全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試（PETS）三級(jí)練習(xí)試題庫(kù)(2025年下半年常德)

全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試（PETS）三級(jí)練習(xí)試題庫(kù)(2025年下半年常德)SectionIListeningComprehensionPartADirections:Youwillhear10shortdialogues.Foreachdialogue,thereisonequestionandfourpossibleanswers.Choosethecorrectanswer.1.Whatdoesthewomanimplyabouttheapples?A)Theyarenotfreshenough.B)Theyarecheaperifboughtinbulk.C)Themanshouldnotbuysomany.D)Thesupermarketishavingasalenow.2.Howmuchwillthemanpayfortheapplesifhebuyssixpounds?A)$10.80B)$12.00C)$9.60D)$10.003.Whatisthewoman'sopinionaboutthenewproject?A)Itistooriskytoimplement.B)Itneedsmorefinancialsupport.C)Itwillbringlong-termbenefits.D)Itshouldbedelayeduntilnextyear.4.Whydidthemanmissthetrain?A)Heoversleptduetoapoweroutage.B)Hiscarbrokedownonthewaytothestation.C)Hewasstuckinatrafficjam.D)Heforgotthedeparturetime.5.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A)Takeabreakfromstudying.B)Gotothelibrarytoborrowbooks.C)Changehisresearchmethodology.D)Asktheprofessorforanextension.6.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A)Amovietheyrecentlywatched.B)Theplotofasciencefictionnovel.C)Adocumentaryaboutmarinelife.D)Theenvironmentalimpactofpollution.7.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthenewpolicy?A)Heisstronglyopposedtoit.B)Hethinksitisineffectivebutnecessary.C)Hebelievesitwillimproveefficiency.D)Heisindifferenttothechanges.8.Wheredoestheconversationmostlikelytakeplace?A)Atarailwaystation.B)Atanairportcheck-incounter.C)Atahotelreceptiondesk.D)Atacustomsoffice.9.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A)Shehasalreadyfinishedthereport.B)Sheneedsmoretimetocompilethedata.C)Sheforgottosubmitthereport.D)Shewillhelpthemanwithhispresentation.10.WhatcanbeinferredaboutMr.Smith?A)Hehasresignedfromhisposition.B)HeisonabusinesstriptoLondon.C)Hehasbeenpromotedtomanager.D)Heiscurrentlyunavailableforameeting.PartBDirections:Youwillhearfourdialoguesormonologues.Beforelisteningtoeachone,readthequestionsrelatedtoit.Choosethecorrectanswer.Questions11-13arebasedonthefollowingdialogueaboutajobinterview.11.Whatwasthewoman'spreviousjob?A)Amarketingexecutive.B)Asoftwareengineer.C)Asalesrepresentative.D)Ahumanresourcesmanager.12.Whydidthewomanleaveherlastjob?A)Shewantedahighersalary.B)Thecompanyrelocatedtoanothercity.C)Shefelttherewasnoroomforpromotion.D)Shehadaconflictwithherboss.13.Whatisthewoman'sstrengthaccordingtotheinterview?A)Herabilitytospeakmultiplelanguages.B)Herexperienceininternationalmarkets.C)Herproficiencyindataanalysis.D)Herskillsinteammanagement.Questions14-17arebasedonthefollowingpassageabouturbanfarming.14.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A)Thehistoryofagricultureinurbanareas.B)Theriseandbenefitsofurbanfarming.C)Theeconomicchallengesofmodernfarming.D)Thetechnologicalinnovationsinruralareas.15.Accordingtothepassage,whydocitydwellersstarturbanfarms?A)Tomakeaprofitfromsellingorganicfood.B)Toreducefoodmilesandensurefoodsecurity.C)Toutilizeabandonedcitybuildings.D)Tocompetewithtraditionalruralfarmers.16.Whatismentionedasamethodusedinurbanfarming?A)Traditionalsoil-basedplanting.B)Geneticallymodifyingcrops.C)Hydroponicsystems.D)Usingchemicalfertilizersextensively.17.Whatisthespeaker'sattitudetowardsurbanfarming?A)Cautiouslyoptimistic.B)Highlycritical.C)Completelyneutral.D)Enthusiasticallysupportive.Questions18-21arebasedonthefollowingdialogueaboutalibraryservice.18.Whatdoesthemanwanttodoatthelibrary?A)Borrowararemanuscript.B)Accesstheonlinedatabasefromhome.C)Reserveastudyroom.D)Returnoverduebooks.19.Whatisthewoman'sinitialresponse?A)Sheagreestohelphimimmediately.B)Sheexplainsthattheservicerequiresaspecialpermit.C)Shetellshimthesystemisundermaintenance.D)Shedirectshimtoanotherdepartment.20.Whatdoesthemanneedtoprovidetogettheservice?A)HisstudentIDcardandapassport.B)Aletterfromhisprofessor.C)Hislibrarycardandaresidentialproof.D)Adepositoffiftydollars.21.Whatwillhappenifthemanfailstoreturnthematerialsontime?A)Hewillbefinedtendollarsperday.B)Hislibraryprivilegeswillberevokedpermanently.C)Hewillhavetopaythereplacementcost.D)Hisacademicrecordwillbeaffected.Questions22-25arebasedonthefollowingmonologueaboutsleeppatterns.22.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutmodernsleephabits?A)Peoplesleepmorethantheydidacenturyago.B)Theinventionofthelightbulbchangedoursleepcycles.C)Mostadultsrequireonlyfivehoursofsleep.D)Segmentedsleepisamodernphenomenon.23.Whatwasthecommonpracticebeforethe19thcentury?A)Sleepingforeightconsecutivehours.B)Stayingawakeallnightduringwinter.C)Sleepingintwodistinctshifts.D)Takinglongnapsduringtheday.24.Whatdidpeopledoduringthe"wakefulhour"inthenight?A)Theyworkedinthefields.B)Theyread,prayed,orsocialized.C)Theywentforwalksinthecity.D)Theycleanedtheirhouses.25.Whatisthespeaker'smainpoint?A)Modernanxietyaboutsleeplessnessishistoricallyunfounded.B)Peopleshouldreturntosegmentedsleeppatterns.C)Theeight-hoursleepcycleisbiologicallyunnatural.D)Technologyhascompletelyruinedhumansleep.SectionIIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestwordforeachnumberedblank.Theconceptof"remotework"hastransformedfromarareperktoastandardoperationalmodelformanyorganizations.Whiletheinitialshiftwaslargelydrivenbyexternal26,companiesandemployeesalikehavediscovered27benefits.Foremployees,the28ofadailycommutetranslatesintomoretimeforfamily,hobbies,andrest.Foremployers,thereductioninphysicalofficespaceleadstosignificant29savings.However,thetransitionisnotwithoutits30.Oneofthemostprominentissuesisthe31ofboundariesbetweenprofessionalandpersonallife.Whenthehomebecomestheoffice,workersoftenfinditdifficultto"logoff"and32disconnectfromwork-relatedstress.Thiscanleadto33,astateofemotionalexhaustionthatseverelyimpactsproductivity.Furthermore,the34ofspontaneous,face-to-faceinteractionscanhinderteam35andtheorganicgenerationofnewideas.Newemployeesmaystruggletoabsorbthecompanycultureandbuild36withtheircolleagues.Tocombatthis,managersmustbe37intheircommunication,schedulingregularvirtualcheck-insandcreatingopportunitiesfornon-work-related38.Anothercriticalaspectisthe39ofdigitalinfrastructure.Notallemployeeshaveaccesstohigh-speedinternetoraquiet,dedicatedworkspace.Thisdisparity,often40toasthe"digitaldivide,"cancreateinequalitiesinteamperformanceandindividualadvancement.Companiesareincreasinglybeingcalleduponto41thisgapbyprovidingstipendsforhomeofficesetupsorsubsidizinginternetcosts.Ultimately,thesuccessofremoteworkdependslargelyon42andflexibility.Employeesmustcultivateself-discipline,whileemployersmust43awayfrommeasuringperformancebyhoursloggedandinsteadfocusontangible44.Ifmanagedwell,remoteworkcanofferamutuallybeneficialarrangementthat45thetraditionalboundariesoftheworkplace.26.A)forcesB)powersC)strengthsD)energies27.A)unintentionalB)unexpectedC)unacceptedD)unproven28.A)additionB)extensionC)eliminationD)reduction29.A)costsB)pricesC)expensesD)values30.A)advantagesB)challengesC)conveniencesD)improvements31.A)buildingB)blurringC)breakingD)broadening32.A)mentallyB)physicallyC)sociallyD)technically33.A)burnoutB)breakdownC)breakoutD)breakthrough34.A)abundanceB)presenceC)absenceD)frequency35.A)competitionB)cohesionC)divisionD)isolation36.A)competitionB)relationshipsC)argumentsD)distances37.A)passiveB)indifferentC)deliberateD)casual38.A)conflictsB)transactionsC)engagementsD)negotiations39.A)disparityB)similarityC)equalityD)uniformity40.A)namedB)referredC)knownD)called41.A)widenB)bridgeC)deepenD)create42.A)trustB)suspicionC)controlD)monitoring43.A)takeB)giveC)moveD)put44.A)presenceB)absenceC)outcomesD)processes45.A)reinforcesB)restrictsC)redefinesD)rejectsSectionIIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingthreetexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtext.Text1Theglobalpushtowardsrenewableenergyhasacceleratedthedevelopmentofsolarpower.Overthepastdecade,theefficiencyofsolarpanelshasincreasedsignificantly,whilemanufacturingcostshaveplummeted.Thisshiftisnotmerelyanenvironmentalimperativebutaneconomicone.Inmanyregions,solarenergyisnowcheaperthancoalornaturalgas.Despitetheseadvancements,theintegrationofsolarpowerintoexistingelectricalgridspresentssubstantialchallenges.Themostobviousistheissueofintermittency.Solarpanelsonlygenerateelectricitywhenthesunisshining,meaningproductionpeaksduringthedayandceasesatnight.Thisfluctuationrequiresgridoperatorstomaintainbackuppowersources,oftenfossilfuel-based,toensureastableenergysupply.Toaddressthis,energystoragesolutions,particularlylithium-ionbatteries,havebecomecrucial.Batteriescanstoreexcesselectricitygeneratedduringpeaksunlighthoursanddischargeitwhenproductiondrops.However,currentbatterytechnologyisstillrelativelyexpensiveandhaslimitationsregardinglifespanandcapacity.Analternativeapproachisthedevelopmentof"smartgrids."Unliketraditionalgridsthatrelyonone-waypowerflowfromcentralizedpowerplants,smartgridsutilizedigitaltechnologytomonitorandmanagethetransportofelectricityfromallgenerationsources.Theycandynamicallyadjusttochangesinenergysupplyanddemand,incentivizingconsumerstouseelectricityduringoff-peakhours.46.Whatistheprimaryreasonforthecurrentpopularityofsolarenergy?A)Itistheonlyenvironmentallyfriendlyoption.B)Ithasbecomeeconomicallycompetitive.C)Itissupportedbytraditionalenergycompanies.D)Itrequiresnotechnologicalmaintenance.47.Whatdoestheword"intermittency"meaninthecontextofthesecondparagraph?A)Thehighcostofsolarpanels.B)Theunpredictableweatherpatterns.C)Theinconsistentgenerationofpower.D)Theenvironmentalimpactoffossilfuels.48.Whatisalimitationofcurrentlithium-ionbatteriesmentionedinthetext?A)Theyaretoosmalltostorepower.B)Theydegradetooquicklyinsunlight.C)Theyarecostlyandhavecapacityconstraints.D)Theyrelyonfossilfuelstooperate.49.Howdosmartgridsdifferfromtraditionalgrids?A)Theyonlyuserenewableenergysources.B)Theyrelyonone-waypowerflow.C)Theycandynamicallymanagesupplyanddemand.D)Theyrequireconsumerstogeneratetheirownelectricity.50.Whatistheoveralltoneofthepassage?A)Criticalofrenewableenergyinvestments.B)Objectiveregardingtheprosandconsofsolarpower.C)Optimisticabouttheimmediatereplacementoffossilfuels.D)Indifferenttothechallengesofgridintegration.Text2InahighlyanticipatedcorporateannouncementlastTuesday,TechNovaCorprevealedthatitsrevenueforthethirdquarterreached\4.2bTheAIdivision,whichwasestablishedonlytwoyearsago,contributed\1.8bCEOElenaRostovastatedthatthecompanyplanstoreinvest20%oftheQ3netprofitintoresearchanddevelopmentfortheupcomingyear.Ifthenetprofitmarginstandsat12%,calculatetheamountallocatedtoR&D.51.WhatwastherevenueofTechNovaCorpinthepreviousquarter?A)$1.8billionB)$2.4billionC)$3.65billionD)$4.2billion52.HowmuchoftheQ3revenuecamefromtraditionalhardwareandcloudservices?A)15%B)20%C)42.8%D)57.1%53.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainreasonfortherevenueincreaseinQ3?A)Expansionofcloudservices.B)HighsalesinthenewAIdivision.C)Areductioninoperatingcosts.D)Achangeinleadership.54.CalculatetheamountTechNovaCorpwillreinvestintoR&Dbasedontheprovidedfigures.A)$84millionB)$100.8millionC)$504millionD)$840millionText3Thephenomenonofthe"gigeconomy"hasfundamentallyreshapedthemodernworkforce.Characterizedbyshort-termcontracts,freelancework,andindependentcontracting,itoffersanappealingalternativetothetraditional9-to-5employment.Advocateshighlighttheautonomyitprovides:workerscanchoosewhen,where,andhowmuchtheywork.Thisflexibilityisparticularlyattractivetoyoungergenerationsandthosebalancingmultipleliferesponsibilities.However,criticsarguethatthegigeconomymasksarealityofprecariousemployment.Gigworkersaretypicallyclassifiedasindependentcontractorsratherthanemployees,whichmeanstheyareexemptfromstandardlaborprotections.Theydonotreceivebenefitssuchashealthinsurance,paidsickleave,orretirementcontributions.Furthermore,theirincomeishighlyvolatile,subjecttothefluctuationsofthemarketandthealgorithmsoftheplatformstheyrelyon.Thelackofasocialsafetynetforgigworkershaspromptedlegislativeactionsinvariouscountries.Somejurisdictionshavebegunmandatingthatcompaniesprovideaminimumwageandbasicbenefitstotheircontractworkers.Whiletechcompaniesarguethatsuchregulationswillstifleinnovationandreducejobopportunities,laborrightsadvocatesmaintainthathumandignityshouldnotbesacrificedforthesakeofflexibility.Thedebateoverhowtoregulatethisneweconomiclandscapecontinuestointensify.55.Whatistheprimaryappealofthegigeconomyaccordingtothepassage?A)Highandstableincome.B)Comprehensivehealthbenefits.C)Autonomyandflexibility.D)Opportunitiesforrapidpromotion.56.Whatdoestheword"precarious"mostlikelymeaninthethirdparagraph?A)Safeandsecure.B)Highlypaid.C)Dependentonluckanduncertain.D)Technologicallyadvanced.57.Whydogigworkerslackstandardlaborprotections?A)Theyrefusetojoinlaborunions.B)Theyareclassifiedasindependentcontractors.C)Theyworkfewerhoursthanrequiredbylaw.D)Theyareemployedbyforeigncompanies.58.Whatisthestanceoftechcompaniesregardingnewlaborregulations?A)Theyfullysupportthem.B)Theybelieveitwillharminnovationandjobs.C)Theyproposeevenstricterrules.D)Theyareindifferenttothelegislation.59.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A)Thegigeconomyisentirelybeneficialforthemodernworkforce.B)Thegigeconomyprovidesflexibilitybutlacksworkerprotections.C)Techcompaniesshouldbebannedfromusingfreelanceworkers.D)Traditional9-to-5employmentisnolongernecessary.PartBDirections:Readthefollowingtextandcompletethesentencesbelowusinginformationfromthetext.Theconceptofthe"15-minutecity"hasgainedsignificanttractionamongurbanplannersworldwide.PioneeredbyCarlosMoreno,theideaisdeceptivelysimple:residentsshouldbeabletomeetalltheirbasicneedswithina15-minutewalkorbikeridefromtheirhomes.Thisincludesaccesstowork,schools,healthcare,grocerystores,andculturalamenities.Thetraditionalurbanmodel,whichsegregatesresidential,commercial,andindustrialzones,hasledtoaheavyrelianceonautomobiles.Thishasresultedinseveretrafficcongestion,airpollution,andadeclineinsocialcohesion.Bycontrast,the15-minutecityaimstodecentralizeurbanlife,transformingneighborhoodsintoself-sufficienthubs.Implementingthisvisionrequiresamassiveshiftininfrastructure.Citiesmustprioritizepedestrianpathways,cyclingnetworks,andreliablepublictransitoverbuildingnewhighways.Additionally,zoninglawsmustberevisedtoallowmixed-usedevelopment,ensuringthatresidentialbuildingscancoexistwithshopsandoffices.Criticsofthe15-minutecityarguethatitcouldleadtoghettoization,wherelower-incomeresidentsaretrappedinunder-resourcedneighborhoods.Topreventthis,plannersemphasizethatevery15-minutedistrictmustbeequippedwithhigh-qualitypublicservicestoensureequitablelivingstandardsacrossthecity.Furthermore,remoteworktrendshavemadethismodelmoreviablethanever,reducingthenecessityforlongcommutestocentralbusinessdistricts.60.AccordingtoCarlosMoreno,residentsina15-minutecityshouldbeabletoaccess________withinashortwalkorbikeride.61.Thetraditionalurbanmodelcausedaheavyrelianceonautomobiles,resultingintrafficjams,airpollution,andadecreasein________.62.Torealizethe15-minutecity,infrastructureplanningmustprioritizepedestrians,cyclists,and________overnewhighways.63.Zoninglawsmustbechangedtopermit________sothatresidentialandcommercialareascancoexist.64.Criticsfearthatthe15-minutecitymodelmightcauseghettoization,wherelower-incomegroupsareconfinedtoneighborhoodslacking________.SectionIVWritingPartADirections:Youworkinthemarketingdepartmentofatechnologycompany.Youhavejustorganizedapromotionaleventforanewproductlaunch.Writeanemailtoyourmanager,Mr.Davis,toreporttheoutcomeoftheevent.Inyouremail,youshould:1)Statetheoverallsuccessoftheevent;2)Providetwospecificpositiveoutcomes(e.g.,attendance,sales);3)Suggestanextstepforthemarketingteam.PartBDirections:Writeanessayofabout120wordsonthefollowingtopic.Somepeoplebelievethatuniversityeducationshouldfocusonpreparingstudentsforspecificcareers,whileothersbelieveitshouldprovideabroad,generaleducation.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.***答案與解析SectionIListeningComprehensionPartA1.答案：B解析：對(duì)話中女士提到“Theyaretwodollarsapound,butifyoubuymorethanfivepounds,yougetatenpercentdiscount.”(每磅兩美元，但如果買超過(guò)五磅，可以打九折)。這暗示了如果大量購(gòu)買會(huì)更便宜。2.答案：A解析：計(jì)算題。男人想買六磅蘋果。正常價(jià)格為2×6=12美元。由于超過(guò)五磅，享受10%的折扣。計(jì)算公式為：3.答案：C解析：女士說(shuō)“Althoughtheinitialinvestmentishuge,thelong-termreturnswillbesubstantial.”(雖然初期投資巨大，但長(zhǎng)期回報(bào)將是豐厚的)。這表明她認(rèn)為新項(xiàng)目會(huì)帶來(lái)長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)利益。4.答案：A解析：男士說(shuō)“Myalarmclockdidn'tgooffbecausethepowerwentoutlastnight.”(我的鬧鐘沒(méi)響，因?yàn)樽蛲硗ｋ娏?。這屬于因停電而睡過(guò)頭。5.答案：D解析：女士建議“YoushouldtalktoProfessorLeeandaskforanextensiononyourpaper.”(你應(yīng)該和李教授談?wù)?，?qǐng)求延長(zhǎng)論文的提交時(shí)間)。6.答案：A解析：對(duì)話中兩人提到了導(dǎo)演、演員演技以及影片的結(jié)局，這表明他們?cè)谟懻撟罱吹囊徊侩娪啊?.答案：B解析：男士表示“Idon'tthinkitwillsolvealltheproblems,butit'sanecessarystepintherightdirection.”(我不認(rèn)為它能解決所有問(wèn)題，但這是朝正確方向邁出的必要一步)。這說(shuō)明他覺(jué)得政策雖效果有限但有必要。8.答案：B解析：對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)了“boardingpass”(登機(jī)牌)、“passport”(護(hù)照)和“carry-onluggage”(隨身行李)，最可能發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)是機(jī)場(chǎng)登機(jī)手續(xù)辦理處。9.答案：B解析：女士說(shuō)“I'mstillcompilingthedatafromthesurveys,soIneedacouplemoredays.”(我還在整理調(diào)查的數(shù)據(jù)，所以我還需要幾天時(shí)間)。這表明她需要更多時(shí)間。10.答案：D解析：女士說(shuō)“Mr.Smithiscurrentlyoutoftheofficeonabusinesstripandwon'tbebackuntilnextMonday.”(史密斯先生目前出差在外，直到下周一才回來(lái))。因此他無(wú)法參加會(huì)議。PartB11.答案：C解析：對(duì)話中女士提到自己過(guò)去五年的工作經(jīng)歷：“Iworkedasasalesrepresentativeforapharmaceuticalcompany.”(我在一家制藥公司擔(dān)任銷售代表)。12.答案：C解析：面試官問(wèn)她為什么離開(kāi)上一份工作。女士回答：“Therewasnoroomforcareeradvancementinmypreviousposition.”(我之前的職位沒(méi)有職業(yè)晉升的空間)。13.答案：B解析：女士在介紹自己優(yōu)勢(shì)時(shí)說(shuō)：“Myexperienceinexpandingintointernationalmarketsismybiggeststrength.”(我在拓展國(guó)際市場(chǎng)方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)是我最大的優(yōu)勢(shì))。14.答案：B解析：聽(tīng)力材料的開(kāi)頭提到“Today,wewillexploretheriseofurbanfarmingandhowitischangingthewaycitydwellersinteractwiththeirfood.”(今天，我們將探討城市農(nóng)業(yè)的興起以及它如何改變城市居民與食物的互動(dòng)方式)。文章圍繞城市農(nóng)業(yè)的興起和益處展開(kāi)。15.答案：B解析：文中提到“Oneoftheprimarymotivationsistoreducefoodmiles—thedistancefoodtravelsfromfarmtoplate—andtoensurefoodsecurity.”(主要?jiǎng)訖C(jī)之一是減少食物里程并確保食品安全)。16.答案：C解析：文章介紹了城市農(nóng)業(yè)使用的技術(shù)：“Manyurbanfarmsutilizehydroponicsystems,whereplantsaregrowninnutrient-richwaterratherthansoil.”(許多城市農(nóng)場(chǎng)使用水培系統(tǒng)，植物在富含營(yíng)養(yǎng)的水中而不是土壤中生長(zhǎng))。17.答案：D解析：文章結(jié)尾提到“Ultimately,urbanfarmingisnotjustatrend;itisavitalcomponentoffuturesustainablecities.”(最終，城市農(nóng)業(yè)不僅是一種趨勢(shì)，更是未來(lái)可持續(xù)城市的重要組成部分)。這表明作者持熱情支持的態(tài)度。18.答案：B解析：男士說(shuō)“Iwaswonderingifit'spossibletoaccesstheuniversity'sonlinedatabasefrommyapartment.”(我想知道是否可以從我的公寓訪問(wèn)大學(xué)的在線數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù))。這表明他想在家訪問(wèn)在線數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。19.答案：B解析：女士說(shuō)“Off-campusaccessrequiresaspecialvirtualprivatenetworkpermit.”(校外訪問(wèn)需要特殊的虛擬專用網(wǎng)絡(luò)許可)。20.答案：C解析：女士要求男士提供：“I'llneedyourlibrarycardandaproofofyourcurrentresidentialaddress.”(我需要你的借書(shū)證和你當(dāng)前的居住地址證明)。21.答案：A解析：女士警告說(shuō)：“Ifmaterialsarenotreturnedontime,youwillbefinedtendollarsperday.”(如果材料沒(méi)有按時(shí)歸還，每天將罰款10美元)。22.答案：B解析：聽(tīng)力材料提到“Beforetheinventionofthelightbulb,oursleepcyclesweredictatedbynaturallightanddarkness.”(在電燈泡發(fā)明之前，我們的睡眠周期受自然光和黑暗的支配)。這說(shuō)明電燈改變了我們的睡眠周期。23.答案：C解析：材料中提到歷史研究表明，在19世紀(jì)之前，人們不習(xí)慣連續(xù)睡8小時(shí)，而是分段睡眠：“Theysleptintwodistinctshifts.”(他們分兩個(gè)不同的班次睡眠)。24.答案：B解析：關(guān)于醒著的那幾個(gè)小時(shí)，材料說(shuō)人們會(huì)起床閱讀、祈禱或與家人交談：“Peoplewouldusethiswakefulhourtoread,pray,orsocialize.”(人們會(huì)利用這個(gè)醒著的小時(shí)來(lái)閱讀、祈禱或社交)。25.答案：A解析：文章最后指出，現(xiàn)代人對(duì)半夜醒來(lái)感到焦慮，甚至服用安眠藥，但從歷史角度來(lái)看，半夜醒來(lái)是正常的：“Modernanxietyaboutsleeplessnessishistoricallyunfounded.”(現(xiàn)代對(duì)失眠的焦慮在歷史上是沒(méi)有根據(jù)的)。SectionIIUseofEnglish26.答案：A解析：externalforces意為“外部力量”。最初的轉(zhuǎn)變是由外部力量（如疫情等）驅(qū)動(dòng)的。27.答案：B解析：unexpectedbenefits意為“意想不到的好處”。公司和員工發(fā)現(xiàn)了意想不到的好處。28.答案：C解析：eliminationofadailycommute意為“日常通勤的消除”。遠(yuǎn)程辦公消除了每天的通勤。29.答案：A解析：costsavings意為“成本節(jié)約”。減少物理辦公空間能帶來(lái)顯著的成本節(jié)約。固定搭配。30.答案：B解析：challenges意為“挑戰(zhàn)”。然而，這種轉(zhuǎn)變并非沒(méi)有挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)后文的描述，都在講問(wèn)題，所以是挑戰(zhàn)。31.答案：B解析：blurringofboundaries意為“界限的模糊”。當(dāng)家庭變成辦公室，工作和個(gè)人生活之間的界限就模糊了。32.答案：A解析：mentallydisconnect意為“心理上斷開(kāi)連接”。員工發(fā)現(xiàn)很難在心理上與工作壓力斷開(kāi)連接。33.答案：A解析：burnout意為“職業(yè)倦怠”。這可能導(dǎo)致倦怠，一種嚴(yán)重影響生產(chǎn)力的情緒耗竭狀態(tài)。34.答案：C解析：absenceof...interactions意為“缺乏自發(fā)性的面對(duì)面交流”。這阻礙了團(tuán)隊(duì)凝聚力。35.答案：B解析：teamcohesion意為“團(tuán)隊(duì)凝聚力”。面對(duì)面交流的缺失會(huì)阻礙團(tuán)隊(duì)凝聚力。36.答案：B解析：buildrelationships意為“建立關(guān)系”。新員工可能很難吸收公司文化并與同事建立關(guān)系。37.答案：C解析：deliberate意為“刻意的、深思熟慮的”。管理者必須在溝通中保持刻意，安排定期的虛擬簽到。38.答案：C解析：engagements意為“互動(dòng)、參與”。創(chuàng)造非工作相關(guān)的互動(dòng)機(jī)會(huì)。39.答案：A解析：disparity意為“差距、不平等”。數(shù)字基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的差距是另一個(gè)關(guān)鍵方面。40.答案：B解析：referredtoas意為“被稱為”。固定搭配，這種差距通常被稱為“數(shù)字鴻溝”。41.答案：B解析：bridgethisgap意為“彌合這一差距”。公司被要求通過(guò)提供補(bǔ)貼來(lái)彌合這一差距。42.答案：A解析：trust意為“信任”。遠(yuǎn)程工作的成功很大程度上取決于信任和靈活性。43.答案：C解析：moveawayfrom意為“遠(yuǎn)離、摒棄”。雇主必須摒棄以工作時(shí)長(zhǎng)來(lái)衡量績(jī)效的做法。44.答案：C解析：tangibleoutcomes意為“切實(shí)的成果”。轉(zhuǎn)而關(guān)注切實(shí)的成果。45.答案：C解析：redefines意為“重新定義”。如果管理得當(dāng)，遠(yuǎn)程辦公可以提供一種互惠互利的安排，重新定義工作場(chǎng)所的傳統(tǒng)界限。SectionIIIReadingComprehensionPartAText146.答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句：“Inmanyregions,solarenergyisnowcheaperthancoalornaturalgas.”(在許多地區(qū)，太陽(yáng)能現(xiàn)在比煤炭或天然氣更便宜)。說(shuō)明它受歡迎的主要原因是經(jīng)濟(jì)上的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。47.答案：C解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段：“Solarpanelsonlygenerateelectricitywhenthesunisshining,meaningproductionpeaksduringthedayandceasesatnight.”(太陽(yáng)能電池板只在陽(yáng)光照射時(shí)發(fā)電，這意味著生產(chǎn)在白天達(dá)到峰值并在夜間停止)。這說(shuō)明發(fā)電是不連貫、不一致的，因此“intermittency”意為“間歇性、不連貫性”。48.答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句：“However,currentbatterytechnologyisstillrelativelyexpensiveandhaslimitationsregardinglifespanandcapacity.”(然而，目前的電池技術(shù)仍然相對(duì)昂貴，并且在壽命和容量方面存在限制)。49.答案：C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段：“smartgridsutilizedigitaltechnologytomonitorandmanage...Theycandynamicallyadjusttochangesinenergysupplyanddemand”(智能電網(wǎng)利用數(shù)字技術(shù)進(jìn)行監(jiān)控和管理……它們可以動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)整以適應(yīng)能源供需的變化)。C選項(xiàng)“能動(dòng)態(tài)管理供需”最符合文意。50.答案：B解析：態(tài)度判斷題。文章既提到了太陽(yáng)能的優(yōu)點(diǎn)（經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)保），也詳細(xì)闡述了其面臨的挑戰(zhàn)（間歇性、儲(chǔ)能成本、電網(wǎng)整合），因此態(tài)度是客觀的。Text251.答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)查找題。第一段提到：“Thisfigurerepresentsa15%increasefromthepreviousquarter,whererevenuestoodatapproximately$3.65billion.”(這一數(shù)字比上一季度增長(zhǎng)了15%，上一季度的收入約為36.5億美元)。52.答案：D解析：推理計(jì)算題。傳統(tǒng)硬件和云服務(wù)的收入是24億美元，總收入是42億美元。計(jì)算公式為：×10053.答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段最后一句：“Thecompanyattributesthisgrowthprimarilytotherobustsalesofitsnewlylaunchedartificialintelligencedivision.”(公司主要將這一增長(zhǎng)歸因于其新推出的人工智能部門的強(qiáng)勁銷售)。54.答案：B解析：計(jì)算題?？偸杖霝?.2billiText355.答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段提到：“Advocateshighlighttheautonomyitprovides:workerscanchoosewhen,where,andhowmuchtheywork.Thisflexibilityisparticularlyattractive...”(倡導(dǎo)者強(qiáng)調(diào)它提供的自主權(quán)……這種靈活性特別有吸引力)。C選項(xiàng)“自主性和靈活性”符合文意。56.答案：C解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。后文提到零工工人缺乏勞動(dòng)保護(hù)，收入“highlyvolatile”(高度波動(dòng))，說(shuō)明他們的就業(yè)狀態(tài)是不穩(wěn)定的，依賴于運(yùn)氣和不確定因素。C選項(xiàng)最貼切。57.答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段提到：“Gigworkersaretypicallyclassifiedasindependentcontractorsratherthanemployees,whichmeanstheyareexemptfromstandardlaborprotections.”(零工通常被歸類為獨(dú)立承包商而非雇員，這意味著他們不受標(biāo)準(zhǔn)勞動(dòng)保護(hù))。B選項(xiàng)符合文意。58.答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。最后一段提到：“techcompaniesarguethatsuchregulationswillstifleinnovationandreducejobopportunities”(科技公司認(rèn)為此類法規(guī)將扼殺創(chuàng)新并減少就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì))。B選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為它會(huì)損害創(chuàng)新和工作機(jī)會(huì)”符合文意。59.答案：B解析：主旨大意題。文章第一段介紹了零工經(jīng)濟(jì)的靈活性，第二段和第三段指出其缺乏勞動(dòng)保護(hù)的問(wèn)題，最后討論了圍繞立法的爭(zhēng)論。B選項(xiàng)“零工經(jīng)濟(jì)提供了靈活性，但缺乏工人保護(hù)”最能概括全文。PartB60.答案：work,schools,healthcare,grocerystores,