高中英語選擇性必修三Unit 2 重點(diǎn)單詞及作文

Unit2HealthyLifestyle

一、核心單詞

1.physicaladj.身體的；客觀存在的；物理的8.examinev.仔細(xì)檢查；審查；測(cè)驗(yàn)

physicsn.物理examinationn.考試，檢查

physicallyadv.身體上；體格上examinefor檢查，查找

physiciann.醫(yī)師；內(nèi)科醫(yī)生

physicalandmentalhealth身心健康9.ncgativcadj.消極的；有害的；否定的

benegativeabout對(duì)…持否定態(tài)度

2.dominatevt.&vi.支配；控制；占有優(yōu)勢(shì)haveanegativeeffecton對(duì)…有消極影響

dominationn.控制；影響

dominatingadj.主要的；獨(dú)裁的；有影響力lO.pessimisticadj.悲觀的；悲觀主義的

的pessimisticallyadv.悲觀地

dominatinglyadv.有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作風(fēng)地；獨(dú)裁地pessimismn.悲觀；悲觀主義者

dominatingfigure主要人物；強(qiáng)勢(shì)人物pessimistn.悲觀主義

dominatingfactor主導(dǎo)因素optimisticadj.樂觀的

optimisticallyadv.樂觀地

3.repeatedlyadv.重復(fù)地optimismn.樂觀主義

repeatv.重復(fù)說（或?qū)懀褐貜?fù)做：重播（節(jié)目）optimistn.樂觀主義者

repeatedadj.重復(fù)的

repetitionn.重復(fù)11.makeupone'smind下定決心

makeupone'smindtodosth卜定決心做某事

4.inresponseto回答；答復(fù)makeup編造；化妝；和好；組成

responsen.回答；響應(yīng)makeupfor彌補(bǔ)；補(bǔ)償

respondv.回答；響應(yīng)；作出反應(yīng)changeone'smind改變主意

makeapositiveresponseto對(duì)…作出積極的fixone'smindonsth專心于某事

回應(yīng)

respondto對(duì)…作出回應(yīng)12.becomposedof***由..組成

becomposedof=bemadeupof=consistof

5.rewardn.回報(bào)；獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；報(bào)酬

v.獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；獎(jiǎng)賞；給以報(bào)酬13.consultantn.顧問；高級(jí)顧問醫(yī)師

rewardingadj.值得的;有益的；有意義的consultv.咨詢；商議；查閱

rewardsb.forsth.因某事獎(jiǎng)賞某人consultsb.about/onsth.就某事咨詢某人

=givearewardtosb.forsth.consultwithsb.與某人協(xié)商

rewardsb.withsth.用某物獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)/回報(bào)某人consultadictionary查閱詞典

inrewardfor作為對(duì)…的回報(bào)

asarewardfor作為對(duì)…的獎(jiǎng)賞14.skipv.跳過；不參加；蹦蹦跳跳

n.蹦跳

6.relyon依賴；依靠；信賴skip-skipped-skipped-skipping

reliableadj.可信賴的；可靠的goskipping去跳繩

relyon/uponsb./sthforsth..依靠某人/某物獲skipagrade跳級(jí)

得靠物skipbreakfast不吃早飯

relyonsb.todosth.指望某人做某事skipschool/class逃學(xué)/逃課

relyonitthat---相信...；指望....skipover略過;遺漏

7.facilitatev.促進(jìn)；促使；使便利15.stimulatev.促進(jìn)；激發(fā)；刺激

facilityn.設(shè)施；設(shè)備stimulatingadj.激勵(lì)人的；振奮人心的

publicfacilities公共設(shè)施stimulationn.激勵(lì)；興奮

stimulatesb.todosth促使/促進(jìn)某人

做某事

stimulateone*sinterestinsth.激發(fā)某人對(duì)…

的興趣

16.stressedout焦慮不安；心力交瘁

relieve/reducestress緩解壓力

sufferfrom/dealwithstress承受/應(yīng)對(duì)壓力

lay/put/placestresson/upon強(qiáng)調(diào)；著重于

stresstheimportanceof強(qiáng)調(diào)....的重要

性

17.wornout筋疲力盡的；疲憊的

wear-wore-worn

wearout穿舊；穿破；磨破；磨損；

使某人疲憊不堪

bewornout=betiredout疲倦的；困乏的；

磨頂?shù)?；破爛的

wearaway逐漸磨損；腐蝕已凹痕

wearoff逐漸減弱；漸漸消失

18.absorbvt.吸引全部注意力；吸收

absorbsth.吸收某物

absorb/attract/drawone'sattention吸引某人

的注意

beabsorbedby…被...吸收/吞并

beabsorbedinsth.專心致志于某物

集中注意力于：concentrateon;focuson;pay

attentionto;putone'sheartinto;bedevotedto;

beburiedin;belostin

二、主題寫作…健康

假設(shè)你是李華，打算給學(xué)校報(bào)社編輯寫信投稿，呼吁同學(xué)們加強(qiáng)體育鍛煉，

注重身體健康。

寫作要點(diǎn)：1.身體健康的重要性；2.運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)大家的好處；3.你的建議。

DearEditor,

I'mwritingtosharemyopinionsabouttheimportanceofhealth.

Goodhealthisveryimpoitanttoeveryone.Ahealthypersoncanalwaysbe

energeticandenjoyhislife.Apersonwhoisinpoorhealthcannotworkwell.Whenit

comestokeepinghealthy,playingsportsenjoyswidespreadpopularityamongpeople.

Ashighschoolstudents,wemuststudyhardandtakemanyimportantexams,which

maymakemanystudentsfeelnervous.Soit'snecessarytotakeexerciseregularlyto

helpreleasestress.Physicalexercisecanhelpmakemusclesstrong.What'smore,

whileplaying,wegetrelaxed,whichcanhelpusstudymoreefficiently.

Sincesportscanmakeusphysicallyandmentallyhealthy,weshoulddosports

everydaynomatterhowbusyweare.Dorememberthatgoodhealthisthebest

wealth.

Yours,

LiHua

UNIT2單元提能強(qiáng)化練

I.閱讀理解

A

Whenhomeworkandtestskeepyouuplateatnight,youmayplantomakeupforyourlost

sleepduringtheweekends.Butisituseful?

AstudypublishedinthejournalCurrentBiologyshowsthatthehabitofsleepinginon

weekendsdoesn'tfixthedamagethathasbeendonebyalackofsleepduringtheweek.Even

worse,i（maydamageyourhealth.

Inthestudy,whichwasconductedover10days,36healthyyoungmenandwomenwith

differentsleeprequirementsweredividedintothreegroups.Thefirstgroupwereaskedtosleep

ninehoursanightand（hesecondgroupfivehoursanight.Themembersof（hethirdgroupslept

forfivehoursonweekdaysbutrestedaslongastheywantedontheweekend.

Theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewholackedsleepatemoresnacksandgainedweight

quickly.However.lhiswasn'tthecaseforthefirstgroup.

Thatcouldbepartiallyduetotheshiftingofthebiologicalclockandchangestocertainbody

hormones,especiallyhungerhormones.Inordertocatchupontheirsleepduringweekends,people

inthethirdgroupwouldeatlaterasahabit.Sotheirbiologicalclocksshifted,whichalsochanged

theproductionofhungerhormones.

“Thehormoneleptin（瘦素）decreasesappetite（胃口）,whilethehormoneghrelin（胃饑餓素）

increasesappetite,explainedUSresearcherVsevolodPolotsky.^Slccpshortagecausestheleptin

todropandtheghrelintorise,soyou'rehungryandeatmore.”

Andeveniftheytriedtosleepfbraslongastheywantedtoduringweekends,accordingto

researchers.itwasstillnotenoughbecausetheyfounditdifficulttofallasleep.

Moreover,shortandinsufficientsleepscheduleswillleadtoaninabilitytochangeblood

sugarandincreasetheriskofmeiabolic（新陳代謝）diseasein（helongterm.

1.Whatdoweknowaboutthestudy?

A.Participantsweredividedintotwogroups.

B.Researchersstudied36childrenandadults.

C.Itlastedformore（hantwoweeks.

D.Eachgroupfollowdifferentsleeprequirements.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shifting''inparagraph5probablymean?

A.Increasing.B.Lacking.

C.Changing.D.Shortening.

3.Whymaypeoplewithoutenoughsleepeatmore?

A.Theyneedtocreatemoreenergy.

B.Thereislessleptinintheirbodies.

C.Theyhavealowerbloodsugar.

D.Theirbodiesproducelesshormones.

4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthispassage?

A.AppetiteAffectsOurSleepQuality

B.SleepinginCausesWeightLoss

C.CatchinguponSleepHannsOurBody

D.McnandWomenSleepDifferently

B

（新高考全國H卷）

Turningsoil.pullingweeds,andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkformiddleand

highschoolkids.Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrban

Sprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudents

developscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.

Jaramillo'sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswherefreshfoodandgreenspacearcnoteasyto

findandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores.llTliekidsliterallycometoschoolwith

bagsofsnacksandlargebottlesofsoftdrinks/'shesays."Theycometousthinkingvegetablesare

awful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.''Thoughsomeareini:iallyscaredoftheinsectsandturned

offbythedirtjnostareeagertotrysomethingnew.

UrbanSprouts'classes,attwomiddleschoolsandtwohighschools,includehands-on

experimentssuchassoiltesting,flower-and-seeddissection,（aslingsoffreshordriedproduce,and

workinthegarden.Sevemltimesayear,studentscookthevegetablestheygrow,andthey

occasionallymakesaladsfortheirentireschools.

Programevaluationsshowthatkidseatmorevegetablesasaresultoftheclasses."Wehave

studentswhosaytheywenthomeandtalkedtotheirparentsandnowthey'reeatingdifferently,''

Jaramillosays.

Sheaddsthattheprogram'sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedin

gardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthe

gardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo'sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhom

haveemotionalcontrolissu已s.'Theygeloutside,^^shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful.”

5.WhatdoweknowaboutAbbyJaramillo?

A.Sheusedtobeahealthworker.

B.Shegrewupinalow-incomefamily.

C.Shcownsafastfoodrestaurant.

D.SheisaninitiatorofUrbanSprouts.

6.WhalwasaproblemfacingJaramilloatthestartoftheprogram?

A.Thckids'parentsdistrustedher.

B.Studentshadlittletimeforherclasses.

C.Somekidsdislikedgardenwork.

D.Thcrcwasnospaceforschoolgardens.

7.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?

A.Far-reaching.B.Predictable.

C.Short-livcd.D.Unidcntifiable.

8.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.RescuingSchoolGardens

B.ExperiencingCountryLife

C.GrowingVegetableLovers

D.ChangingLocalLandscape

H.完形填空

(新高考全國II卷)

InAprillastyear,IsawapostonthePNP(PilotsNPaws)websitefromafamilyin

Topeka.TheyhadtomovetoVirginiabut(heywereonaverylightI.Theycouldnotafford

topayfor2fortheirdog,Tiffy,and3wantedtotakeherwiththem.

Itjust4thatIwasplanninganotherPNPflighlwithanotherpiloi,Karen,who5to

takeTiffyfromKansasCitytoVirginia.WhatIwastodowasflytoTopekato6Tiffy.

WhenImetTiffy'sownersjheyseemedvery7.Gcorgc,thchusband,wastryingtobe

calm,butIcouldtellthiswas8forhim,havingtoleavehisdogtoa9andtrustthat

everythingwould10.

Aftersomegoodbyes,!askedGeorgeandhiswifetohelpme11Tiffyintothep'ane.I

promisedtotakecareofTiftyand12themassoonaswegottoKansasCity.

Theflightwas13,andTiffywasagreatpassenger.Thenextday,she14withKaren

andmadei(backtoGeorgeinVirginiawithinafewdays.Hewasso15andsentmeanice

e-mailwithpiclures.ltfeltgreattoknowthatIhadhelpedbringthisfamilytogetheragain.

1.A.turnB.budget

C.schcdulc□.connection

2.A.foodB.shelter

C.medicine0.transportation

3.A.desperatelyB.temporarily

C.secretlyD.originally

4.A.appearedB.proved

C.happcncdD.showcd

5.A.waitedB.offered

C.hurriedD.failed

6.A.sccoffB.lookfor

C.handoverD.pickup

7.A.confusedB.nervous

C.annoyedD.curious

8.A.hardB.fine

C.commonD.lucky

9.A.coworkerB.passenger

C.stranger□.neighbor

10.A.speedupB.workout

C.coniebackD.takeoff

11.A.feedB.follow

C.changeD.load

U.A.callB.join

C.leaveD.serve

13.A.unnecessaryB.unexpected

C.unavoidableD.uneventful

14.A.returnedB.fought

C.flewD.agreed

15.A.lhankfulB.generous

C.proud0.sympathetic

in.讀后續(xù)寫

閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文.

（重慶主城區(qū)高二七校聯(lián)考）

AnHonestMistake

Alicedouble-checkedthewordsonherspellingtest.Ifshegotl(X)percenttoday,she'dwin

herclass'sFirst-QuarterSpellingChallengeandabrand-newdictionarythatcamewithvideosand

othercoolstuff.Plus,Lisahadpromisedtodoahandstandifanyonegotaperfectscore.

Threemorewordstogo.n-i-c-e-l-y.q-u-i-u-k-l-y.h-o-n-e-s-l-y.Wail!She'dspelled

“honesty”,not“honestly”!Shehurriedlyerasedthet-yandwrotel-ybeforehandinginherpaper.

'Tilcorrectandgradethesetestpapersatthebreak,“saidLisa.Alicchurriedintothe

classroom.Shesatrestlesslyinherseatwithherfingerscrossed.ThenLisawalkedtothefrontof

（heroomandclearedherthroat.

^Congratulations,Alice!Youdidsheannounccd.Thcwholeclassburstintoapplause!Lisa

presentedAlicewithherprizc./Xliccgrinned（咧嘴笑）asshereadthelabelonthebox:7bAlice

Carterfarherperfectfirst-quarterscoreinspelling.

“IseverythingOK?”MomaskedasAliceburstthroughthefrontdoorafter

school.^Everythingisperfect!^^Aliceshouied,showingMomherspellingtestpaperand

prize.Momhuggedher."PutthetestonthefridgesoDadcanseeitwhenhegetshome.And

Casper,too.nAlicescooped：抱起）uphercat.uCasper,canyouspellnicely,quicklyandhonestly?^^

Alice'sheartmissedabeatsuddenly.“Honestly?”H-O-N-E-S-L-Y!

“Alice,what'sthematter?^^saidMom.”don,tfeelsogood,“Alicesaid.puttingCasperdown

andstuffingthetestpaperintoherbackpack.t4Probablytoomuchexcitement."Momrubbedher

back.“Howaboutsomelea?”Aliceswallowed,“Howdidyouknow?A*（'isexactly認(rèn)hatI

needed.”

注意：

1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好。

Shortlyafterwards,Alicedashedintoherroomandpulledoutthetestpaper.

AlicepushedopenthedoorofLisa'soffice.__________________________________________

參考答案

UNIT2

單元提能強(qiáng)化練

i.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了發(fā)表在《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》雜志上的一

項(xiàng)研究表明，周末睡懶覺的習(xí)慣并不能彌補(bǔ)工作日睡眠不足造成的損害。更糟糕的是，它

可能會(huì)損害你的健康。

1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thefirstgroupwereaskedtosleepninehoursa

nightandthesecondgroupfivehoursanight.Thcmembersofthethirdgroupsleptforfive

hoursonweekdaysbutrestedaslongastheywantedontheweekend.”可知,參與的三組人員

的睡眠要求不一樣。

2.C詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文中”...changestocertainbodyhormones,especiallyhunger

hormones.”可知，某些身體荷爾蒙的變化,尤其是饑餓荷爾蒙。結(jié)合and,可以推測(cè),此處與

下文在意義上為并列關(guān)系，曲線詞應(yīng)與changes意思相近,所以此處指生物鐘的改變。

3.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后一句"Sleepshortagecausestheleplintodrop

andtheghrelintorise,soyou'rehungryandeatmore.”可知，睡眠不足導(dǎo)致瘦素下降，饑餓激

素上升，所以你會(huì)餓，吃得更多。

4.C主旨大意題。研究表明，周末睡懶覺的習(xí)慣并不能彌補(bǔ)工作日睡眠不足造成的

損害。更糟糕的是，它可能會(huì)損害你的健康。C項(xiàng)可作為文章的標(biāo)題。

【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了AbbyJaramillo發(fā)起了一個(gè)名叫

“UrbanSprouls”的學(xué)校園藝項(xiàng)目的目的和對(duì)學(xué)生產(chǎn)生的積極影響。

5.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句"Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowith

anotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramat...”可知,AbbyJaramillo是

UrbanSprouts這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的發(fā)起人。

6.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句"Theycometousthinkingvegetablesare

awful,diitisawful,insectsaieawful.”可知,AbbyJaiamiHo遇到的問題是一些孩子覺得蔬

菜、泥土和昆蟲是糟糕的,由此推斷出他們不喜歡園藝工作。

7.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知,這個(gè)項(xiàng)目不僅為學(xué)生們提供了營養(yǎng)價(jià)值，還讓

更多的學(xué)生對(duì)園藝感興趣,同時(shí)也幫助了那些有情緒控制問題的學(xué)生。由此可知，該項(xiàng)目

的影響是深遠(yuǎn)的。

8.B標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了AbbyJaramillo等老師在低收入

學(xué)校發(fā)起的培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)能力、環(huán)保意識(shí)以及健康生活方式的“UrbanSprouls”園藝項(xiàng)目，

讓學(xué)生體臉鄉(xiāng)村生活，對(duì)學(xué)生影響深遠(yuǎn)。由此可知,B項(xiàng)“體臉鄉(xiāng)村生活''符合文意,最適合

作為本文標(biāo)題。

H.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者從PilotsNPaws網(wǎng)站上看到

一個(gè)帖子后，和另一名飛行員用飛機(jī)幫助一家人將他們的狗從托皮卡接到弗吉尼亞的故

事。

1.B根據(jù)“Theycouldnotaffordtopayforfortheirdog,Tiffy...”可知,這個(gè)家

庭的預(yù)算(budget)非常緊張。

2.D根據(jù)'TheyhadtomovetoVirginiabuttheywereonaverytight____."及下文

語境可知，這個(gè)家庭的預(yù)算非常緊張，所以付不起他們的狗Tiffy的交通費(fèi)(嬴而nation)。

3.A根據(jù)”...wantedtotakeherwiththem.“可知，這家人非常(desperately)想把狗一起

帶走。

4.C根據(jù)“1wasplanninganotherPNPflightwi:hanotherpilot,Karen...”可知，碰巧

(happened)作者和另一名飛行員正在計(jì)劃另一次PNP飛行。

5.B根據(jù)”...totakeTiffyfromKansasCitytoVirginia.”可知,Karen主動(dòng)提出(offered)

幫忙把狗Tiffy從堪薩斯城帶到弗吉尼亞。

6.D根據(jù)“Whal1wastodowasflytoTopeka...’'和常識(shí)可知，作者需要飛到托皮卡去

接(pickup)Tiffyo

7.B根據(jù)"George,thehusband,wastryingtobecalm...”可知,這家人看起來很緊張

(nervous)o

8.A根據(jù)上文”...wastryingtobecalm..."以及下文”...havingtoleavehisdogtoa

and...”可知，把狗留