2022年廣東省廣州市中考英語試題（含答案）

秘密★啟用前2022年廣州市初中學業水平考試英語本試卷共14頁，四大題，滿分90分。考試用時100分鐘。注意事項：答題前，考生務必在答題卡上用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆填寫自己的考生號、姓名；將自己的條形碼粘貼在答題卡的“條形碼粘貼處”。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑；如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。答案不能答在試卷上。非選擇題答案必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆寫在答題卡各題目指定區域內的相應位置上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案，改動后的答案也不能超出指定的區域；不準使用鉛筆、涂改液和修正帶。不按以上要求作答的答案無效。考生必須保持答題卡的整潔，考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。一、語法選擇(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從1~15各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。WhenIwasnineyearsold,Iwantedtokeepapetfish.Aftermonthsof__1__,Ifinallyhadenoughmoneytogetone.InameditBob,Iput__2__beautifultoyhousewithwindowsinthetank(魚缸)sothatBobcouldswimthrough.Sometimes,Iwoulddrawpicturesof__3__fishandseaplantsandtapethemtothesideofthetank,soBobwouldn’tgetlonelywhileI__4__atschool.However,__5__amonth,Inoticedthatthetankwasgettingdirty.Mydadaskedme__6__itintothekitchen.HewantedtomakesureIknew__7__todosothatBobwouldn’tgethurt.First,mydadtoldmetoreach__8__intothetankandtakethehouseaway.__9__Itookmyhandoutofthewater,Inoticedthatthewaterwasalot__10__thanIthought.“That’ssmelly!”Isaid.“Let’shurryupand__11__thefishoutofthewater,Dad!”“Notsofast,Ben,”Dadsaid.“Weneedtosavesomeoftheoldwater,__12__Bobneedsaplacetostaywhilewecleanthetank.”“Why?”Iasked.“Runningwaterfromthetapcanbeharmfultofish,”Dadexplained.“That__13__wecan’tputBobintofreshwaterrightaway.Instead,weneedtoputhiminacupwith__14__ofthedirtywaterforawhile.”...Allseemedsoeasy.IhopedthenexttimeIwouldbeabletocleanthetankallby__15__.A.save B.saves C.saved D.savingA.a B.an C.the D./A.other B.others C.theother D.theothersA.am B.was C.were D.willbeA.before B.for C.after D.duringA.bring B.bringing C.brought D.tobringA.where B.what C.how D.whyA.care B.careful C.carefully D.caringA.If B.Unless C.When D.ThoughA.dirty B.dirtier C.dirtiest D.thedirtiestA.get B.gets C.got D.gettingA.so B.or C.because D.butA.mean B.means C.meant D.ismeaningA.few B.afew C.little D.alittleA.me B.my C.mine D.myself二、完形填空(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16~25各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Samwasworried.Thefollowingmorning,hewouldhaveartclass.Itwashisfavouriteclass,buttherewasa__16__.Samsawtheworlddifferentlyfromeverybodyelse.Whenhedrew,birdshaddifferent-sizedwings,andbuildingshadstrangeshapes.Everytimehepaintedapicture,histeachersandclassmateswouldbe__17__.Itwastimefortheartclass.Nervously,Samlookedatthewhitepieceofpaperinfrontofhim.“Goodmorning,class,”saidMr.White.“Today,we’regoingtopaint...”Sam__18__,wonderingwhatthenextwordwouldbe.Please,hethought,nothouses.Notbuildings...“We’regoingtopaint__19__,“saidMr.White,withasmile.“Yes!Great!”saidSam__20__.“Wecan’tpaintthat!”shoutedMikefromtheothersideoftheclassroom.“Sure,youcan,”repliedMr.White__21__.“Thinkaboutit,Mike.Whatmakesyouhappy?”“Umm...beaches,sunshine,and...ice-cream!”saidMike.“Well,thereyougo.That’showyoupaintit.Startworking!”saidMr.White.Samwasalready__22__.Hesplashed(潑酒)largeamountsofpaintalloverthe__23__.Itwasreallybeautiful!Therewereshapesthatwedidn’thaveintherealworldandthecoloursweresoshining.Thewholeclass__24__andSamlookedproud.Fromthatdayon,Samwasnever__25__aboutartclass.Heknewthathecouldpainthappiness,nomatterwhathepainted.A.difference B.problem C.reason D.wayA.encouraged B.relaxed C.satisfied D.surprisedA.agreed B.replied C.understood D.waitedA.buildings B.houses C.happiness D.summerA.excitedly B.carelessly C.kindly D.sadlyA.angrily B.patiently C.secretly D.worriedlyA.painting B.playing C.talking D.writingA.book B.floor C.paper D.wallA.cheered B.doubted C.finished D.regrettedA.careful B.certain C.happy D.nervous三、閱讀(共兩節，滿分35分)第一節閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從26~40各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。(A)Whenyouandyourfriendsturntoeachothertotalkaboutproblemsortroubles,yougiveeachotheradviceandhelp.Oneimportantthingofourgrowthistomakedecisionstohelpourfriendsandlearntosupporteachother.Thisrequiresustolearnwhatitmeanstohelpfriendsandhowtohelptheminrightways.Thefirststeptowardhelpingothersistoidentifythattheyneedhelp.Weallknowthatdifficultiesarepartofourdailylives.However,sometimessmallthingscanleadtomoreseriousproblemsthatrequiremorehelp.It’simportanttomakesurewhentohelpafriend.Forexample,youmaypickupsomesignsthatyourfriendsarenotactinglikethemselves.Thesesignsshowtheymaynotbewell.Thenextsteptowardhelpingothersistolisten.Payingattentiontootherswhilelisteningisveryimportantthroughoutourlife.Whenwecommunicatewithothers,weneedtolearnwhentospeakandwhennotto.Aslisteners,weshouldtrytounderstandwhatthespeakersarefeelingorexperiencingandtrytoseethingsfromtheirperspectives.Listeningandpayingattentiontootherswhentheyspeakisasignofrespectandaskillthatwillleadtodeeperandbetterrelationships.(B)Slowlybutsurely,Amyandhergrandparentsweremakingprogress.Boxesofallsizeswereplacedontopofeachotherthroughoutthehouse.Amy’sgrandparentshadlivedinthehouseforyearsandtheyhadcollectedmanythings.Thediningroomwasfullofmemories.Amy’sgrandfatherkeptmanyfinedinnerplates(盤子)fromhishometown.Amyrememberedthattheyatefromthered,yellow,andblueplatesduringimportantholidays.Aftercarefullywrappingup(包裹)theplatesandputtingthemintoabox,Amylifteditupandmoveditoutoftheway.Buttheboxwastooheavy.Itsuddenlyfellfromherarmsanddroppedtothefloor.Allthreeofthemheardtheplatesshatter.“I’msorry!”Amyapologised.“It’sokay,”hergrandfathersaidquietly.“Itwasanaccident.”Theyopenedtheboxand,sureenough,manyoftheplateswerebroken.Onlyafewremainedwhole.Lookingatthesmallpieces,Amyfeltreallyterrible.Sheknewtheseplateswerepasseddownfromhergreatgrandparentsand...“Don’tworry,”hergrandmothersaid,pattingherontheback.Carefully,theyputthebrokenpiecesintoarubbishbag.Theycontinuedpackingforalittlewhile,butAmystillfeltverysorry.Shewastryingveryhardtothinkofawaytomakeitupforhergrandparents.Soon,Amy’sfathercame.“Ihavetogo,”shesaid.“Dadisheretopickmeup.”Shekissedhergrandparentsboth,pickedupthebagofthebrokenpiecesandleft.“What’sthat?”herfatherasked,asAmyclimbedintothecar.Amylookedatthebaginherhandsasanideacametoher.“This,”shesaid,“isanartproject.”Thefollowingday,Amywenttoanartstoreandboughteverythingsheneeded.Thenshestartedtowork.Sheusedathinboardasthebase.Thenshetookoutthecolourfulplatepiecesandgluedtheminacreativewayontheboard.Whenitwasdry,Amywrappeditup.Afewdayslater,Amy’sfamilyhadabigdinnerathergrandparents’newhouse.Shehandedhergifttohergrandparents.“Thisisfantastic,Amy!”saidhergrandfather.“Ican’twaittohangitupinournewhome,”Amy’sgrandmothersaidasshegaveherabighug.WhatwasAmyhelpinghergrandparentsdoatthebeginningofthestory?A.Movetoanewhouse.B.Wrapupsomepresents.C.Collectfinedinnerplates.D.Prepareabigfamilydinner.WhydidAmyfeelsorryforthebrokenplates?A.Theywereneverusedbythefamily.B.Theywerevaluableholidaypresents.C.Theyweremeaningfulfamilytreasures.D.Theywereexpensivehometownproducts.HowdidAmyfinallydealwiththebrokenplatepieces?A.Shesentthemtoanartstore.B.Sheputtheminherfather’scar.C.Shemadeaspecialgiftwiththem.D.Shethrewthemintoarubbishbag.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAmy?A.Kindandcreative.B.Bravebutforgetful.C.Carelessbuthelpful.D.Funnyandhardworking.(C)CharlesDarwinEarlyyearsCharlesDarwinwasoneofthesixchildrenfromabigfamily.HisgrandfatherandfatherweredoctorsandtheyoungDarwinwenttoEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicine.However,hehatedtoseebloodandhesoonrealizedthathecouldn’tbeadoctor.HethenwenttoCambridgeUniversityanddiscoveredthathehadagreatinterestinstudyingplants,insectsandanimals.Luckily,oneofDarwin’suniversityteachershelpedhimjointheperfecttripforabiologist:avoyagearoundtheworldtostudynature.TheBeagleIn1831,CharlesDarwinleftPlymouthonTheBeagle,ashipthattookhimaroundtheworldforfiveyears.Whilehewastravelling,hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsinthecountriesandontheislandsthattheshipvisited.DarwinalsospenthistimeonTheBeaglewritingnotesaboutthethingshehadseen.WhenhefinallyarrivedbackinBritain,Darwinwasalreadystartingtocreatehisfamoustheorythatalllivingthingshadacommonancestor(祖先).DownhouseAthomeatDownHouse,aplacethatyoucanstillvisittoday,Darwinwrotemanyarticlesandbooksabouthistravels,buthedidn’twanttomakeanythingabouthistheoryknowntothepublic.Heworkedinhisstudy,wherehewrote250,000wordsabouthistheoryofevolution(進化論),buthewasfrightenedaboutwhatpeoplemightsayabouthisideathatmonkeysweretheancestorsofhumans.Hethoughtthepublicwouldbeagainstitandwassofrightenedthathebecameillwithworry.However,whenanotherscientiststartedtowriteaboutsimilarideas,Darwindecidedtoprinthisbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.MostscientistsacceptedDarwin’stheoryandpeoplecontinuetostudyittoday.On12thFebruary,thedayhewasborn,DarwinDayiscelebratedaroundtheworldtoencouragemorepeopletostudythenaturalworld.WhatcausedDarwintogiveuphisstudyofmedicine?A.Hedidn’tlikeseeingblood.B.Hefoundthestudiestoodifficult.C.Hewaspushedtogiveupbyhisfamily.D.Hewasadvisedtostudynaturalscience.WhywasthetriponTheBeagleimportanttoDarwin?A.Ithelpedhimtofinishhisstudyattheuniversity.B.Itallowedhimtochangehismindabouthisfuture.C.Itgavehimideasaboutthebeginningsofhumanlife.D.Itgothimtocompletehismostfamousbookontheship.InwhatorderdidthefollowinghappeninDarwin’slife?a.HearrivedbackinBritainin1836.b.Hethoughtthepublicwouldnotsupporthisideas.c.Hebecameinterestedinstudyingthenaturalworld.d.Heprintedhisfamousbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.e.Hereceivedhelptogetaplaceonatriparoundtheworld.f.Hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsontheislandshevisited.A.e>f>c>a>b>d B.c>e>f>a>b>dC.e>f>a>c>d>b D.c>e>f>d>a>bWhydidthewriterincludethelastparagraph?A.TointroduceDarwin’sfamousbook.B.TotellhowpeoplecelebrateDarwinDay.C.ToexplainwhypeopleacceptDarwin’sideas.D.ToshowDarwin’sinfluenceonnaturalscience.(D)Imagineyouareinanewcity.Youasksomeonehowtogettoabookstore.Theytellyoutogostraight,turnleft,andyouwillfinditonyourleft.Infact,youcanalsofindyourwaywithaphone.Nowimagineyouareinanoutdoorgame.Youonlyhaveamapandacompass,andinsteadofrunningdownacityroad,youmayneedtorunaroundinthewoods,climboverrocksandgoupanddownhills.Welcometoorienteering!Inthegameoforienteering,playersuseamapandacompasstofindstations.Thesestationsarecalledcontrols.Aspecialflag,usuallyinbrightcolours,markseachcontrol.Controlsarenoteasytofind.Theymaybeinfrontofabigrockorbehindatree.Inmostofthegames,you’llhavetofindcontrolsinnumberedorder,butinsomegamesyoucanchangetheorder.Ateachcontrol,playersmarkacardtheycarrywiththemandthecardwillbemarkedindifferentways(SeeFigure1).Thecardsareveryimportantbecauseplayersmustfindallthecontrolstowin.Ifsomeonemissesacontrol,theywon’thavethatmarkontheircards.Theymightcrossthefinishlinefirst,butthenextpersontofinishwithafullcardwillwinthegame.Whatwillplayerscarryinthegame?A.Amap,acompassandaflag.B.Aflag,acompassandacard.C.Acompass,amapandacard.D.Aphone,acompassandamap.Whichofthefollowingisaruleofthegame?A.Youdon’tneedtomarkthecards.B.Youcan’tmissanyofthecontrolstowin.C.Youhavetofindcontrolsinnumberedorder.D.Youmustbethefirsttopassthefinishlinetowin.HowmanycontrolshasAnnafinishedinthegame?A.9. B.10. C.11. D.12.第二節閱讀填空(共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分)閱讀短文及文后A~E選項，選出可以填入41~45各題空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Weallknowthatexerciseisgoodforus,don’twe?41Justthinkingabouthavingtorunorswimalongwaycanbeenoughtomakesomepeoplewanttoliedownandgiveup!However,didyouknowthatexerciseisnotallaboutdoingsport?42Movingourbodiescausesourbrainstogiveoutsomespecialchemicalsthatcreateagoodfeeling.Justtenminutesofworkingoutcanleaveusfeelinghappier.Moreover,regularexercisehelpsusfeelfresherandgettosleepmoreeasily.Finally,ifweconnectourexercisewithahealthydiet,wewilllookhealthierandfeelmoreconfidentaboutourselves.Soundslikeagooddeal,doesn’tit?43Ifexercisehasn’tbeenpartofyourlifeforalongtime,thereisnopointtrainingforamarathon(馬拉松):youwillsoongiveupandgobacktoyouroldways!Walkingandridingbikesaroundthelocalparkfortenminuteseverydayaregreatwaystodevelopafitnesshabit.Chooseanactivitythatnotonlyexercisesyourbody,butthatyoualsoenjoy.Somepeoplesimplygojoggingwhilelisteningtotheirfavouritemusic.Otherstakeupactivitiessuchasdancingorplayingbasketballwiththeirfriends.Maketheexperiencemoreenjoyableasyouworkout.44Itdoesn’tmatterhowmuchweexercise.Doingregularexerciseisn’tjustaboutappearance.45Whowouldn’twantthat?A.Startsmall!B.Thatway,you’llnevergiveitup!C.It’saboutbeinghealthierandfeelinghappier.D.Forastart,exerciseisnotjustaboutthebody.E.Butwealsoknowthatnoteverybodylovesdoingit.四、寫作(共三節，滿分30分)第一節語篇填詞(共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分)閱讀短文，根據上下文和所給的首字母寫出所缺單詞。注意使用正確形式，每空限填一詞。答卷時，要求寫出完整單詞。DunhuangisahistoriccityinGansu.Inancienttimes,Dunhuangwasanimportant(46)c__________oftrade.AstheSilkRoaddeveloped,DunhuangbecameChina’swesterngatewaytotheworld.Here,differentculturesmetandinfluencedeachother.Peoplefrom(47)f__________countriesdidbusinessandcommunicatedwiththelocalpeople.Ifyou(48)v__________Dunhuang,youwillbeabletoseetheMogaoCaves(莫高窟).Ifyouwalk(49)i__________,youwilldiscoversomeofthewonderfulartworks.Thereareover45,000squaremetresofbeautifulpaintingsonthecavewalls,aswellasthousandsofstatues.Overtheyears,ChinahasmadegreateffortstoprotecttheMogaoCaves.Today,youcanalsofindhigh-qualityphotosoftheartworksontheInternet.Peopleallovertheworldnowhavea(50)c__________toseeDunhuang’streasuresonline.第二節完成句子(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據所給的漢語內容，用英語完成下列句子。(每空限填一詞)凱特計劃參加學校科學日活動。Ka