Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 基礎知識講義 2022-2023學年高中英語人教版必修第一冊

【人教版2019】必修第一冊Unit3SportsandFitness基礎知識【課前檢查】單句語法填空1.Studentsasweare,weshouldapplywhatwehavelearnedinclass__________ourdailylife.2.Theairinthisplaceis________(extreme)coldandnothingcansurvivehere.3.Iwasnamed“KingofBasketball”ofourschoolandthetitlewasgiventome_______(official)onaceremonylastweek.4.Forum(論壇)isaplacewhereeverybodycanmakecomments__________everything.5.Itwilltakeaweekforyour___________(apply)tobeprocessed.6.Tomy_________(amaze),onlylessthanfivepeoplecameheretoattendthemeeting.7.Janeisquiteeasy________(recognize)becausesheistheonlyladywhowearsformaleveningdressinthehall.8.Wewillmakenecessary_________(arrange)forourguestsbeforetheyarrivetomorrow.9.Booksfromthenewlybuiltschoollibrarywillbeuseful________(source)ofinformationforus.10.Incaseyoucannotfindme,pleasecontactme______________0662045279.Keys:66.to67.extremely68.officially69.On70.application71.amazement72.torecognize73.arrangements74.sources75.at語法填空MynameisLihuawhoisnowstudyinginaSeniorhighschool.Ilovemynewschoolandclassmates.OvertheOctoberholiday,myparentsandIareplanningtogotoPeru____56____isacountryonthePacificcoastofSouthAmerica.Inthe1400sand1500s,Peruisthecenterofthe____57____(power)ancientIncaEmpire.Spaintookcontrol___58___thiscountryinthe16centuryand___59____(rule)until1821.ItisforthisreasonthatSpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.Weareplanningtospendfourdays___60____(travel)byboatinAmazonRainforestandthenanotherfourdayswalkingthroughtheAndesMountainstoanancientcity,MachuPicchu.LakeTiticacaisourlastdestinationwhichisfamous___61___its____62___(extreme)beautifulsightofthecountryside.We’dliketostaywithalocalfamilyonanislandforoneortwo____63___(day)andIbelievebothmyparentsandIwillhaveagoodtime.Ican’twait____64____(explore)this____65____(amaze)countrynow!Keys:61which\that62powerful63of64ruled65travelling66for67extremely68days69toexplore70amazing【問題查找】單句語法填空1.Iam________(stress)out,andIneedarelax.2.It'sluckythatithappenedhererather________ontheopenroad.3.Thesuccessor________(fail)oftheplandependsonyou.4.Havethe________(injure)intheaccidentbeentakentohospital?5.Henevercompareshimselfwithhistwinbrother,________he?6.I'vegot________(million)ofbeerbottlesinmycellar.7.Ourbodiesare________(strength)byexercise.Similarly,ourmindsaredevelopedbylearning.8.Trytofaceyourlifeandyourstudieswithcourageand________(determine).9.Even________weachievegreatsuccessinourwork,weshouldnotbeconceited.10.Whenhewasonlyaboy,hewasexpectedtobecomeaworld________(championship)byhiscoachandparents.Keys:1.stressed2.than3.failure4.injured5.does6.millions7.strengthened8.determination9.if/though10.champion【要點精講】【聽力材料積累】Wordsandphrasesaboutsporteventsathlete運動員 event比賽項目 stadium體育場gym健身房 skiing滑雪marathon馬拉松 track跑道 boxing拳擊（運動） badminton羽毛球運動soccer足球 gymnastics體操（訓練） fitness健康 host主辦workout鍛煉 comealong跟隨 trackandfield田徑Howtoinviteafriendtoasportevent?1.Wouldyouliketogotothesoccergame?2.Doyouwanttowatchtheboxingmatch?3.Whynotrunanexcitingmarathon?4.Howaboutwatchingbadmintonthisafternoon?重點單詞1.host[h?ust]①v.主辦，主持②n.主人，東道主【教材原句】Zhangjiakou,abeautifulcityinnorthernChina,willhosttheYouthSkiRaceinDecember.【高考真句】GuyHarvold,24,hadpickedupthestudentsandthreecourseleadersfromGatwickAirport,andtheyweretravellingtoBournemouthtomeettheirhostfamily.（2017浙江）【詞性拓展】hostessn.女主人【常見搭配】hostcountry東道國，主辦國【練一練】完成句子。2.sweat[swet]①vt.使出汗②vi.流汗③n.汗水【教材原句】Sweatyourwaytogoodhealth.badminton羽毛球運動soccer足球gymnastics體操（訓練）fitness健康host主辦workout鍛煉comealong跟隨trackandfield田徑1.The_____________mayimposeforeignexchangecontrol.東道國則可能強行實施外匯管制。2.The_____________welcomedherfriendsatthedoor.Keys:hostcountry;hostess2.sweat[swet]①vt.使出汗②vi.流汗③n.汗水【教材原句】Sweatyourwaytogoodhealth.【高考真句】Iwokeupsweatingandnervous,butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.(2018北京)Earnyourbreadwithyoursweat.(2016浙江)【詞性拓展】sweatern.毛線衣，運動衫sweatyadj.出汗的，吃力的【常見搭配】coldsweat冷汗【練一練】句子翻譯。___________________________________________________________________________她的手和脖子開始流汗。Key:Herhandsandherneckbegantosweat.3.honour[??n?(r)]n.榮譽，尊敬，榮幸【教材原句】Asaplayer,LangPingbroughthonourandglorytohercountry.【詞性拓展】n.榮譽；尊敬；榮幸Itisanhonour(forsb.)todosth.(對某人來說)做……是種榮幸havethehonourof(doing)sth.得到某殊榮，有幸做某事inhonourofsb.＝insb.'shonour為向某人表示敬意，為紀念某人vt.尊敬，尊重(某人)；給予(某人)榮譽be/feelhonouredthat...因……而感到榮幸be/feelhonoured(todosth.)(因做某事而)感到榮幸例如：Thegymwasnamedinhonorofthefirstchairman.Ifeelhonoredtohavethisopportunitytomakethisspeech.4.determination[di?t??mi?nei??n]n.決心，決定【教材原句】WhentheChineseteamwaspreparingforthe2015WorldCup,herdeterminationwastested.【高考真句】Whereheoncefeltlikegivingup,henowhasthedeterminationtopushfurtherandkeepongoing.(2015安徽)【詞性拓展】determinevt.&vi.(使)下決心，(使)做出決定determinedadj.堅定的，毅然的【常見搭配】thedeterminationtodosth.做某事的決心bedeterminedtodosth.決心做某事【練一練】請用determine,determined,determination填空。1.ThismadeHannahverysad,andevenmore_____________todosomthing.(2017北京)2.TheBaltic（波羅的海）peoplehavearightto_____________theirownfuture.3.Thefailureonlystrengthenedour_____________.Keys:1.determined;2.determine;3.determination5.injured[?ind??d]adj.受傷的，有傷的【教材原句】Oneofthebestplayershadbeeninjured,andtheteamcaptainhadtoleavebecauseofheartproblems.【高考真句】Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.【詞性拓展】injurevt.使受傷，損害injuryn.傷害，損害【常見搭配】beseriously/slightlyinjured受重/輕傷【知識擴展】wound/injure/hurt/harm辨析wound指外傷，如槍傷、刀傷、劍傷，尤指在戰(zhàn)斗中受傷。injure“損害；受傷”，指由于意外或事故而受傷，著重指容貌、機能的損壞。hurt指肉體上，也可指精神上的傷害。也可為“疼痛；痛苦；傷心”。harm肉體上，也可指精神上的傷害，可能會帶來不便。doharmto=beharmfulto【練一練】請用injury,injure,injured填空。1.Larrytoldherthathehadalreadyputoutthefireandsheshouldnotmoveincaseshe_____________heneck.2.Thesechemicalscomefromthe_____________partsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm.（2017全國卷）3.Asalways,youshouldstretch(伸展)atleasttenminutesbeforeeachruntoprevent_____________.=Keys:1.injured;2.injured;3.injuries6.strength[stre?θ]n.力量，體力【教材原句】Jordan’sskillswereimpressive,butthementalstrengththatheshowedmadehimunique.【高考真句】Itisanopportunitytobesocial,releaseendorphins(內啡肽),andimproveyourstrength.【詞性拓展】strengthenv.加強，鞏固【常見搭配】physicalstrength體力strengthentheawareness強化意識【練一練】句子翻譯。_____________________________________________________________我們應該定期鍛煉以增強體質。Key:Weshouldworkoutregularlytostrengthenourbody.7.compete[k?m?pi?t]vi.競爭，對抗【教材原句】Anathleteshouldthinkabouthonorandhisfansifheiscompetingforhiscountry.【高考真句】…suddenlymakingitpossibleforthelittleguystocompetewithlargefarmsofCalifornia.【詞性拓展】competitionn.競爭，比賽competitorn.競爭者，對手competitiveadj.競爭的，比賽的【常見搭配】competeinsth.參加某項比賽competewith/againstsb./sth.與……競爭competefor為……而競爭【練一練】請用competition,compete,competitor,competitive填空。1.Theywill_____________forprizestotallingnearly$3,000.2.Thewinnersofthe_____________willbeannounced（公布）nextmonth.3.Workinginsucha_____________industry,IhavesometimesthoughtIcan'tdothisanymore.4.Chinaisa_____________tothewestandAmericainparticular.Keys:1.compete;2.competition;3.competitive;4.competitor8.pretend[pri?tend]v.假裝，裝扮【教材原句】Asoccerpalyershouldnotpretendtofalldownevenifithelpshisteam.【高考真句】I’mnotsuggestingyouignoreproblems,orthatyoupretendthingsarebetterthantheyare.【常見搭配】pretendtodosth.假裝做某事sb.pretend(that)……某人假裝……【練一練】句子翻譯。_____________________________________________________他假裝開心，但是事實上他很難過。Key:Hepretendstobehappy,butactuallyheisverysad.9.diet[?dai?t]①n.日常飲食②vi.節(jié)食【教材原句】IworriedaboutmyweightandtryeverynewdietIreadaboutonline.【高考真句】Byeatingmorefastfood,peoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.【經典例句】She'salwaysdietingbutsheneverseemstoloseanyweight.她總是在節(jié)食，但體重好像并未減少。(牛津)【常見搭配】balancedandhealthydiet均衡健康飲食beonadiet節(jié)食【練一練】句子翻譯。_____________________________________________研究顯示，素食（vegetarian）是一種健康均衡的飲食。Key:Studiesshowthatvegetarianisahealthyandbalanceddiet.10.compare[k?m?pe?]v.比較，比喻【教材原句】Finally,Istoppedcomparingmyselfwithactressesandmodelsandlookingforthingsthatwerewrongwithmyfaceorbody.【高考真句】DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress(強調)hisimportanceinliterature.【經典例句】Shakespearecomparedtheworldtoastage.莎士比亞把人世比作舞臺?！驹~性拓展】comparisionn.比較，對照comparativeadj.比較(上)的【常見搭配】compareAwith/toB把A和B作比較compareAtoB把A比作B【練一練】句子翻譯。1.________________________________________________把他們的狀況與我們的相比很有意思。2._________________________________________________人們經常把小孩比喻成快樂的小鳥。Keys:1.Itisinterestingtocomparetheirsituationwithours.2.Childrenareoftencomparedtohappybirds.11.stressn.緊張;壓力vt.強調；重讀；使焦慮不安vi.焦慮不安【典型例句】She’sbeenunderalotofstresslately.Hecan’thelpeatingwhenstressedout.【詞性拓展】stressedadj.焦慮不安;心力交瘁stressfuladj.壓力重的；緊張的【常見搭配】understress在壓力之下underthestressof...在……的壓力下stressout焦慮不安，疲憊不堪l(fā)ay/put/placestresson...強調/重視stresstheimportanceof...強調……的重要性【練一練】句子翻譯我想要強調保護野生動物(wildlife)的重要性。_________________________________________________Key：Iwouldliketolay/put/placestressontheimportanceofwildlifeprotection.三、單元重點短語1.comealong跟隨；到達；進步；趕快【教材原句】Wouldyouliketocomealong?【短語拓展】comeacross偶然遇見comeabout發(fā)生comeout出來、出版comeupwith想出、提出cometooneself蘇醒；恢復知覺whenitcomesto(doing)sth.當談及(做)某事e.g.We’regoingtotown.Doyouwanttocomealong?Icameacrossafamousathleteonthestreet.Howdidthesituationcomeabout?EveryonewaswaitingforthenewHarryPotterbooktocomeout.We’vebeenaskedtocomeupwithsomenewideas.Whenhecametohimself,hefoundhimselflyinginhospital.He’sabitofanexpertwhenitcomestocomputers.2.giveup放棄；投降e.g.Heisadeterminedpersonwhowillnotgiveupeasily.【短語拓展】givein屈服；上交e.g.Isimplygaveintohim,andI'veregrettediteversince.giveout分發(fā)e.g.Theteacheraskedthemonitortogivethesebookout.giveaway贈送；泄露e.g.IgavemostofmybooksawaywhenIleftcollege.Shetriedtosmile,buthervoicegaveheraway.giveback歸還e.g.Thisisn’tyourmoney;youmustgiveitback.giveoff放出；散發(fā)出(液體、氣體、氣味、熱量、能量、光、聲音等)e.g.Thewoodgaveoffasweetsmellasitburned.【即時演練】(1)Theflowersasweetandpleasantsmell.A.giveback B.givein C.giveaway D.giveoff(2)Youshouldnevertodifficultiesthatyoumeetinstudy.A.giveup B.givein C.giveaway D.giveout(3)Thefamoussingerpromisedthatshewouldhalfofherincome(收入)oftheyeartohelpthedisabled.A.giveback B.givein C.giveaway D.giveoffKeys：DBC重點短語comealong跟隨，到達，進步，趕快 trackandfield田徑workout鍛煉，計算出，解決 makeit獲得成功，準時到達setanexample樹立榜樣 fallapart破裂，破碎，崩潰loseheart喪失信心，泄氣 giveup放棄，投降makesense有道理，合乎情理，表達清楚 pretendtodosth.假裝做某事evenif/though即使，雖然makeadifference有作用或影響ratherthan而不是cutout停止做（或使用、食用）；刪掉nowandthen有時，偶爾compare……with/to與……比較【練一練】選用上述短語完成句子。1.Wouldyouliketo__________________________?你想一起來嗎？2.Comeand__________________________atagym.Sweatyourwaytogoodhealth!來體育館鍛煉。用汗水浸濕你通往健康的路。3.Youcan__________________________.你能獲得成功。4.TheteamthatLangPinghadbuiltwas__________________________.郎平組建的隊伍正在瓦解。5.Losingtwoimportantplayerswasabigchallenge,butLangPingdidnot__________________________.失去兩個重要的隊員是一個大的挑戰(zhàn)，但是郎平沒有放棄。6.Ihavenoideaalettercould_____________such__________________________!我沒想到一封信能有如此大的影響！7.Istartedthinkingaboutfitness__________________________weight,thingsbegantochange.我開始考慮健康而不是體重，事情開始發(fā)生變化。8.Ratherthan__________________________thefoodsIenjoyed,Iaddedhealthyfoodstomymeal.不是停止吃我喜歡吃的食物，而是增加健康的食物到我的飲食中。9.Icouldstillhaveaburger_______________________________________,butIwouldaddasaladoranapple.我現(xiàn)在時不時還能吃漢堡，但是我會增加沙拉或者蘋果。10.Thatdoesn't_______________________________________.那沒有任何意義。11.Finally,Istopped_______________________________________actressesandmodelsandlookingforthingsthatwerewrongwithmyfaceorbody.最后，我不再和女演員或者模特比較，也不去尋找我臉上或者身體上的毛病了。Keys:1.comealong;2.workout;3.makeit;4.fallingapart;5.giveup;6.makeadifference;7.ratherthan;8.cuttingout;9.nowandthen;10.makeanysense;11.comparingmyselfwith語法（一）限制性定語從句【句子展示】①Theymustbeathleteswhoaremastersintheiraportsandalsosetgoodexamplesforothers.②TheteamthatLangPinghadbuiltwasfallingapart.③Theplayerwhobecameknownas"AirJordan"changedbasketballwithhisgracefulmovesandjumps.④Jordon'sskillswereimpressive,butthementalstrengththatheshowedmadehimunique.⑤TheBoysandGirlsClubwhichhestartedinChicagohasbeenhelpingyoungpeoplesince1996.【歸納總結】序號先行詞關系詞所充當成分①athleteswho主語②③④⑤在限制性定語從句中，當先行詞指人時，關系詞可以用that/who，在從句中充當主語或賓語，作賓語時可使用who的賓格形式whom；當先行詞指物時，關系詞可以用that/which，在從句中充當主語或賓語。Keys：Keys:②team;that;賓語③player;who;主語④mentalstrength;that;賓語⑤TheBoysandGirlsClub;which;賓語（二）附加疑問句【句子展示】①Thisisn'tyourfirstgamehere,isit?（肯定式陳述部分+否定附加疑問部分）②Youcomehereoften,don'tyou?（否定式陳述部分+肯定附加疑問部分）③Nobodysawhimwalkintotheroom,didthey?（含有否定詞的陳述部分+肯定附加疑問部分）④Comealongwithme,willyou?/canyou?/won'tyou?/can'tyou?（祈使句+附加疑問部分）【歸納總結】1.附加疑問句的組成：陳述部分+附加疑問部分。附加疑問部分一般由助動詞、be動詞或情態(tài)動詞和表示主語的代詞構成。前后遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原則。2.附加疑問句的問答與一般疑問句類似。如，---Davidhasbeentoaboxingmatch,hasn'the?---No,hehasn't.HealwayswatchesboxingonTV.【練一練】請補充附加疑問部分的內容。1.Lindaatenothingthismorning,_____________?2.Thereishardlyanymilkinthebottle,_____________?3.Everythingseemsallright,_____________?4.Let'sgotherebybus,_____________?5.Theycan'tfinishitbyFriday,_____________?Keys:1.didshe;2.isthere;3.doesit;4.shallwe;5.canthey【查漏補缺】根據(jù)首字母或者漢語意思完成句子。1.Lifeislikelongracewherewecan___________（競爭）withotherstogobeyondourselves.3.Theyoung___________(運動員)soonlefttheothersfarbehind.2.Whilesomepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess，othersaremotivatedbyfearoff___________.4.Ifwehavethecourageand___________（決心），wewillfinallygetthesunshinewewant.5.It'smyh___________tobeheretosharewithyoumyopinionsonwhattolearninseniorhighschool.6.Peoplemakingfriendsonlineareafraidofgetting___________（受騙的）7.Aspartofthehealthy___________（飲食），eatmorefruitsandvegetableseachday.8.IbelievethattheInternethasp___________effectsonourlives.9.Carelessnessoftenleaksto___________(錯誤，差錯).10.Wearethem___________ofourownfuture.11.Politicalpowerdependsoneconomical___________(實力).12.Theh___________filledtheguest'sglassesinturn.13.Hewassonervousthatsbegantopourdownhisface.14.Hewas___________(受傷的)inthefirstgameandunluckilymissedthefinal.15.I___________（假裝）thatthingsarereallyokaywhenthey'renot.16.Thisisoneofthebiggestfootball___________（體育館）intheworld.17.Howdoesyournewhousec___________withyouroldone?18.Somepeoplewillgainweight,nomatterhowhardtheytrytobes___________.19.Thingscaneasilygowrongwhenpeopleareunder___________(壓力).Keys:1.compete;2.failure;3.athlete4.determination;5.honor;6.cheated;7.diet;8.positive;9.errors;10.master;11.strength;12.host;13.sweat;14.injured;15.pretend;16.stadiums17.compare；18.slim;19.stress;【梳理優(yōu)化】單元重點詞匯詞性轉換1.fitnessn.健壯;健康;適合→fitv.適合；合身adj.健壯的;適合的2.skivi.滑雪adj.滑雪的→skiingn.滑雪運動3.hostn.主人;東道主;節(jié)目主持人v.主辦，主持→hostessn.女主人；女主持人4.gymn.健身房;體育館→gymnasticsn.體操;體操訓練5.gloryn.榮譽;光榮;贊美→gloriousadj.值得稱道的;光榮的;榮耀的;壯麗的6.championn.冠軍；優(yōu)勝者→championshipn.錦標賽;冠軍賽；冠軍稱號7.determinev.決定→determinedadj.堅定的;堅決的;果斷的→determinationn.決心；決定8.injurev.使受傷;損害→injuredadj.受傷的;有傷的→injuryn.傷害，損傷9.gracen.優(yōu)美;優(yōu)雅→gracefuladj.優(yōu)美的;優(yōu)雅的10.strongadj.強壯的→strengthn.體力；力量→strengthenv.加強;增強11.failv.失敗;未能(做到)；不及格→failuren.失敗;失敗的人(或事物)12.competev.競爭;對抗→competitorn.競爭者；對手→competitionn.競爭;比賽;競賽→competitiveadj.有競爭力的13.positiveadj.積極的；下面的；樂觀的;肯定的→negativeadj.消極的;負面的;缺乏熱情的;否定的14.stressn.緊張;壓力vt.強調；重讀；使焦慮不安vi.焦慮不安→stressedadj.焦慮不安;心力交瘁→stressfuladj.壓力重的；緊張的【強化鞏固】單句語法填空1.Heisreally________________(determine)tostophisbadhabitsandgetfit.2.Theworker________________(injury)himselfattheconstructionsite.3.Shetrainseverydayto________________(strength)herarms.4.Theyaredoingexercisestoimprovetheir________________(fit).5.Therocketlaunch（發(fā)射）wasa________________(fail)becauseofbadweather.6.Shedanced__________(graceful)inthedancingpartylastnight..7.Theprizeforthewinnerofthe__________(compete)isatwo-weekholidayinParis.8.Trafficaccidentshappennow__________theninourdailylife.9.Westudentsshouldbepositive__________ourstudy.10.YuanLongping__________(honor)as“FatherofHybridRice”.11.Heisusedto________(get)upearlytoreadEnglishinthemorning.12.Youshouldgetmoreexerciseto________(strong)yourmuscles.13.________(compare)tomysister,Igrowtallmorequicklythanher.14.Itwashis__________(determine)thatgothimintoamedicalschool.15.Myleftfootwas__________(injury)inthefootballgameyesterday。Keys:1.determined；2.injured；3.strengthen；4.fitness；5.failure；6.gracefully7.competition8.and9.about10.ishonored11.getting12.strengthen13.Compared14.determination15.injured單句翻譯1.他算出了黑板上那道數(shù)學題。________________________________________________________________________2.無論有多困難，終有一天我會成功。________________________________________________________________________.3.買那件昂貴的大衣毫無意義。________________________________________________________________________4.換學校對我的人生產生了很大的影響。________________________________________________________________________5.即使你很聰明,也得努力學習。________________________________________________________________________Keys:1.Heworkedoutthemathproblemontheblackboard.2.Nomatterhowharditis,Iwillmakeitoneday.3.Itdoesn'tmakesensetobuythatexpensivecoat.4.Changingschoolsmadeabigdifferencetomylife5.Youhavetostudyhardevenifyouareveryclever.【課后練習】閱讀理解ARockclimbingisnotjustforgrown-ups.Yourchildrencanalsoenjoythisfun-filledactivityaswellasgettingitsadvantages.Asidefromitsheart-healthbenefit,itisalsoknowntoincreasetheirself-confidenceandesteem(尊重).Whileitmaynotbeanimpromptu(即興的)activitylikerunningorbiking,therearemanyclimbingwallsthatarenowavailable,especiallywiththedevelopmentoffitnesscentersandcamps.Thegreatthingabouthavingyourkidsjointheseactivitiesisthatitfollowsupontheirnaturalquality.Asyouknow,childrenarenaturalclimbers.Youcanseethemgoingupontreesorclimbingtallladders.Withrockclimbing,youcansatisfytheirurgestobeaclimber.What’smore,itisfairlyeasyforthekidscomparedwithadults.Withahighstrength-to-weightrate,theyhavelessbodyweighttopullup,andtheyaremoreflexible(靈活的).Itisalsoalow-impactworkoutthattestsyourchildren’sendurance(耐性).It’seasyontheirjoints(關節(jié))astheyburnenergyduringtheirascent.Inaddition,climbingwallsarelikegiantpuzzlesbeggingtobesolved.Notonlydoesittestthephysicalaspectsofyourchildren’sdevelopment,butitalsowakestheirmentalabilities.Thisexercisealsohelpsdevelopyourchildren’sessentialstrengthandflexibility.Kidsarechallengedphysicallyastheypull,lift,stretch,andtwisttheirwayup.Thisactivityalsodevelopstheireye-handcoordination(協(xié)調)astheyperformtheirclimb.Almostanyonecandoitalthoughitmayvaryinskilllevel,namelybeginner,intermediate,oradvanced.Butdespiteitsreputationasanextremesport,childrencandothis.Onedoesnotneedtobesuper-fittojoinarockclimbingclass.However,goodtechniqueismorenecessarythanstrengthwhendoingthissport.4.Whenitcomestoclimbing,comparedwithchildren,adults______.A.finditmucheasier B.mustbearmorebodyweightC.haveahigherweight-to-strengthrate D.followupmoreontheirnaturalquality5.Theunderlinedword“ascent”inParagraph4canbereplacedby“______”.A.test B.climb C.challenge D.improvement6.Whatmaythenextparagraphtalkaboutafterthispassage?A.Whattechniquechildrenneedtoclimbrocks. B.Whatmoreadvantagesclimbinghasforchildren.C.Howmuchstrengthpeopleneedtoclimbrocks. D.Whattrainingclassestherearetoteachchildren.Keys:4-6BBA【解析】本文為一篇說明文。介紹了孩子攀巖的好處。4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“What’smore,itisfairlyeasyforthekidscomparedwithadults.Withahighstrength-to-weightrate,theyhavelessbodyweighttopullup,andtheyaremoreflexible(靈活的).”可知，孩子們重量強度比比成年人高，攀爬時承受更小的體重，因此成年人攀巖時需要承受更大的體重。故選B項。5.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段后文“Inaddition,climbingwallsarelikegiantpuzzlesbeggingtobesolved.”可知，前句也在描述攀爬，故猜測“ascent”與“climb”為“攀巖”。故選B項。6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一句“However,goodtechniqueismorenecessarythanstrengthwhendoingthissport.”可知接下來要講technique。故選A項。BCanyouimagineprintingfood?Somescientistsaretryingtorevolutionize（變革）thediningexperiencebydoingthis.Theyhopethathavinga3Dprinterinthekitchenwillbecomeascommonplace（平常的）asthemicrowave.Scientistssaythattheyareeasytouse:yousimplyhavetochoosearecipe（菜譜）andputtherawfood"inks"intotheprinter.Youcanalsochangetheinstructionstomakethefoodexactlyhowyouwantit.Thismeansthatitwouldbeveryquickandeasytocreatetastyandnutritious（有營養(yǎng)的）meals.Theysaythatifpeopleused3Dprinterstocreatemealstherewouldbelessneedfortraditionalgrowing,transportingandpackagingprocessesasfoodproductionwouldbealoteasier.Forexample,ingredients(原料)suchasproteinsfrominsectscouldbechangedintotastyproducts.Andasisknown,thosetraditionalactivitiesarenotbeneficialtoourenvironment.Thistechnologycouldalsohelppeoplewhosufferfromdysphagia(吞咽困難).Thepatientscouldprogram（給……編寫程序）theprinterandsofterversionswouldbemadesothattheywouldnothavetroubleswallowing（吞咽）them.However,somepeoplethinkthatusing3D-printedfoodswouldbeadisaster.Itcouldtakeawaymanyjobs,includingthoseforgrowing,transportingandpackagingfood.Imagineaworldwheretherewasnoneedforfarmingorgrowingcropsandthesametastescouldbeprintedfromaraw"foodink".Likewise,traditionalcafesandrestaurantsmightlosebusiness.Also,thereareconcernsaboutthenutritionalvalueofprintedfood:isitreallypossibletogetthenutrientsweneedfromfood-basedinks?What'smore,cookingandeatingtogetherwithfamilyandfriendshaslongbeenatraditionalandenjoyableactivity.Itishardtoimagineaworldwherethepastimeofcookingisdeadandmealscanbecreatedatthetouchofabutton.1.Whatdoscientiststhinkof3Dfoodprinting?A.Itischeaptouseit. B.Itisenvironment-friendly.C.Itisadvancingquickly. D.Itneedsimproving.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“softerversions”inParagraph3referto?A.Theprintedfoods. B.Theirfavoritefoods.C.Themorenutritiousfoods. D.Themoretastyfoods.3.WhatcanweinferabouttheprintedfoodsfromParagraph4?A.Theirraw"foodinks"aremorenutritional. B.Peoplewouldgetmorejobsproducedbythem.C.Peopleneedmoreevidenceabouttheirnutrition. D.Theywouldbeboughtintraditionalrestaurants.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Thegrowthof3Dfoodprinting B.Thefutureof3DfoodprintingC.The3Dfoodprintingbusiness D.Thetwosidesof3DfoodprintingKeys:BACD完形填空IhaveplayedsoccerandothersportssinceIwasabout5yearsold.WhenIwasyounger,IthoughtIwouldbeableto41.______doingallthesportsIloveintomyteenyears.ThenI42.______thatonceyougetintohighschool,youhavetojust43.______asportascoachesrequireprettymuchtrainingintheoffseason(比賽淡季).Ifyouaredoingthreetofivedaysof44.______aweek,thisleaveslittle45.______forotheractivities.Andthatone46.______thenturnsintoayear-longcommitment(投入).WhenIdecidedtoplaysocceryear-round,wewere47.______fivedaysaweek,andwehadgamesontheweekends.Afteraboutthreemonthsofthis,Iexperiencedakneeoveruse48.______.Fourotherplayershadkneeinjuriesaswell.Wehadworkedso49.______forsolong,andthenwewentdirectlyintoclubsoccerintheoffseason.Therewasnevera50.______!Thisinjuryreallypushedme51.______,andIstayedathomeforeightweeks.Becauseofthis,I52.______soccertraining.Ialso53.______totakepartinmanyactivitieswhileplaying.54.______wideningmysocialcircleandjoiningsomeclubs,Iamonthefield.Butevenwiththese55.______,Istillkeepplayingsocceryear-round.Itisanenjoyableexperiencethatreallyliftsmyspirits.41.A.avoid B.continue C.finish D.risk42.A.remembered B.realized C.imagined D.regretted43.A.change B.prepare C.stop D.choose44.A.work B.games C.training D.tours45.A.space B.money C.room D.surprise46.A.sport B.club C.plan D.spirit47.A.competing B.trying C.running D.practicing48.A.class B.injury C.program D.treatment49.A.well B.far C.hard D.fast50.A.break B.test C.point D.season51.A.around B.back C.through D.forward52.A.lookedoutfor B.gavewayto C.tookcareof D.missedouton53.A.fail B.start C.refuse D.offer54.A.Becauseof B.Exceptfor C.Insteadof D.Alongwith55.A.values B.rules C.disadvantages D.expectationsKeys:主題語境：人與自我——生活與學習本文是記敘文。作者一整年都在踢足球，雖然辛苦，但他依然堅持，永不言棄。41.B。由上文中的IhaveplayedsoccerandothersportssinceIwasabout5yearsold和下文中介紹“我”思想的轉變可知，本空所在句描述的是“我”曾經的想法——以為自己到了青少年時期仍然會“一直（continue）”進行自己所有喜歡的運動。42.B。本空所在句與上句在語義上是轉折關系。根據(jù)語境可知，這里表達的是“我”進入到高中以后，對體育運動有了新的認識，故這里需要填一個