WeleUnitDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件高中英語人教版

WelcomeUnitDiscoveringUsefulStructuresStep1Recognizelaugh miss was told foundtalked had exploreI all he teacher grandma afunnystorymyclassmatesandteachers myfirstmathclasspron.n.n.phrasev.PartofspeechThebasiccomponentsofasentence：構(gòu)成句子的各個(gè)部分I

met

mybest

friend

Tom

atthestationyesterday.主語謂語定語賓語同位語狀語主要成分主語和謂語次要成分表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)足語、同位語Step1Recognize不同的詞類在句子中充當(dāng)不同的成分Step1RecognizeS(subject)V(verb)O(object)P(predicative)A(adverbial)DO(directobject)IO(indirectobject)C(objectcomplement)Sentencecomponents賓語直接賓語間接賓語狀語賓語補(bǔ)足語謂語表語主語SVOPAC(subject)主語:句子說明的人或事物；

(verb)謂語動(dòng)詞:說明主語的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和特征；

(object)賓語:動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者；DO(directobject)IO(indirectobject)(objectcomplement)賓語補(bǔ)足語：說明賓語的身份和狀態(tài)以補(bǔ)充其意義不足，使句子的意義完整。(adverbial)狀語：說明地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因、目的、

結(jié)果、條件、方向、程度、方式和伴隨狀況等；(predicative)表語：連系動(dòng)詞后面的成分；

Step2Learn1234簡(jiǎn)單句并列句復(fù)合句并列復(fù)合句1234Step2Learn---the4typesofsentencestructuresSVSVASVPSVOSVOASVIODOSVOCTherebe...BasicsentencestructuresStep2LearnSV 主語+謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞)(1)Classbegins.(2)Theplanehaslanded.此類型的句子，謂語動(dòng)詞能表達(dá)完整的意思，這類動(dòng)詞叫不及物動(dòng)詞，其后不能直接帶賓語。(1)Thebabyslept

peacefully.(2)Hisfatherhasgone

abroad.(3)Sheswims

likeafish.但有時(shí)為了表示發(fā)生的頻率、原因、結(jié)果、目的、地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間等，可以有狀語來修飾。SVO 主語+謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞)+狀語SVP主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語(1)DavidSmithisastudent.(2)

Hebecameascientist.(3)Dinnersmells

good.(4)Thecaketastes

sweet.此類型的句子，謂語動(dòng)詞不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)表明主語性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)的表語，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。（五感五變?nèi)３?，一是一像永不忘）?）五感：________________________________（2）五變：________________________________（3）三保持：________________________________（4）一是：________________________________（5）一像：_________be:am,is,are,was,were

become,

get,turn,grow,go

look,sound,smell,taste,feelremain,stay,keep

V-linkseemSVO主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語(1)Helovedpoetry.(2)

Hespentfourweeksatasummercamp.此句型中謂語是及物動(dòng)詞，其后必須跟賓語才能使句意表達(dá)完整。一些不及物動(dòng)詞后面加介詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，之后可加賓語。(1)Youmustlistentome.(2)HearrivedinLondonyesterday.賓語結(jié)構(gòu)例句Katehasapiano.Haveyoutoldthemanythingabouttheaccident?Ifyouadd

5to5,youget10.Wemayfindouttheunknownbycalculation.Idisliketravellingtoworkinaverycrowdedbuseveryday.Herefusedtoattendthemedicalconference.IwonderwhetherIshouldstayornot.Sheknowswhattodonext.名詞代詞數(shù)詞名詞化的形容詞V-ing(短語)不定式(短語)從句特殊疑問詞+不定式SVIODO主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+間接賓語+直接賓語(1)Ishowedhimmypictures.(2)IboughtJohnabirthdaypresent.(3)Hetoldmehisidea.(4)Shepassedheranewdress.此句型中謂語動(dòng)詞必須跟兩個(gè)賓語才能表達(dá)完整意思。兩個(gè)賓語一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的直接承受者，另一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的間接承受者。動(dòng)詞與“雙賓語”givesb.sth./givesth.tosb.makesb.sth./makesth.forsb.常見的這類結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有：give,send,bring,owe,take,offer,pass,lend,tell,return,promise,show,write,throw,hand,award,grant等常見的這類結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有：make(制造),prepare,buy,order,do,fetch,pick,leave,build,post,get,draw,find,reserve,save等SVOC主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語(1)Hefoundthehomeworkeasy.(2)TheycalledtheirdaughterMary.(3)Iwishyoutobehappy.(4)Shewishedherselfhome.在某些及物動(dòng)詞的后面，需要用一個(gè)賓語再加一個(gè)賓補(bǔ)才能表達(dá)完整的意思。賓語補(bǔ)足語結(jié)構(gòu)常見動(dòng)詞例句Iwillmakeyou

captain.Hisspeechleftthepresidentinaverydifferentposition.Mymotheraskedmetowashtheclothes.1.We

consider

him

(to

be)

a

good

teacher.2.Ifindthestory

veryinteresting.Wewatchedthechildren

playgames.名詞介詞短語todo(tobe)+n./adj.不帶to的不定式advise,allow,ask,beg,encourage,cause,direct,expect,forbid,force,invite,order,permit,persuade,remind,require,tell,want…consider,

think,

believe,

discover,

find,

judge,

prove,

imagine,suppose…feel,have,hear,let,make,notice,observe,see,watch,listento,lookat…————(1)Hesawagirlinredgetonthebus.(2)Hesawagirlinredgettingonthebus.他看見一個(gè)穿紅色衣服的女孩上車了。他看見一個(gè)穿紅色衣服的女孩正在上車。感官動(dòng)詞等后面既可以接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，也可以用V-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)。前者表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束，后者表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生。TranslationTherebe結(jié)構(gòu)(1)Thereis

apencilinmypencil-case.(2)Thereare

fifty-twostudentsinourclass.(3)Therewas

anoldhousebytheriverfiveyearsago.(4)There

is

a

pen,

two

rulers

in

the

box.(5)There

are

two

boys

and

a

teacherattheschool

gate.Therebe+主語表示某處有(存在)某人或某物該句型中，若只有一個(gè)主語，謂語的數(shù)要取決于該主語的數(shù)；若有幾個(gè)主語并列，則通常是與最近的主語保持一致。即遵循就近一致原則。Readandunderlinetheirsentencecomponents.1.The100-year-oldschool

lies

inthecentreofthecity.

2.We

mustact.3.Themathshomework

looks

easy.4.Theteacher

found

theclassroom

empty.SSSSVVVVAPOOCStep3Exercise--Readthesentencesandanalysethestructures.5.Mymum

bought

me

anewdictionary.6.Tom

islookingforwardto

meetingthenewexchangestudent.

7.ThereisanEnglishCorner

atourschool.8.We

had

chemistry

inthenewlybuiltlab.SSSSVVVAAIOOODOStep3Exercise--Readthesentencesandanalysethestructures.Howwouldyouliketogotoschoolandtraveltheworldatthesametime?ForTim,thatdreamhascometrue!Thisterm,Timandhisclassmatesarelivingonaship!Theytakethesamesubjectsasyoudo,likemathsandEnglish.Theyalsolearnaboutshipsandthesea.Tomwriteshisparentsanemaileveryweekandtellsthemwhathappenedontheship.Timloveslivingontheship.There'salwayssomethingexcitingtodo.And,afteralongdayofstudy,helikestowatchthesungodownandwaitforthestarstocomeout.Studyinganddoinghomeworkseemmuchmorefunwhenyouareatsea!Step3Exercise--Readthepassagesandanalysethestructuresoftheunderlinedsentences.1.ForTim,thatdream

hascometrue!2.Thisterm,Timandhisclassmates

arelivingon

aship!3.Theyalsolearnabout

shipsandthesea.