Unit8 Make a difference SectionA 知識清單-2025-2026學年人教版八年級英語下冊

八下Unit8MakeadifferenceSectionA

單詞音標詞性詞義詞形變化/拓展

volunteer/,VDhn'(Ia(r)/n./v.志愿者；自愿做volunteertodosth.自愿做某事

visitor/'vizito(r)/n.參觀者；來訪者visitv./n.參觀；拜訪

elderly/'eldali/adj.年紀較大的；上了年紀的theelderly老年人（復數概念,無比較級）

organization/,□：gonai'zeiJn/n.組織；團體；機構organizev.組織

donation/dsu'neifn/n.捐贈物；捐贈donatev.捐贈;贈送

shelter/'Jclto(r)/n.庇護所；居所animalshelter動物收容所

youtii/ju：6/n.青年；青年時期youngadj.年輕的

active/'sektiv/adj.活躍的；積極的activityn.活動；actv.行動

owner/'auna(r)/n.主人；物主ownv./adj.擁有；自己的

warmly/'wo:mli/adv.熱情地；溫暖地warmadj.溫暖的；warmthn.溫暖

raise/reiz/v.籌集；舉起；撫養raisemoney（籌錢，本節高頻課標詞）

charity/'tfjersti/n.慈善；慈善機構charityactivity(慈善活動)

sign/saTn/n./v.標識：簽字signup（報名（志愿活動））

notice/'noutls/n./v.通知；注意到putupnotices(張貼通知)

fix/flks/v.修理；修補fixup（修理（房屋/物品，課標短語詞））

broken/'broukon/adj.破損的break(v.打破(過去式broken))

train/trein/v./n.V.培訓n.火車trainsbtodo(培訓某人做…)

excited/Ik'saltld/adj.興奮的excite（v.使激動;exciting令人興奮的）

短語釋義短語釋義

makeabig/greatdifferenceto

對……產生很大影響volunteerat/in...在……做志愿者

sb./sth.

makenodifferencetosb./sth.對……沒有影響volunteertodosth.自愿做某事

cleanup打掃干凈；清理carefor=lookafter照顧；照料

givedirections指路；指引方向careabout關心（內心情感）

visittheelderly探訪老人giveout二handout分發

sortwaste垃圾分類fixup修理（壞掉的東西）

planttrees植樹putup張貼（通知/海報）

onone'sown

raisemoneyfbr...為…籌錢獨自

=byoneself

signupfor報名參加helpout幫忙解決困難語法:

現在完成時（重點辨析for&since）

一.基本結構

肯定句：主語+have/has+過去分詞

否定句：主語+havc/has+not+過去分詞

一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞？

二.核心用法

表示動作過去發生，持續到現在，大概率繼續持續

for+時間段：表動作持續多久（for2years/foramonth）

since+過去時間點：自從某個時間開始（since2023/sincelastweek）

since+一般過去時從句：自從某件事發生以來

三.重難點：延續性動詞轉換

for/since連用的句子中，禁止使用短暫性動詞，必須轉換為對應延埃性動詞:

短暫性動詞（不可連用for/since）對應延續性動詞（可連用）正確例句

buy購買have擁有Ihavehadthisbookfortwoyears.

leave離開beaway離開Hehasbeenawayfromschoolfor3days.

die死亡bedead去世Thecathasbeendeadsincelastwinter.

join加入bein加入Shehasbeeninthevolunteerclubfbrayear.

start/begin開始beon進行Theshowhasbeenonfortenminutes.

四.問答句型

Howlonghaveyoubeenavolunteer9你做志愿者多久了？

一I'vebeenavolunteerfortwoyears/since2022.

五、重點句型與交際用語

1.Whatcanwedotohelp?我們能做些什么來幫忙？

2.1wanttovolunteerasaguide.我想做導游志愿者。

3.Ifsagoodwaytomakeadifference.這是產生影響的好方式。

4.Volunteeringismeaningfulandhelpful.志愿服務意義非凡、助人利己。

六、易錯點

1.elderly無比較級、最高級，theelderly表復數含義（老年人），不能說elderpeopleo

2.makeadifference固定搭配：后接to,makeadifferencetosb./sth.

3.for+時間段、since+時間點/過去式從句，二者不可混用。

4.現在完成時表持續狀態時，絕對不能用短暫性動詞，必須轉換延埃性動詞。

專項練習題

專項一：詞義&短語辨析題

一.單項選擇

1.Weshouldtheoldandthesickinourdailylife.

A.careaboutB.careforC.lookforD.lookal

2.Smallkindactscanagreatdifferenceourcommunity.

A.make;toB.take;toC.make;fbrD.take;for

3.Hedoesn'tmoney,buthealwayshelpspoorpeople.

A.careforB.careaboutC.waitfbrD.lookafter

4.Manyyoungpeopletohelpclsantheparkeveryweekend.

A.volunteerB.organizeC.donateD.visit

5.Theanimaltakescareofhomelessdogsandcats.

A.shelterB.organizationC.youthD.activity

6.Shehasbeeninallkindsofvolunteeractivities.

A.warmB.activeC.elderlyD.own

7.Youcanfinishtheworkifyoutryyourbest.

A.onyourownB.byyouC.ofyourownD.foryourself

8.Pleasehelpthebookstothestudents.

A.giveupB.giveoutC.giveinD.giveoff

9.Wcneedtothestreetbeforethefestivalcomes.

A.cleanupB.cleanoutC.takeupD.putup

10.Hiscomesfromhishardworkandkindness.

A.donationB.volunteerC.warmthD.direction

二.用短語的適當形式填空

makeadifference,cleanup,carefor,giveout,volunteerto

1.Everyonecantotheworldwithsmallgooddeeds.

2.Thestudentstheirclassroomafterschooleveryday.

3.Shehelptheelderlyinthenursinghomeeverymonth.

4.Nursesarebusysickpeopledayandnight.

5.Theywillleaflets（傳單）tocallonpeopletoprotecttheenvironment.

專項二：語法專項練習題

一.用for或since填空

1.1havelearnedEnglishsixyears.

2.Hehaslivedhere2019.

3.Shehasbeenavolunteershewasfourteen.

4.Theyhavestayedintheparktwohours.

5.Mymomhasworkedinthishospitaltenyearsago.

6.Wchaveknowneachotheralongtime.

7.Theboyhasplayedbasketballlastsummer.

8.Thisshophasbeenopen5months.

9.1havekeptthisbookthreedays.

10.Hehashelpedthehomelesskidshefinishedschool.

二,根據句意，用正確的延續性動詞形式改寫句子

1.HeleftBeijingthreedaysago.

He___________________________________Beijingforthreedays.

2.1boughtthispenlastyear.

Ithispenforayear.

3.Thedogdiedtwoweeksago.

Thedogfortwoweeks.

4.Shejoinedtheclubin2022.

Shetheclubsince2022.

5.Themoviestartedtenminutesago.

Themoviefortenminutes.

6.Mybrotherarrivedhereyesterday.

Mybrotherhereforoneday.

7.Theyborrowedthebookaweekago.

Theythebookforaweek.

8.1gottoknowhimtwoyearsago.

Ihimfbrtwoyears.

9.Theshopclosedlastmonth.

Theshopforamonth.

10.HecametoChinain2020.

HeinChinasince2020.

三.句型轉換

1.1havebeenavolunteerfor3years.（對劃線部分提問）

youbeenavolunteer?

2.Shehasvolunteeredheresince2021.（改為否定句）

Sheheresince2021.

3.Theycleaneduptheparkj