《高中英語選擇性必修四Unit 1 Review useful structures》課件

ReviewusefulstructureUnit1LearningAboutLanguage1.(2016·北京高考)Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheirefforts________________withsuccessintheend.學生們一直刻苦學習功課,他們的努力最終將會得到回報。2.Theparty_______________sincelastyear.這次聚會自從去年就開始籌劃了。3.Thestation___________in1928.車站建于1928年。4.Rice___________inthesouthofthecountry.水稻在這個國家的南方被種植。

先做題再總結(歸納法)1.(2016·北京高考)Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheireffortswillberewardedwithsuccessintheend.學生們一直刻苦學習功課,他們的努力最終將會得到回報。2.Thepartyhasbeenplannedsincelastyear.這次聚會自從去年就開始籌劃了。

先做題再總結(歸納法)3.Thestation___________in1928.車站建于1928年。4.Rice___________inthesouthofthecountry.水稻在這個國家的南方被種植。

先做題再總結(歸納法)3.Thestationwasbuiltin1928.車站建于1928年。4.Riceisgrowninthesouthofthecountry.水稻在這個國家的南方被種植。

先做題再總結(歸納法)5.Thequestion________________atthemeeting.這個問題正在會議上被討論。6.(2015·安徽高考)Itisreportedthataspacestation___________(build)onthemooninyearstocome.據報道,未來幾年,月球上將修建一座空間站。

先做題再總結(歸納法)5.Thequestionisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.這個問題正在會議上被討論。6.(2015·安徽高考)Itisreportedthataspacestationwillbebuiltonthemooninyearstocome.據報道,未來幾年,月球上將修建一座空間站。

先做題再總結(歸納法)7.Trees__________(plant)hereatthistimelastyear.8.WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundthetickets________________.當我抵達劇院的時候，我發現票已經被售完了。

先做題再總結(歸納法)7.Treeswerebeingplantedhereatthistimelastyear.8.WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheticketshadbeensoldout.當我抵達劇院的時候，我發現票已經被售完了。

先做題再總結(歸納法)Somebodycleansthisroomeveryday.Thisroomiscleanedeveryday.Somebodycleanedthisroomyesterday.Thisroomwascleanedyesterday.Compare在英語中，語態分為兩種：主動語態和被動語態。主動語態和被動語態都是指動詞的形式而言。在主動語態中強調的是執行動作的人或物，即主語是動作的執行者；而在被動語態中強調的是接受動作的人或物，即主語是動作的承受者。總結各種時態的被動語態(以實義動詞do為例)構成:

被動語態由“be+及物動詞的過去分詞(done)”構成。be動詞要隨著人稱和數的變化而變化。被動語態的時態是通過動詞be的變化來表示的,有些時態的被動語態還需帶上一定的助動詞。具體形式如下:過去將來時將來時過去時現在時will/shallhavebeendonehadbeendonehave/hasbeendone完成式was/werebeingdoneam/is/arebeingdone進行式would/shouldbedonewill/shallbedonewas/weredoneam/is/aredone一般式Focuson基本用法1.

了解被動語態結構;2.能夠正確理解并運用被動語態。3.

使用被動語態的注意事項。4.

主動形式表被動意義的情況。復習被動語態ReviewthePassiveVioce指出句中的主謂賓語。We

kept

foodinthefridge.We

mustclose

thewindowsandthedoor.SV.O.SV.O.Foodwaskept(byus)

inthefridge.Thewindowsandthedoormustbeclosed.使用被動語態的情況：Sugarcaneisgrowninthesouth.ThesongTheEastisRed

waswritten

byapoorpeasant.1.不知道或沒必要指出動作的執行者。2.強調動作的承受者。Theplanwassupportedby

thosewhowishedtohavemorechancestospeakEnglish.Margaretwasgivensomebadadviceaboutselectingcourses.3.動作的執行者有較長的修飾語。4.出于禮貌，不愿意說出動作執行者。各個時態的被動語態構成：各個時態的被動語態構成：am/is/are+V-edam/is/are+being+V-edwas/were+V-edwas/were+being+V-edhave/has+been+V-edhad+been+V-edshall/will+be+V-edbegoingto+be+V-edmustbe+V-edshouldhave+been+V-edThisroombelongstome.Whenwillthesportsmeetingtakeplace?1.不及物動詞,不及物動詞短語或系動詞沒有被動語態。常見的有：appear,disappear,breakout,cometrue,runout,dateback,happen,goon,takeplace,belongto,等。Theymadehimgotherealone.Hewasmade

(go)therealone.2.make,see,hear,watch,notice等感官動詞或使役動詞：在主動語態里，作賓補的動詞不定式不帶to，但變為被動語態時，to要還原。togoWegavehimtheletter.Theletterwasgiventohim.Hewasgiventheletter.3.帶雙賓語的動詞作謂語的主動句轉換為被動句時，用for或者to引出表示人的間接賓語。Sheoftenlooksaftertheold.Theoldareoftenlookedafterbyher.4.動詞短語(動詞+介/副)在主謂結構中不可分割，在被動句中，不可去掉后面的介詞或者副詞。Youshouldprotectyourskintoavoidgetting

(sunburn)whenyougooutinthehotsun.5.get+done,也可以表示被動含義。sunburntItissaidthat…Itisreportedthat…Itishopedthat…Itiswellknownthat…Itisbelievedthat…Itmustbepointedoutthat…6.在一些固定句型中常用被動語態。①ThelongnovelwaswrittenbyMr.LuXuninthe1920s.②Thelongnoveliswellwritten,isn’tit?③Theglasswasbrokenbyhislittlesonyesterday.④Look,theglassisbroken!Whobrokeit?被動語態被動語態系表結構系表結構6.注意區別被動語態與系表結構：被動語態表示動作，句子主語是該動作的承受者，V-ed表示動作；而系表結構表示狀態，說明主語的特點或所處的狀態。①Thedoordoesn’tshut.②ThistypeofcarsellswellinChina.(1)當open,close,shut,lock,move,clean,cook,cut,wear,carry,write,read,sell,wash,measure等用作不及物動詞且表示主語某種屬性時；主動形式表被動意義的情況①Youradvicesounds

practical.②Thefoodtastesdelicious.(2)連系動詞(look,sound,smell,feel,taste,remain等)后接表語時；主動形式表被動意義的情況Thehouseneedscleaning.(3)當want,need,require等少數表示“需要”的動詞后跟V-ing時；Thehouseneedstobecleaned.主動形式表被動意義的情況Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformoftheverbs.Practice1.Mysister__________(offer)agoodchancetogoabroadforfurthereducation.2.Abook____________(read)morethanonceifyouwanttounderstanditbetter.3.Everypossiblemeans____________(use)topreventtheairpollution,butskyisstillnotclear.4.-GeorgeandLucygotmarriedlastweek.Didyougototheirwedding?-No.I_________________(invite).Didtheyhaveabigwedding?wasofferedmustbereadhasbeenusedhadn’tbeeninvited1Whatisdonecannot_________.(undo)2Janet_____________chairwomanofthestudentunionlastmonth.(elect)3Twohundredgrammesofflourshould____________tothecakemix.(add)4A3,000-seatvenue_________forthecircusperformanceinNovember.(build)5Workingefficiency________sincethisnewsoftwarewasadopted.(improve)6Onlyonepieceofcarry-onluggage______foreacheconomyclasspassenger.(allow)7Itisagreathonourformeto_________toaddressthisinternationalAIconference.(invite)8WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundthatthesalesman'ssalary________atthemeeting.(discuss)9WithexamsbeingadaptedintoBraille,ablindseniorhighschoolstudentscored630pointsoutof650intheCollegeEntranceExamination.Heisexpectedto______toatopuniversity.(admit)Completethesentenceswithappropriateformsoftheverbsinbrackets.ThentrytotranslatethesesentencesintoChinese.P521Whatisdonecannot_________.(undo)2Janet_____________chairwomanofthestudentunionlastmonth.(elect)3Twohundredgrammesofflourshould_________tothecakemix.(add)4A3,000-seatvenue__________forthecircusperformanceinNovember.(build)5Workingefficiency_________________sincethisnewsoftwarewasadopted.(improve)beundonewaselectedbeaddedwillbebuilthasbeenimprovedCheckyouranswers6Onlyonepieceofcarry-onluggage________________foreacheconomyclasspassenger.(allow)7Itisagreathonourformeto_________toaddressthisinternationalAIconference.(invite)8WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundthatthesalesman'ssalary_________________atthemeeting.(discuss)9WithexamsbeingadaptedintoBraille,ablindseniorhighschoolstudentscored630pointsoutof650intheCollegeEntranceExamination.Heisexpectedto_____________toatopuniversity.(admit)isallowedbeinvitedwasbeingdiscussedbeadmittedSciencefiction______bymanypeopleasamirrorthroughwhichourfuturecanbefreelyimaginedand_______.TheThree-BodyProblem,_______byChinesewriterLiuCixin,isoneofthoseastonishingpredictionsaboutthefuture.TheworkwasfirstpublishedinaChinesesci-fimagazinein2006andprintedasathree-volumebookin2008.Whenthefirstvolume______intoEnglishbyChinese-AmericanauthorKenLiu,itattractedattentionaroundtheworld,becomingthefirstAsianwinneroftheHugoAwardforBestNovel.Thebook______manythemessuchasspaceexploration,aliencontact,AI,andthefutureofhumans.TheThreeBodyProblembeginswiththestoriesoftwounrelatedpeople,YeWenjieandWangMiao.Ye______tojoinasecretprojectinaremoteareaofChina,which______tocontactalienlifeforms.Intheotherstory,set20yearslater,WangMiao________inapopularonlinegamecalled"ThreeBody",inwhichpeopleliveonanunknownplanetwiththreesuns.ButWangdiscoversitismorethanagame—ituncoversagreatdangerthreateninghumanexistence.Howarethesetwopeople’sstories______?AndhowwilltheirbehaviourchangeEarth’sfutureandthecivilizationsofotherplanets?Answerstoallthesequestionsarewaitingto______whenyougoonreading.exploretranslatediscoverregardrepresentsetuprecruitwritegetcaughtupconnectReadtheintroductiontoasciencefictionnovelandcompletethepassageusingthecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.P53Sciencefiction__________bymanypeopleasamirrorthroughwhichourfuturecanbefreelyimaginedand_________.TheThree-BodyProblem,_______byChinesewriterLiuCixin,isoneofthoseastonishingpredictionsaboutthefuture.TheworkwasfirstpublishedinaChinesesci-fimagazinein2006andprintedasathree-volumebookin2008.Whenthefirstvolume______________intoEnglishbyChinese-AmericanauthorKenLiu,itattractedattentionaroundtheworld,becomingthefirstAsianwinneroftheHugoAwardforBestNovel.Thebook___________manythemessuchasspaceexploration,aliencontact,AI,andthefutureofhumans.CheckyouranswerswrittenwastranslatedrepresentedisregardeddiscoveredTheThreeBodyProblembeginswiththestoriesoftwounrelatedpeople,YeWenjieandWangMiao.Ye___________tojoinasecretprojectinaremoteareaofChina,which____________tocontactalienlifeforms.Intheotherstory,set20yearslater,WangMiao_____________inapopularonlinegamecalled"ThreeBody",inwhichpeopleliveonanunknownplanetwiththreesuns.ButWangdiscoversitismorethanagame—ituncoversagreatdangerthreateninghumanexistence.Howarethesetwopeople’sstories______?AndhowwilltheirbehaviourchangeEarth’sfutureandthecivilizationsofotherplanets?Answerstoallthesequestionsarewaitingto__________whenyougoonreading.wasrecruitedisconnectedsetupgetcaughtupbeexplored2.主動語態改為被動語態的三個步驟：a.

把主動句的賓語變成被動句的主語；b.

把主動句的謂語變成be+V-ed，時態與原句保持一致；c.

把主動句的主語變成由by引導的的賓格形式，放在被動句的謂語之后，by短語可以省略。1.復習被動語態的各種形式。1.TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It_________(build)originallytoprotectthecityduringtheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored.(2021年全國甲卷)2.Thelittlehome____________(paint)white.Itwassweetandfresh.Marylovedit.(2021年6月浙江卷)wasbuiltwaspainted1．“Thisreallyexcitesscientists，”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseitmeanswehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon________(construct)．”(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)2．Theartistwassurehewould________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor'schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)3．Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho________(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.(2018·北京卷)isconstructedbechosenhadbeentrapped4．DuringavisittoBostonin1733,Franklin________(impress)withthecity'sfirepreventionmethods.5．Atuniversity,youwill________(teach)bylecturersandprofessorswhoareleadingfiguresintheirstudy.6．Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight____________(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.(2016·全國卷Ⅲ)7．Shuaijiao_____________(consider)bysomeexpertsastheoriginofmodernthrowingsportssuchasjudo.wasimpressedbetaughtisconsideredbemade8．Whenthetimecametomakethefinaldecisionforacourse，Idecidedtoapplyfortheonethat________(reflect)myinterest.(2016·浙江卷)9．Moreefforts,asreported,_______________(make)intheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupply-sidestructuralreform.(2016·江蘇卷)10．Twoyearsago,whileCathy__________________(watch)theOlympics,adreamcameintohersweetlittlehead—tobeaswimmer.(2016·天津卷)reflectedwillbemadewaswatching專題過關訓練1．Duringthe30daysbeforehewasputtodeath,hisfriendsandrelatives_____________(allow)tovisithiminhisprison.2．Inaword,massmedia__________(be)themoreimportantinthefuture.1．Duringthe30daysbeforehewasputtodeath,hisfriendsandrelatives

wereallowed

tovisithiminhisprison.2．Inaword,massmedia

willbe

themoreimportantinthefuture.3．Whenwegottothespot,theinjured

_______________(send)tothehospital.4.Thegirliseasy_________(getalongwith).3．Whenwegottothespot,theinjured

hadbeensent

tothehospital.4.Thegirliseasy

togetalongwith.5.TheWorldHealthOrganizationwarnsthatmillionsofpeople_________(suffer)fromindoorairpollutionatthepresenttime,whichresultsfromtheuseofdangerousfuelsandcook-stovesinthehome.6.Thefilmiswellworth________(see).5.TheWorldHealthOrganizationwarnsthatmillionsofpeoplearesufferingfromindoorairpollutionatthepresenttime,whichresultsfromtheuseofdangerousfuelsandcook-stovesinthehome.6.Thefilmiswellworthseeing.7．Thoughtheinterview_______(go)well,itwasimpressedonhimagainthatcomparedwiththeothercandidateshedidn'thavetheabilitytogetthejob.8.Everypossiblemeans____(try),butnone____(prove)successful．7．Thoughtheinterview

went

well,itwasimpressedonhimagainthatcomparedwiththeothercandidateshedidn'thavetheabilitytogetthejob.8.Everypossiblemeans

hasbeentried,butnone

provessuccessful．9.Themachine________(run)well.10.InUShighschool,everything____________(record)andgraded,includingyourgradesonquizzes,testsandfinalexaminations.9.Themachinerunswell.10.InUShighschool,everything

isrecorded

andgraded,includingyourgradesonquizzes,testsandfinalexaminations.11.WorldWarⅡ_________(breakout)in1937.12.ThiswasthefirsttimethatI_______________(experience)sandstormsandIdon'teverwanttobeinoneagain.11.WorldWarⅡbrokeout

in1937.12.ThiswasthefirsttimethatIhadexperienced

sandstormsandIdon'teverwanttobeinoneagain.13．Anotherpointthatshouldneverbeignored_________(be)thathandwritingisthekeytogettingamuchhigherscore.14.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium________(complete)inBeijing.13．Anotherpointthatshouldneverbeignored

isthathandwritingisthekeytogettingamuchhigherscore.14.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium

hadbeencompleted

inBeijing.15.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwho______(blame)forthespoiledchild.15.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwhoistoblameforthespoiledchild.

完成句子1.Thesedesks____________away.這些桌子不能被搬走。

2.Thenovelcoronoviruspneunomia________(defeat)aslongasweobeytherulesandregulationsstrictlyandhavedoggeddetermination.

只要我們嚴格遵守規章制度，懷有堅定的決心，新冠病毒肺炎必將被擊敗。

完成句子1.Thesedeskscan'tbemovedaway.這些桌子不能被搬走。

2.Thenovelcoronoviruspneunomiawillbedefeatedaslongasweobeytherulesandregulationsstrictlyandhavedoggeddetermination.

只要我們嚴格遵守規章制度，懷有堅定的決心，新冠病毒肺炎必將被擊敗。3.You_________________thebrokenbranchesoftreesandreplantingthefallentrees.

人們看到你清理斷掉的樹枝,補植歪倒的樹木。4.IwouldappreciateitifI___________asavolunteerintheAdultCeremony.

如果我能成為成人禮的志愿者,我將不勝感激。3.Youwereseenremoving/cleaningthebrokenbranchesoftreesandreplantingthefallentrees.

人們看到你清理斷掉的樹枝,補植歪倒的樹木。4.IwouldappreciateitifIamadmittedasavolunteerintheAdultCeremony.

如果我能成為成人禮的志愿者,我將不勝感激。5.Thewoman_______________abankjustnow.剛才有人看見這個女人進了一家銀行。6.Thenewproduct______________.

這新產品很暢銷。

5.Thewomanwasseentoenterabankjustnow.剛才有人看見這個女人進了一家銀行。6.Thenewproductsellswell.這新產品很暢銷。

7.Inorder_______________bytheloudmusicoutside,Ihavetocloseallthewindows.為了不受外面喧鬧的音樂的影響,我只好關上了所有的窗戶。8.Thefood____________.這食物嘗起來很美味。7.Inordernottobeaffected/influencedbytheloudmusicoutside,Ihavetocloseallthewindows.為了不受外面喧鬧的音樂的影響,我只好關上了所有的窗戶。8.Thefoodtastesdelicious.這食物嘗起來很美味。9.Rainforests___________andburnedatsuchaspeedthatthey__________fromtheearthinthe

future.熱帶雨林正以如此的速度被砍伐和焚燒，在未來他們將從這個地球上消失。10.Dreams______________________aslongaswetryourbest.

只要我們努力,夢想就會實現。9.Rainforests

arebeingcut

andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthe

future.熱帶雨林正以如此的速度被砍伐和焚燒，在未來他們將從這個地球上消失。10.Dreamscancometrue/canberealizedaslongaswetryourbest.

只要我們努力,夢想就會實現。.短文語法填空

83-year-oldAntonioVicentehasspentthelastfourdecadesofhislifebringingthejunglesofhislifehoodbacktolife.Today,hiseffortsarebeingrewarded,asthe____1____(complete)desertedlandhasbecomeabeautifuljunglewithwildlifeagain.Itwasin1973thatAntoniobeganhiswork____2___aweekendhobby.However,itsoonbecameawayoflife.Antoniospentwholedaysandnightsinhisyoungjungle____3_____(surround)byratsandfoxes,eatingbananasandwichesforbreakfast,lunchanddinner..短文語法填空

Overthelast40years,he______4____(plant)about50,000treesonhisland.Astheforestgrew,thewaterreturned.Thentheanimalsstartedmakingahomethere.Today,theforestisalivewiththesoundsofbirdsand____5___(insect)livingthere,andmorespeciesaresettlingthereeveryyear.“Ifyouaskme__6___myfamilyare,Iwouldsayallthesetreesrighthere,eachoneofthesethatIplantedfromaseed,”hesaid.

Asimpressiveashislife-long___7___(contribute)toreforestation(重新造林)is,hisstoryisveryrare..短文語法填空Datashowsthatnearly19,770acresofBrazilianrainforest_____8___(destroy)betweenAugust2015andJuly2016.ThatmakesAntonio'sworkseemlike___9__dropinapond.Butjustimagineifwehadmorepeoplelikehim,whocared___10_(much)aboutwaterandcleanairthanmoney,whatwouldtheworldbelike?.短文語法填空1.completely2.as3.surrounded4.hasplanted5.insects6.who7.contribution8.weredestroyed9.a10.moreⅠⅡⅢⅠ.閱讀理解A(2023浙江嘉興高二上期末)Trickortreat!WithHalloweenaroundthecorner,kidsareabouttocollectbagsfullofcandy,includingchocolate.Meanwhile,agroupofresearchersintheNetherlandshavebeenexperimentingwithamethodtomakechocolatemoreofa“treat”thanever.Whilechocolateisdeliciousformanyreasons,thisstudyfocusedonhowitcrackswhenitisbitten.CorentinCoulais,theresearcherteachingphysicsattheUniversityofAmsterdamsays,“Tobetterhowitfeelsinthemouth,wegave‘geometry(幾何學)’tochocolate,whichwouldthenchangethewayitbreaks.”ⅠⅡⅢGivingit“geometry”involvedusinga3Dprintertoproducedarkchocolateinvariousways.Ratherthancreatingaflat,solidpiece,themachineprinteditintoasimpleS-shape,orzigzaggedsuper-thinlayersback-and-forthseveraltimes,orintoincreasinglycomplicatedspirals(螺旋形).Theresultingpieceswerefedto10eagervolunteers.Itturnedoutthatthecrunchiest(最松脆的)—whileremainingeasytobite—wasthechocolateshapedintofairlycomplicatedspirals.Itwasalsothetoptastingexperience.Theresearchersalsousedamachinetocrackthevariousshapesandseewhichwasthecrunchiest.Plus,theyrecordedthesoundsofthecracking,becauseapleasurableeatingexperiencedoesn’tonlytakeplaceinthemouth,butcanbeaffectedbythenoisesinyourhead.Thegeneralwinnerremainedthatspiral.ⅠⅡⅢ“It’stooearlytosaywhetherchocolatewillsoonbemadedifferently,”Coulaissays.Heisworkingwithacoupleoforganizationstoseehowitmightbeappliedinmaterialsotherthanchocolate—onesthatmightbeusedinvehicles,forexample,tomakethemlessdangerouswhentheycrash.Understandingcrackingcouldmakelifesafer—incarsorairplanesorwearinghelmets.ItcouldalsomakethoseHalloweentreatseventastier.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了為了使巧克力更美味,研究人員將“幾何學”運用于巧克力,用3D打印機打印出各種形狀的巧克力。ⅠⅡⅢ1.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Bydiscussingacase.B.Bymakingaprediction.C.Bypresentingascene.D.Byexplainingaphenomenon.推理判斷題。根據第一段可知,文章開篇展示了一個場景,萬圣節即將到來,“不給糖就搗蛋!”的活動再次開始,孩子們將收集裝滿糖果的袋子,包括巧克力。接下來文章介紹了有關巧克力的話題,荷蘭的一組研究人員正在試驗一種方法,使巧克力比以往任何時候都更“美味”,由此可知,作者通過呈現一個場景來引出本文的主題。故選C項。√ⅠⅡⅢ2.Whatisthefunctionofthe3Dprinterusedintheexperiment?A.Toexplorethewaychocolatebreaks.B.Tocreatechocolateinvariousshapes.C.Toimprovethechocolatetastingexperience.D.Torecordthesoundsofchocolatecracking.細節理解題。根據第三段的“Giving

it

‘geometry’

involved

using

a

3D

printer

to

produce

dark

chocolate

in

various

ways...or

into

increasingly

complicated

spirals.”可知,使用3D打印機可以打印出各種形狀的巧克力,例如簡單的S形、Z字形或螺旋形巧克力。由此可知,實驗中使用的3D打印機的功能是創造各種形狀的巧克力。故選B項。√ⅠⅡⅢ3.WhatdoesCoulaismostexpectafterthestudy?A.TheattractionofHalloweentreats.B.Thechangeinchocolateproduction.C.Thegrowingawarenessofdrivingsafety.D.Theapplicationofthefindingsinotherfields.推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段內容“He

is

working

with

a

couple

of

organizations

to

see...for

example,to

make

them

less

dangerous

when

they

crash.”可知,Coulais致力于將研究結果應用于除巧克力以外的材料,使人們受益。由此可知,研究結束后,Coulais最期待的是這項研究結果在其他領域的應用。故選D項。√ⅠⅡⅢ4.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Geometrymakesatastierchocolate.B.Complicatedspiralsarethechampion.C.Aknowledgeofcrackingmattersalot.D.Thecrunchiestchocolateisnewlyborn.主旨大意題。通讀全文,結合第二段關鍵句“Corentin

Coulais,the

researcher

teaching

physics

at

the

University

of

Amsterdam

says,...which

would

then

change

the

way

it

breaks.”可知,本文講述了為了使巧克力更美味,研究人員將“幾何學”運用于巧克力,用3D打印機打印出各種形狀的巧克力。“Geometry

makes

a

tastier

chocolate”意為“幾何學制造出更美味的巧克力”,選項能夠概括文章主要內容。故選A項。√ⅠⅡⅢB(2023江蘇常州八校期中聯考)Microsoftwon’trenewthecontractsfordozensofnewsproductioncontractorsworkingatitsMSNwebsiteandplanstouseAItoreplacethem.Theroughly50employeeswereinformedthattheirserviceswouldnolongerbeneededbeyondJune30,butateamoffull-timejournalistswillremain.TheMicrosoftspokesmansaidinastatement,“Likeallcompanies,weanalyzeandmakejudgmentsonouractivitiesandservicesonaregularbasis.Thiscanresultinincreasedinvestmentinsomeplacesand,fromtimetotime,rearrangementinothers.Thesedecisionsarenottheresultofthecurrentpandemic.”ⅠⅡⅢMSNwilluseAItoreplacetheproductionworkitsjournalistshavebeendoing.Thatworkincludesusinganautomatedsystemtoidentifytrendingnewsstoriesfromdozensofpublishingpartnersandtohelpimprovethecontentbyrewritingheadlinesoraddingbetteraccompanyingphotographsorslideshows.“IspendallmytimereadingabouthowautomationandAIaregoingtotakeallourjobs—nowit’stakenmine,”oneoftheterminatedcontractorssaid.“Butwithfewerhumanbeingstomonitorthetechnology,AImaynotbefullyfamiliarwithstricteditorialguidelinesandcouldenduplettingthroughinappropriatestories.”ⅠⅡⅢMSNhasundergoneanumberofchangessinceitsLaunchasMicrosoftNetworkin1995.Onceitofferedtheoriginalcontentandlinkstonews,weatherandsports.In2013,itreducedtheoriginalnewscontentandbegancuttingemployees.By2014.itlaunchedaredesignedversionthatpartneredwithothernewssites—payingthemtoredistributetheircontent.Today,thenewsservicereliesentirelyonthosepartnershipswithnooriginalnewscontentofitsown.SelectingandeditingstoriesratherthanactuallygeneratingthemmadeiteasierforMSNtoincreasinglyrelyonanautomatededitingsystem.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了人工智能對微軟公司結構和工作性質的影響。ⅠⅡⅢ5.WhatishappeningatMicrosoft?A.Morepeoplearebeingemployedtodevelop.B.SomeworkersarebeingfiredandreplacedbyAI.C.RobotsarebeingusedtowritenewsreportsforMSN.D.ItissigningnewcontractswithsomeworkersatMSN.細節理解題。根據文章第一段以及第二段可知,微軟公司要用人工智能替代一些傳統員工,故選B項。√ⅠⅡⅢ6.WhatdoestheMicrosoftspokesmanmean?A.TheywillinvestmoreinAI.B.Theyfrequentlyexaminetheirbusiness.C.TheyprovidethebestservicesforInternetusers.D.Theyhavebeenbadlyinfluencedbythepandemic.推理判斷題。根據文章第三段可知,微軟發言人在一份聲明中表示,和所有公司一樣,他們會定期對他們的活動和服務進行分析和判斷。這可能導致在一些地方增加投資,在另一些地方不時地重新安排投資。由此可推斷,微軟發言人表示微軟會經常評估自己企業的狀態。故選B項。√ⅠⅡⅢ7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“terminated”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Scheduled.

B.Informed.C.Involved. D.Dismissed.詞義猜測題。根據文章第五段畫線詞上文“I

spend

all

my

time

reading

about

how

automation

and

AI

are

going

to

take

all

our

jobs—now

it’s

taken

mine”可知,這位員工被解雇了。所以terminated為“被解雇的”之意。故選D項。√ⅠⅡⅢ8.WhichbestdescribeshowMSNworksnow?A.Allitsnewsisproducedbyothernewssites.B.Othernewswebsitespayittouseitscontent.C.Theoriginalcontentisencouragedonitswebsite.D.Itspartnershelpitselectandeditnewsstories.細節理解題。根據文章第六段的“Today,the

news

service

relies

entirely

on

those

partnerships

with

no

original

news

content

of

its

own.Selecting

and

editing

stories

rather

than

actually

generating

them

made

it

easier

for

MSN

to

increasingly

rely

on

an

automated

editing

system.”可知,MSN的所有新聞都來自于別的新聞網站。故選A項。√ⅡⅢⅠⅡ.完形填空(2023山東煙臺高二下期中)OnceFrankandhisdaughterNovatookacross-countrydrivewiththeirdogBobbie.Duringastop,poorBobbiewas

1

byfiercelocaldogs.ThinkingBobbiewouldtakecareofhimselfasusual,Frankleftforthehotel

2

tofindBobbiereturntheretojointhem.

AfterhourswithoutBobbie,Frankgot

3

.SinceBobbieusedtorespondtothesoundofthecarhorn,Frankfirstdrove

4

allaround,honkingfrequentlyuntilmidnight.Bobbieneverappeared.Afteraweekof

5

andplacingnewspaperadvertisements,thefamilyhadtogiveupandstartdrivinghome.Fallturningtowinter,the

6

familyhadto

7

thefactthattheycouldnolongersharetheirhappinesswithbelovedBobbie.

ⅡⅢⅠSix

8

later,Novawaswalkingdownastreetwhenshe

9

atthesightofamessyandraggedlookingfigurewalkingoutofwoods.Hiseyeswerehalf-closedandredwith

10

,hisfe