.2．Wesuggestparents【答案】C考查非謂語動詞。suggest后應跟動名詞形式，根據“inordertokeepthemawayfromdanger”可知，此處是建3．ChangAnwinshigh【答案】C【詳解】句意：《長安三萬里》贏得了公眾的高度贊揚【答案】A考查非謂語動詞。mindone’sdoingsth5．Icouldgetthemeaningby【答案】C考查動名詞作介詞賓語。by后接動名詞形式，表示6．Englishever【答案】C考查非謂語動詞。根據“…Englisheverymorningisago7．Weareconsidering【答案】A根據固定搭配“considerdoingsth.（考慮做某事）”可知，此處應該使用動名詞形式作【答案】C考查非謂語動詞。固定短語“beinterestedindoingsth.”表示“對做某事感興趣”，其中介詞in后【答案】B【答案】C【詳解】句意：Cherry最喜歡的圖片是那個帶領一個老人穿過馬路的一個女孩。這里是現在分詞做后置定【高中動名詞考點聚焦】 =Q課標解讀動名詞是非謂語動詞，它由“動詞原形+ing”構成。有的動詞-ing形式在句中起名動詞-ing形式的時態和語態詳見下表（以write為例）：beingwritten =Q考點清單動名詞屬于非謂語動詞，它具有名詞和動詞的特點，它可以支配賓語，也能被副詞修飾。在句子中可以作主語、賓語、表語和定語。此外，它也有時態和語態的變化，還有復合結構的▇成分的充當√√√√√√√√√√××√√√√考點歸納一、動名詞作主語典型用法Playingwithfireisdangerous.玩火是很危Toplaywithfireisdangerous.玩火是動名詞作主語與動詞不定式作主語的比較：動詞不定式和動名詞都可以用作主語。在意義上相近。但動名詞多用來表示泛指或抽象動作，不定式多用來表示特指或具體動作。比較：Smokingisnotgoodforhealth.（泛1.動名詞直接作主語，如：Seeingisbelieving.百聞不如一2.It作形式主語，動名詞作真正主語，用于Itisnouse/goodcomplaining。抱怨無濟于事。Nosmoking(=Nosmokingisallowed(here)).（禁止2.It’snogood(regret)yourp3.4.InancientChina,thecurrencyconsistedmainlyofprec (carry)alargequantityofcashwasnotonlyaheavyburdenbutasrobberiesquiteoftenhappenedalong【答案與解析】2.regretting。Itisnous3.Beinginjured。首先語境需要動名詞短語作主語；beinjuredin…是固定詞組。故答案是B4.carrying。句意：在中國古代，貨幣主要由金、銀、銅等貴金屬組成，因此攜帶大量現金不僅是一種沉重的負擔，而且還會使所有者處于危險之中，因為途中經常發生搶劫。分析句子結合句意可知，此處缺少主考點歸納二、動名詞作賓語典型用法suggest/advise/recommend,risk,devoteoneselfto,resist/tolerate,lookforwardto,deny,escapequit/giveup,delay,regret,imagine/fancy,keep,enjoy,admit,quit/giveup,delay,regret,imagine/fancy,keep,enjoy,admit,forbid/ban,excuse/pardon/forgive,avoid,involve,consider,appreciate,can’thelp,caforbid/ban,excuse/pardon/forgive,avoid,involve,consider,appreciate,can’thelp,ca如：IpractiselearningEnglihavedifficulty/trouble(in)doThereisnopoint/use(pend/wastetime(in)doing.ThemusiciswellworthlisteniWearebusypreparingforthecoming考點歸納三、動名詞作表語典型用法Myhobbyisswimming.=Swimmingismyh考點歸納四、動名詞作定語典型用法swimmingpool=apoolforswimming=apoolwhichisusedfreadingroom=aroomforreading=aroomwhichisusedforreading等threshingground打谷場waitingroom候車室【擴展】(1).只能接不定式作賓語的動詞：決心努力學習。want,need,refuse,forgetdecide,determine,try,managhope,wish,expect,long,offagreepromise,begin,start,mind介意practise練習putoff推遲resist抵抗YoumusttryyourbesttoavoidmeetinghimiWhenIheardhisvoice,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofmyfather.當我聽到他的聲音Ienjoyreadingnewspaperswh用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。1.Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinter2.Sometimesstudentspostpone(do)theirhomew3.Idon'tappreciate4.Asanewdriver,Ihavetopract【答案與解析】Theflowersneedwatering/tobeTheproblemisworthdis用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。 (stop)mebutfailed.Shewasright.Itdidn’ttur (lock)thedoorbeforeIlefttheoffice,butforgottoturnoffthelights. (do)housework.Seeingmymo (cry). whohadhelpedinhercareer.5.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways (get)herpermissionforthings,thinkaga【答案與解析】1.tostop。trytodo努力做某事；trydoing嘗試做某事。句意：“不有攔住。她說對了。結果這道菜不是我原希望的那個樣子Benedict先接受獎項，接著感謝那些幫助過自己的人們，應用go5.getting。meantodo表示“打算做某事”，meandoingsth.表示“意味著”；結合句意“如果你認beafraidof...為……而害怕beashamedof...為……感到羞恥bebusy(in)doingbefondof喜歡begoodat...擅長于……beinterestedin...對……感興趣beproudof...為……感到驕傲besickof...對……感到惡心betriedof...厭煩……dreamof夢想hearof聽說，知道keep...from避免prevent...from避免……setabout...動手去做……stop...from避免……thank...for...為……而感謝……thinkof想到spend...(in)doingsOnhearingthemanager’svoice,heturnedofftheswitchatoncNowtheyarebusy(in)preparing考點歸納五、時態和語態beingdonehavingdonehavingbeendone如：HecametothepartywithoutbHowever,therearepeoplewhodon’tlikebeingtoldwhatwordstheyhavetoTherewasareportofthebridgebeingclimbedbyagroupoftouristsin1998.如：IregretnotfollowinNotusingtherightwordswhenwespeakmayoffendsomepeople.NotclimbingtheSydneyHarbourBridgewouldbealifeMyjobisnotmanagingtheoffice.如：Werememberedhavings2.動名詞的完成被動式(havingbeen用動名詞的完成式時，強調它表示的動作在位于所表示的動作之前發生，但是和主語之間不再是主動關系，如：HeforgothavingbeentakentoGuangzhouwhenhewasfi考點歸納六、動名詞的復合結構帶有邏輯主語的動名詞稱為動名詞的復合結構。當動名詞的邏輯主語與句子的主語不一致時，要在動名詞(=ThatshecametohelpencouragJane’sbeingcarelesscau(=ThatJanewascarelesscausedsomuchWhat’stroublingthem(=What’stroublingthemisthattheydon’thaveenoe.g.HisnotknowingtheforeignculturemakeshimemHiscomingmakesmeh().Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto.A.thethiefhavingcaughtB.catchthethiefC.thethiefbeingcaughtD.thethieftobecaught【解析】leadto這個詞組中to是介詞，后面跟名詞，于是B被排除，thethief是動名詞邏輯上的主語，lookforwardto，lookupto,【答案】beingstruck2．(admit)hismistake【答案】Admitting【詳解】句意：他勇于承認自己的錯誤，這使他贏得了老師和同學們的尊重?？崭裉幾髦髡Z，應該用動名3．Shewasscaredof【答案】walking4．Sheadmitted【答案】taking【詳解】句意：她承認誤拿了我的雨傘。固定搭配5．Thenurseappliedpressur【答案】bleeding【詳解】句意：護士按壓他的手臂以止血。此處考查固定搭配stopdoingsth.或stop+名詞，bleed為動詞，6．(tend)toplants【答案】Tending【詳解】句意：照料植物是一種鍛煉耐心和學習的活動。此處作主語，表示經常性、習慣性的動作，應用7．Instead,sherecommends“DivisionofResponsibility”,...(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】applying【答案】challenged【詳解】句意：因此，他們感受不到在學業上受到挑戰的滿足感。of為介詞，后面接動名詞作賓語，they和challenge為被動關系，需用動名詞的被動語【答案】playing【詳解】句意：現在許多學生投入太多的時間玩電腦游戲。devotesth.todoingsth.為固定搭配，to為介詞，空處缺少賓語，play為動詞，此處應該改為對應的動名詞形式playing?！敬鸢浮縫ossessing【詳解】句意：他一生致力于獲取知識而非物質財富。devote...to...中to是介詞，其后接動名詞possessing11．(maintain)a【答案】Maintaining【答案】contrasting13．Upon【答案】hearing【答案】beinginvited【詳解】句意：這位學者一受邀參加會議，便精心準備了一份詳盡的報告。ondoingsth.“一……”是固定搭配，動名詞作賓語，且邏輯主語thescholar和invite是被動關系，故應用15．Hedevotesmostofhissparetimeto【答案】learning【詳解】句意：他把大部分業余時間都用來學習中國傳統繪畫。devote...to...為固定搭配，意為“把……奉獻16．Mostteenagersenjoy【答案】sharing【詳解】句意：大多數青少年喜歡在社交媒體平臺上和朋友們分享他們的日常生活。enjoydoingsth.是固定17．Afterhoursofdiscussion,thete【答案】solving【詳解】句意：經過幾個小時的討論，團隊終于成功解決了這個難題?！皊ucceedi18．Youshouldavoid(【答案】damaging【詳解】句意：在對房屋進行裝修時，您應避免損壞管道系統。短語avoiddoin19．It’sawasteoftime(argue【答案】arguing20．Wealllookforwardto【答案】observing“期待做某事”，要將observe變成observing。21．(聽音樂)befor【答案】Listeningtomusic語listentomusic；分析句【答案】Watchingmovies語watchmovies，此處短語在句中作主語，此處描述經常性動作，所以需使用動名詞短語watchingmovies，【答案】keepingcommunication【答案】Hiscoming/Thathecame容詞性物主代詞His；表示“到來”用動詞come；表示“他的到來”可用固定短語Hiscoming（動25．By(積【答案】beingpositiveabout26．Itisnouse(抱怨)theexamresult【答案】complainingabout【詳解】句意：抱怨考試結果是沒有用的，重要的是你如何為下一次考試做準備。根據漢語提示可知，空27．Inordertokeephealthy,I’mthinkingof【答案】signingupfor【答案】beinginterpretedas固定短語，設空處應用動名詞；“被理解為”表動關系，需用動名詞的被動式形式作賓語。故填beinginter29．Thestudentsarewillingto【答案】joinusinorganizing【詳解】考查動詞短語和非謂語動詞。句意：學生們愿意和我們一起組織這次活動?！凹尤肽橙俗瞿呈隆庇脛釉~短語joinsb.indoingsth.，“我們”用代詞us，“組織”用動詞organize，表示“愿意做某事”，join應用原形。故填joinusinorganizing。【答案】Doingexerciseeveryday【詳解】考查動名詞短語。句意：每天進行鍛煉對我們的健康有益。根據漢語提示可知，此處為動名詞短語Doingexerciseeveryday“每天鍛煉”作主語。故填Doingex三、語篇填空（動名詞專練）1(develop)goodlearninghab(waste)studytimeon(encourage)mewhenIfallb【導讀】本文圍繞一名高一學生的學習與課余生活展開，全面考查動名詞作主語、表語、動詞賓語、介詞首作句子主語，泛指“養成好習慣”這件事，動詞原形不能充當主語，因此dev2.reading原句譯文：我喜歡每天早晨閱事enjoy后只能接動名詞作賓語，故填3.taking原句譯文：我習慣在課堂上做好詳盡的筆記。解析：beusedtodoingsth.表示短語中to是介詞，介詞后需用動名詞，take做某事worth后接動名詞，主動形式表被動含義，填5.staying原句譯文：我避免熬夜虛度空閑時間），6.running原句譯文：我最大的愛好是放學后跑步。解析：動名詞doingsth.（無法忍受做某事），stand此處表“忍受”，后接動名詞作賓語8.joining原句譯文：我期盼不久后加入學校英語社團。解析：lookforwardtodoingsth.（期待做某事詞組里to為介詞，后面搭配動名詞，joinsb.fordoingsth.（因做某事感謝某人故填en持、持續做某事keep后接動名詞作賓語， (quality)formthebasisofafriendship.projectandhisschoolwork,andIcanseethatmakes.Ishouldalsoencouragehim5struggling6takeupsomeofmysp