高中生物必修三-免疫調(diào)節(jié)課件

第5講免疫調(diào)節(jié)Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2004-2017AsposePtyLM主干知識(shí)·自主聯(lián)通知體系構(gòu)建更完備基礎(chǔ)建體系知識(shí)點(diǎn)一免疫系統(tǒng)的組成和免疫的類型1.免疫系統(tǒng)的組成免「兔疫器官:骨髓、胸腺、脾、扁桃體淋巴結(jié)等疫系統(tǒng)的組吞細(xì)胞免疫細(xì)胞T細(xì)胞:在胸腺中成熟淋巴細(xì)胞成」免疫活性物質(zhì)抗體、淋巴因子溶酶含B細(xì)胞:在骨中成熟Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2004-2017AsposePtyL2.免疫的類型免疫類型非特異性免疫特異性免疫后天接觸病原體之后形成生來(lái)就有獲得特點(diǎn)無(wú)特異性有特異性第一道防線:皮膚和第三道防線:主要由組成/歌免疫器官和免疫細(xì)胞第二道防線:體液中的借助血液循環(huán)和殺菌物質(zhì)和吞噬細(xì)胞淋巴循環(huán)而組成Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2004-2017AsposePtyL知識(shí)點(diǎn)三特異性免疫1.體液免疫二次免渡直接刺激增記憶細(xì)胞殖抗原D細(xì)增殖/分化次答吞吞噬細(xì)胞傳T細(xì)胞淋巴遞因子漿細(xì)胞生抗特異性結(jié)合Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2004-2017AsposePtyL2.細(xì)胞免疫的過(guò)程二次免疫淋巴因子產(chǎn)生增被吞噬」吞噬傳T細(xì)胞奇化增h廠緬題/班細(xì)朐涕與靶細(xì)胞接觸效應(yīng)T細(xì)胞使靶細(xì)胞裂解直接刺激釋放抗原Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2004-2017AsposePtyL知識(shí)點(diǎn)三免疫系統(tǒng)的功能及失調(diào)癥過(guò)強(qiáng)}自身兔疫病、過(guò)敏反應(yīng)防衛(wèi)功能免疫系統(tǒng)不足兔疫缺陷病的功能監(jiān)控和清除功能缺失惡性腫瘤Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2004-2017AsposePtyLm學(xué)法精點(diǎn)撥必記免疫調(diào)節(jié)的兩個(gè)重要結(jié)論(1)類毒素、外毒素、凝集原均屬于“抗原”,抗毒素、凝集素均屬于“抗體”。(2)免疫活性物質(zhì)并非都由免疫細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生,如唾液腺淚腺細(xì)胞都可產(chǎn)生溶菌酶Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2004-2017AsposePtyL2.明確兩個(gè)概念抗原和抗體項(xiàng)目抗原抗體成分蛋白質(zhì)等蛋白質(zhì)來(lái)源外來(lái)物質(zhì);體內(nèi)衰老、人體受抗原刺激產(chǎn)生癌變的細(xì)胞通過(guò)免疫治療輸入血清、組織液、外分分布泌液等Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2004-2017AsposePtyL2重點(diǎn)知識(shí)·探究學(xué)通體驗(yàn)式突破點(diǎn)1免疫細(xì)胞的起源、分化、功能[過(guò)程體驗(yàn)淋巴細(xì)胞的起源與分化如圖所示,據(jù)圖回答下列問(wèn)題吞噬細(xì)胞記憶細(xì)胞骨髓中」(胸腺)②細(xì)胞造血干細(xì)胞⑥刺激④→抗體(骨髓)記憶細(xì)胞Valadononry.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2004-2017AsposePtyL吞噬細(xì)胞記憶細(xì)胞①骨髓中」(胸原②細(xì)胞造血干細(xì)胞間刺激④→抗體(骨髓)記憶細(xì)胞(1)細(xì)胞③和①分別是B細(xì)胞和T細(xì)胞,它們的起源相同,但種類不同,原因是_基因的選擇性表達(dá)。(2)淋巴細(xì)胞主要分布于免疫器官⑤中,免疫器官包括_扁桃體、淋巴結(jié)、胸腺、脾和骨髓等。(3)圖中的④是漿細(xì)胞,該細(xì)胞可以由B細(xì)胞和記憶細(xì)胞分化而來(lái)。Valadononry.chAsposeslides