全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試（PETS）三級(jí)練習(xí)試題庫(kù)(遼寧省朝陽(yáng)市2025年下半年)

全國(guó)英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試（PETS）三級(jí)練習(xí)試題庫(kù)(遼寧省朝陽(yáng)市2025年下半年)PartAYouwillhear10shortdialogues.Foreachdialogue,thereisonequestionandthreepossibleanswers.Choosethecorrectanswer.1.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Takeadifferentroute.B.Leaveearlierforwork.C.Checkthetrafficreport.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inabookstore.C.Inaclassroom.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Anewmarketingstrategy.B.Thebudgetforaproject.C.Adelayinproductdelivery.4.Whydidthewomancancelherweekendtrip?A.Shehadtoworkovertime.B.Theweatherforecastwasterrible.C.Shecaughtabadcold.5.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthenewpolicy?A.Itistoostrict.B.Itisnecessaryandfair.C.Itwillbedifficulttoimplement.6.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Callatechnician.B.Fixtheprinterherself.C.Buyanewprinteronline.7.Howmuchdidtheconcertticketoriginallycost?A.$50.B.$60.C.$80.8.WhatdoesthemanimplyaboutSarah?A.Sheisnotqualifiedforthejob.B.Shewilllikelygetthepromotion.C.Sheisthinkingaboutquittingherjob.9.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Employerandemployee.C.Colleagues.10.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodo?A.Cookdinnerathome.B.Orderfoodfromarestaurant.C.Goouttoeatwiththeman.PartBYouwillhear4dialoguesormonologues.Beforelisteningtoeachone,youwillhave5secondstoreadthequestions.Afterlistening,youwillhavetimetoanswerthequestions.Questions11-13arebasedonthefollowingconversationaboutanenvironmentalproject.11.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheprojectmentionedbytheman?A.Toplanttreesinurbanareas.B.Tocleanupthelocalriver.C.Topromoterecyclinginschools.12.Howdoesthewomanplantocontributetotheproject?A.Bydonatingmoney.B.Byvolunteeringonweekends.C.Byorganizingapubliccampaign.13.Whatistheman'sattitudetowardstheproject'soutcome?A.Uncertain.B.Highlyoptimistic.C.Slightlyconcerned.Questions14-16arebasedonamonologueaboutsleepscience.14.Accordingtothespeaker,whatisaprimaryfunctionofdeepsleep?A.Memoryconsolidation.B.Musclegrowth.C.Regulatingbodytemperature.15.WhathappenstothebrainduringtheREMstage?A.Itstopsproducinghormones.B.Itprocessesemotionalexperiences.C.Itrepairsphysicaltissues.16.Whatisthespeaker'smainadviceforimprovingsleepquality?A.Takingsleepingpills.B.Avoidingscreensbeforebed.C.Exercisinglateatnight.Questions17-20arebasedonaconversationbetweentwocolleaguesaboutapresentation.17.Whyisthemanworriedabouthispresentation?A.Hehasn'tgatheredenoughdata.B.Heisnotfamiliarwiththenewsoftware.C.Helosthispresentationslides.18.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodotohelptheman?A.Givehimsomeofherdata.B.Helphimpracticehisdelivery.C.Lendhimherlaptop.19.Whenwillthepresentationtakeplace?A.OnMonday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnFriday.20.Whatdoesthemandecidetodoattheendoftheconversation?A.Postponethepresentation.B.Asksomeoneelsetopresent.C.Prepareandpracticeovertheweekend.ListeningComprehensionScript(forreference)PartA1.M:Thetrafficonthehighwayhasbeenanightmarelately.Iwasstuckforanhourthismorning.W:Maybeyoushouldtrylisteningtothemorningtrafficupdatesbeforeyouleave.Takingthelocalroadsmightsaveyousometime.2.M:Excuseme,I'mlookingforaspecificjournaloneconomics,butIcan'tseemtofinditontheshelves.W:Letmecheckthedigitalcatalogforyou.Ifit'snotcheckedout,itshouldbeonthethirdfloor.3.M:Themarketingteamjustinformedmethatthenewadvertisingcampaignisn'tgeneratingtheexpectedrevenue.W:That'sdisappointing.Weallocatedasignificantportionofourbudgettothis.Weneedtorethinkourstrategyimmediately.4.M:Ithoughtyouweregoingtothecoastthisweekend.W:Iwas,butthemeteorologistpredictedheavystormsfortheentireweekend.Idecidedtostayhomeandcatchuponmyreadinginstead.5.M:Didyoureadthenewcompanyhandbook?Theyaremonitoringourinternetusagequitestrictlynow.W:Well,giventherecentsecuritybreaches,Ithinkit'sanecessarymeasure.Weareusingcompanyresources,afterall.6.M:Theprinteronthesecondfloorisjammedagain,andIneedthesedocumentsforthemeetingintenminutes.W:Haveyoutriedunpluggingitandopeningthefrontpanel?Sometimespapergetsstuckdeepinside.Ifnot,IcancallIT.7.M:Didyoumanagetogetticketsforthemusicfestival?W:Yes,buttheywerequiteexpensive.Theoriginalpricewas60,8.M:Hasthemanagermadeadecisionaboutwhowillleadthenewbranch?W:Well,Sarahhasbeenworkingherethelongestandshehasthebestsalesrecord.It'shighlylikelyshe'llgettheposition.9.M:Professor,I'mreallystrugglingwiththefinalchapterofmythesis.Couldyougivemesomefeedbackonmydraft?W:Ofcourse.Bringittomyofficeduringofficehourstomorrow,andwecangooverittogether.10.M:I'mtooexhaustedtocooktonight.Howaboutweordersomepizza?W:Actually,IwasthinkingoftryingthatnewItalianplacedowntown.Butsinceyou'retired,orderinginsoundsmuchbetter.PartBQuestions11-13M:Hey,haveyouheardaboutthenewcommunityinitiative?It'scalled"CleanRiverProject".We'retryingtoremovetheplasticwastefromtheriverthatrunsthroughthecitycenter.W:Yes,Isawaflyeraboutityesterday.Itsoundslikeagreatidea,butitalsoseemslikeamassiveundertaking.Howareyouguysplanningtopullitoff?M:We'reorganizingteamsofvolunteerstogooutonweekends.We'vealsopartneredwithalocalrecyclingplanttoprocesswhateverwecollect.Ireallybelievewecanmakeanoticeabledifferencebytheendofthesummer.W:That'simpressive.I'dlovetohelpout,butmyweekendsareprettypackedrightnow.However,Icouldhelpdesignsomesocialmediapoststogetmorepeopleinvolved.M:Thatwouldbefantastic!Wedesperatelyneedmorehands,andagoodonlinecampaigncouldreallyboostournumbers.W:Consideritdone.I'lldraftsomedesignsthisweek.I'mabitworriedthatpeoplewon'tshowup,butyourenthusiasmmakesmethinkit'llworkout.M:Don'tworry,oncepeopleseethefirstgroupoutthere,they'llwanttojoinin.Questions14-16Welcometotoday'slectureonsleepscience.Manypeopleviewsleepasapassivestate,butit'sactuallyahighlyactiveprocess.Duringdeepsleep,yourbrainisbusyconsolidatingmemoriesfromtheday.It'stransferringinformationfromshort-termtolong-termstorage,whichiscrucialforlearning.Laterinthenight,youentertheREMstage,orRapidEyeMovement.Thisiswhenmostdreamingoccurs.Scientistsbelievethebrainusesthistimetoprocessemotionalexperiencesandregulatemood.It'sessentiallyaformofovernighttherapy.However,modernlifestylesseverelydisruptthesenaturalrhythms.Thebluelightemittedbysmartphonesandlaptopstricksyourbrainintothinkingit'sstilldaytime,suppressingmelatoninproduction.Therefore,myprimaryadviceforimprovingsleepqualityisstraightforward:banscreensfromyourbedroomandavoidlookingatthematleastanhourbeforeyougotosleep.Questions17-20M:I'minabitofapanic.Ihavetogivethequarterlysalespresentationtotheboardnextweek,andIjustfoundoutthenewdataanalysissoftwareweweresupposedtouseismuchmorecomplicatedthanIanticipated.Myslidesareamess.W:Takeadeepbreath.Whenisthepresentationexactly?M:Wednesdaymorning.Idon'tthinkIcanlearnthissoftwareandformatthedataproperlyintime.W:Well,I'vebeenusingthatsoftwareforafewmonthsnow.Ifyouwant,Icanhelpyousortoutthedataovertheweekend.Idon'tmindsparingafewhours.M:Really?Thatwouldbealifesaver.IwashonestlyconsideringaskingthebosstopushthemeetingtoFriday,butIknowhehatesdelays.W:Don'tpostponeit.Let'smeetattheofficeonSaturdaymorning.We'llgettheslidesdone,andthenIcanlistentoyourdeliveryifyouwanttopractice.M:You'realifesaver.I'llbuyyoulunchonSaturday.Let'sgetthisdonesoIcanactuallyrelaxonSunday.ListeningComprehensionAnswersandExplanations1.【答案】A【解析】女士建議男士在出發(fā)前收聽交通播報(bào)，并暗示走地方道路可能節(jié)省時(shí)間，因此是建議換一條路線。選項(xiàng)A正確。2.【答案】A【解析】男士提到尋找特定的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)期刊，女士提到檢查數(shù)字目錄并說(shuō)如果在三樓就能找到。期刊和目錄系統(tǒng)是典型的圖書館特征，故選A。3.【答案】B【解析】對(duì)話中男士提到營(yíng)銷團(tuán)隊(duì)未能產(chǎn)生預(yù)期收入，女士回應(yīng)說(shuō)他們?yōu)檫@個(gè)項(xiàng)目分配了大量預(yù)算。因此他們主要在討論項(xiàng)目預(yù)算，選項(xiàng)B正確。4.【答案】B【解析】女士明確提到氣象學(xué)家預(yù)測(cè)整個(gè)周末都有大風(fēng)暴，所以決定留在家里。選項(xiàng)B“天氣預(yù)報(bào)很糟糕”符合題意。5.【答案】B【解析】男士認(rèn)為新政策監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)使用太嚴(yán)格，女士反駁說(shuō)考慮到最近的安全漏洞，這是一個(gè)必要的措施，說(shuō)明她認(rèn)為政策是必要且公平的。故選B。6.【答案】A【解析】女士建議男士嘗試拔掉電源并打開前面板，并表示如果不行她可以打電話給IT部門。IT部門即技術(shù)人員，選項(xiàng)A“呼叫技術(shù)人員”是接下來(lái)可能發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。7.【答案】C【解析】女士提到原價(jià)是60，8.【答案】B【解析】女士提到Sarah工作時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)且銷售業(yè)績(jī)最好，說(shuō)她極有可能獲得這個(gè)職位。選項(xiàng)B“她可能會(huì)升職”符合題意。9.【答案】A【解析】男士稱呼女士為教授，并提到論文的最后一章以及草稿反饋，女士讓他明天辦公時(shí)間帶過(guò)來(lái)一起看。這是典型的師生關(guān)系，選A。10.【答案】B【解析】男士提議點(diǎn)披薩，女士本想出去吃意大利菜，但考慮到男士太累了，認(rèn)為點(diǎn)外賣更好。因此女士決定從餐廳點(diǎn)外賣，選項(xiàng)B正確。11.【答案】B【解析】男士提到的項(xiàng)目名稱為"CleanRiverProject"，目的是清除市中心河流中的塑料垃圾。選項(xiàng)B“清理當(dāng)?shù)睾恿鳌笔钦_答案。12.【答案】C【解析】女士說(shuō)她周末很忙無(wú)法去當(dāng)志愿者，但她可以幫忙設(shè)計(jì)社交媒體帖子來(lái)發(fā)動(dòng)更多人參與，即組織公眾活動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)C正確。13.【答案】B【解析】男士在對(duì)話中表示他相信到夏天結(jié)束時(shí)能產(chǎn)生明顯的改變，并且充滿熱情地鼓勵(lì)女士，說(shuō)明他對(duì)項(xiàng)目結(jié)果持高度樂(lè)觀態(tài)度。選項(xiàng)B正確。14.【答案】A【解析】演講者明確提到，在深度睡眠期間，大腦忙于鞏固一天的記憶，將信息從短期轉(zhuǎn)化為長(zhǎng)期儲(chǔ)存，這對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)至關(guān)重要。選項(xiàng)A正確。15.【答案】B【解析】關(guān)于REM階段，演講者提到科學(xué)家認(rèn)為大腦利用這段時(shí)間來(lái)處理情感經(jīng)歷和調(diào)節(jié)情緒，就像一種夜間心理治療。選項(xiàng)B正確。16.【答案】B【解析】演講者給出的主要建議是：禁止在臥室使用屏幕，并在睡前至少一小時(shí)不要看屏幕，因?yàn)樗{(lán)光會(huì)抑制褪黑素分泌。選項(xiàng)B正確。17.【答案】B【解析】男士說(shuō)他剛剛發(fā)現(xiàn)他們本應(yīng)使用的新數(shù)據(jù)分析軟件比他預(yù)期的復(fù)雜得多，幻燈片弄得一團(tuán)糟。說(shuō)明他對(duì)不熟悉新軟件感到擔(dān)憂。選項(xiàng)B正確。18.【答案】B【解析】女士主動(dòng)提出周末幫男士整理數(shù)據(jù)，并且在弄完之后可以聽他練習(xí)演講。選項(xiàng)B“幫助他練習(xí)表達(dá)”符合題意。19.【答案】B【解析】男士明確提到匯報(bào)是在周三早上。選項(xiàng)B正確。20.【答案】C【解析】男士在對(duì)話結(jié)尾接受了女士的幫助，并說(shuō)周六見，買午飯給她，這樣周日就能真正放松了。說(shuō)明他決定周末準(zhǔn)備并練習(xí)，選項(xiàng)C正確。Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestwordforeachnumberedblank.Theintegrationofartificialintelligence(AI)intotheeducationalsectorhassparkedaprofoundtransformationinhowknowledgeisimpartedandacquired.Whiletraditionalpedagogicalmethodsrelyheavily21thehumanelement—teacherintuition,empathy,anddynamicclassroominteraction—AIoffersasuiteoftoolsdesignedto22thelearningexperience.ProponentsarguethatAIcan23administrativeburdens,allowingeducatorstodevotemoretimetodirectstudentengagement.Forinstance,automatedgradingsystemscanevaluatemultiple-choiceandshort-answerquestionswith24accuracy,freeingteachersfromhoursoftediouspaperwork.Furthermore,AI-drivenplatformspossessthecapabilityto25learningmaterialstoindividualstudentneeds.Thispersonalizationisasignificant26fromthe"one-size-fits-all"approach.Byanalyzingdataonastudent'sperformance,learningpace,andevenengagementlevels,algorithmscan27specificareaswhereastudentstrugglesandoffertargetedexercisestobridgethosegaps.Thisadaptivelearningenvironmentensuresthatadvancedstudentsare28withmorechallengingmaterial,whilethoserequiringadditionalsupportreceiveit29.However,theimplementationofAIineducationisnotwithoutits30.Criticspointoutthatanover-relianceontechnologymight31thecrucialsocialandemotionallearningthatoccursinhuman-to-humaninteractions.Amachine,32howsophisticated,cannotreplicatetheempathyofateacherwho33astudent'sfrustrationordetectsunderlyingissuesathomeaffectingtheirperformance.Therearealso34privacyconcernsregardingthevastamountsofdatacollectedonstudents,raisingquestionsaboutwhoownsthisdataandhowitmightbeusedinthefuture.Inconclusion,whileAIholdstremendous35torevolutionizeeducation,itshouldbeviewedasacomplementto,ratherthanareplacementfor,humaneducators.Thegoalshouldbetostrikeabalancewheretechnologyhandlestherepetitivetasks,allowingteacherstofocusonwhattheydobest:inspiring,mentoring,andguidingstudents.21.A.toB.onC.inD.with22.A.complicateB.elevateC.monitorD.dictate23.A.increaseB.transferC.alleviateD.allocate24.A.remarkableB.questionableC.minimalD.faulty25.A.standardizeB.simplifyC.tailorD.distribute26.A.departureB.arrivalC.distanceD.approach27.A.createB.hideC.ignoreD.identify28.A.presentedB.boredC.overwhelmedD.satisfied29.A.promptinglyB.reluctantlyC.invisiblyD.voluntarily30.A.advantagesB.challengesC.supportersD.budgets31.A.enhanceB.facilitateC.stifleD.encourage32.A.regardingB.despiteC.nomatterD.however33.A.misunderstandsB.sensesC.ignoresD.criticizes34.A.validB.dismissedC.falseD.exaggerated35.A.threatB.potentialC.dangerD.riskUseofEnglishAnswersandExplanations21.【答案】B【解析】本題考查固定搭配。relyheavilyon意為“嚴(yán)重依賴”。句意：傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)方法嚴(yán)重依賴人的因素。故選B。22.【答案】B【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。complicate使復(fù)雜化；elevate提升；monitor監(jiān)控；dictate命令。句意：AI提供了一套旨在提升學(xué)習(xí)體驗(yàn)的工具。故選B。23.【答案】C【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。increase增加；transfer轉(zhuǎn)移；alleviate減輕；allocate分配。句意：支持者認(rèn)為AI可以減輕行政負(fù)擔(dān)，讓教育工作者有更多時(shí)間投入到直接的學(xué)生互動(dòng)中。故選C。24.【答案】A【解析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。remarkable顯著的，卓越的；questionable可疑的；minimal最小的；faulty有缺陷的。句意：自動(dòng)評(píng)分系統(tǒng)能以驚人的準(zhǔn)確率評(píng)估選擇題。故選A。25.【答案】C【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。standardize使標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化；simplify簡(jiǎn)化；tailor量身定制；distribute分配。句意：AI驅(qū)動(dòng)的平臺(tái)具備為學(xué)生需求量身定制學(xué)習(xí)材料的能力。故選C。26.【答案】A【解析】本題考查名詞詞義辨析。departure背離，偏離；arrival到達(dá)；distance距離；approach方法。句意：這種個(gè)性化是對(duì)“一刀切”方法的重大背離。adeparturefrom為固定搭配。故選A。27.【答案】D【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。create創(chuàng)造；hide隱藏；ignore忽視；identify識(shí)別。句意：算法可以識(shí)別學(xué)生遇到困難的具體領(lǐng)域，并提供有針對(duì)性的練習(xí)來(lái)彌補(bǔ)這些差距。故選D。28.【答案】A【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。present呈現(xiàn)；bore使厭煩；overwhelm壓倒；satisfy滿足。句意：這種自適應(yīng)學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境確保了高水平的學(xué)生能獲得更具挑戰(zhàn)性的材料。bepresentedwith為固定搭配，意為“被提供”。故選A。29.【答案】A【解析】本題考查副詞詞義辨析。promptingly迅速地，及時(shí)地；reluctantly不情愿地；invisibly看不見地；voluntarily自愿地。句意：而需要額外支持的學(xué)生能及時(shí)得到幫助。故選A。30.【答案】B【解析】本題考查名詞詞義辨析。advantages優(yōu)勢(shì)；challenges挑戰(zhàn)；supporters支持者；budgets預(yù)算。句意：然而，AI在教育中的應(yīng)用并非沒(méi)有挑戰(zhàn)。notwithoutchallenges為雙重否定表肯定。故選B。31.【答案】C【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。enhance增強(qiáng)；facilitate促進(jìn)；stifle扼殺，抑制；encourage鼓勵(lì)。句意：過(guò)度依賴技術(shù)可能會(huì)扼殺人際交往中發(fā)生的關(guān)鍵的社會(huì)和情感學(xué)習(xí)。故選C。32.【答案】C【解析】本題考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：無(wú)論機(jī)器多么精密，都無(wú)法復(fù)制老師的共情能力。nomatterhow引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，等于however。故選C。33.【答案】B【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。misunderstands誤解；senses感覺(jué)；ignores忽視；criticizes批評(píng)。句意：機(jī)器無(wú)法復(fù)制那種能感覺(jué)到學(xué)生挫敗感或察覺(jué)影響其表現(xiàn)的家庭潛在問(wèn)題的老師的共情能力。故選B。34.【答案】A【解析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。valid合理的，有效的；dismissed被駁回的；false錯(cuò)誤的；exaggerated夸大的。句意：關(guān)于收集學(xué)生大量數(shù)據(jù)也存在合理的隱私問(wèn)題。故選A。35.【答案】B【解析】本題考查名詞詞義辨析。threat威脅；potential潛力；danger危險(xiǎn)；risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。句意：雖然AI具有徹底改變教育的巨大潛力，但它應(yīng)被視為人類教育者的補(bǔ)充，而不是替代品。故選B。Readthefollowingthreetexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtext.Text1Theimpactofclimatechangeonglobalagriculturehasbecomeanundeniablereality,manifestinginunpredictableweatherpatterns,prolongeddroughts,anddevastatingfloods.Forcenturies,farmershavereliedonhistoricalweatherdataandgenerationalknowledgetodictateplantingandharvestingschedules.However,theshiftingclimatebaselinehasrenderedtraditionalforecastingmethodsincreasinglyobsolete,forcingtheagriculturalsectortoseekinnovativesolutionstoensurefoodsecurity.Oneofthemostpromisingadvancementsistheintegrationofprecisionagriculture,drivenbyInternetofThings(IoT)technology.Bydeployinganetworkofsensorsacrossfields,farmerscannowmonitorsoilmoisture,temperature,andnutrientlevelsinreal-time.Thismicro-leveldataallowsforhighlyefficientresourcemanagement.Forinstance,ratherthanwateringanentirefieldonasetschedule,automatedirrigationsystemscandeliverwateronlytospecificzonesthatneedit,preciselywhentheyneedit.Thisnotonlyconservesvitalwaterresourcesbutalsopreventstheleachingoffertilizersintogroundwater.Furthermore,thedevelopmentofdrought-resistantandheat-tolerantcropvarietiesthroughgeneticmodificationandconventionalbreedinghasprovidedacrucialbufferagainstextremeweather.Agriculturalscientistsarenowabletoisolatespecificgenesthatallowcertainplantstosurviveinhigh-salinitysoilsorwithstandprolongedperiodswithoutrain.Whilethesebiotechnologicalinterventionsarenotasilverbullet,theyrepresentacriticaltoolinmaintainingcropyieldsundersuboptimalconditions.Despitethesetechnologicalleaps,theeconomicbarriertoentryremainsasignificanthurdle.Smallholderfarmers,whoproduceasubstantialportionoftheworld'sfood,oftenlackthecapitaltoinvestinIoTinfrastructureorpremiumgeneticallymodifiedseeds.Consequently,thereisagrowingdividebetweenlarge-scale,technologicallyequippedfarmsandsmalleroperationsthatareleftvulnerabletothevagariesofclimatechange.Bridgingthisgapwillrequiretargetedgovernmentsubsidiesandinternationalcooperationtoensurethatthebenefitsofagriculturalinnovationareaccessibletoall.36.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whyaretraditionalfarmingmethodsbecominglesseffective?A.Becausefarmersareforgettinggenerationalknowledge.B.Becausethebaselineclimatehasshifted.C.Becausehistoricalweatherdataisnolongercollected.D.Becauseplantingscheduleshavebeenbanned.37.HowdoesIoTtechnologyimprovewatermanagementinprecisionagriculture?A.Bypredictinglong-termweatherpatterns.B.Bywateringtheentirefieldonasetschedule.C.Byprovidingreal-timedatatoautomatetargetedwatering.D.Bypreventingtheuseoffertilizerscompletely.38.Whatistheroleofbiotechnologyincombatingclimatechangeeffectsoncrops?A.Itcompletelyeliminatestheneedforirrigation.B.Itcreatesplantsthatcangrowwithoutsoil.C.Ithelpsplantssurviveextremeweatherandpoorsoilconditions.D.Itreducesthecostoffarmingequipment.39.Whatisthemainchallengefacingthewidespreadadoptionoftheseagriculturaltechnologies?A.Lackofscientificresearch.B.Resistancefromlarge-scalefarms.C.Thehighcostpreventingsmallholderfarmersfromparticipating.D.Thetechnologiesarenoteffectiveenough.40.Whatistheauthor'stoneinthefinalparagraphregardingthefutureofsmallholderfarmers?A.Completelypessimistic.B.Cautiouslyoptimisticbutrealistic.C.Indifferenttotheirstruggles.D.Highlycriticaloftheirmethods.Text2Themoderncorporatelandscapehasundergoneaseismicshiftwiththewidespreadadoptionofremotework,atransitionacceleratedbyglobalevents.Whiletheabsenceofadailycommuteandtheflexibilityofworkingfromhomehavebeenlaudedbyemployees,alessdiscussedphenomenonhasemerged:theerosionofboundariesbetweenprofessionalandpersonallife,leadingtoauniqueformofpsychologicalfatigueknownas"telecommutingburnout."Inatraditionalofficesetting,thephysicalactofleavingtheworkspaceservesasapsychologicalcue,signalingtheendoftheworkday.Thisspatialseparationallowsemployeestomentallydetachfromwork-relatedstress.However,inaremoteworkenvironment,thehometransformsintoamulti-functionalspace.Thediningtablebecomesadesk,andthebedroomismerelystepsawayfromtheoffice.Thisoverlappingofcontextsmakesitexceedinglydifficultforthebraintodisengage.Employeesoftenfindthemselvescheckingemailslateatnightorfeelingcompelledtoprovetheirproductivitybybeingconstantlyavailable,aphenomenontermed"digitalpresenteeism."Thescientificresearchindicatesthattheefficiencyofthebrain'swasteclearancesystem,knownastheglymphaticsystem,canbemathematicallymodeledbytheformulaE=,whereErepresentsclearanceefficiency,kisaconstant,isthetotalsleeptime,andisthevolumeofcerebrospinalfluid.Thismodelhighlightsthatboththequantityofsleep()andphysiologicalfactors()dictatehowwellthebrainclearsneurotoxicwaste.Chronicoverworkandanxietyassociatedwithtelecommutingburnoutseverelydisruptdeepsleep,therebydirectlyreducinganddiminishingthebrain'sabilitytorecover.Tomitigatethisrisk,expertsadvocatefortheestablishmentofrigidpsychologicalandphysicalboundaries.Thisincludesdesignatingaspecificareasolelyforwork,adheringtostrictstartandendtimes,andphysicallyshuttingdownworkdevicesattheendoftheday.Furthermore,managersmustfosteraculturethatvaluesoutputoverhourslogged,discouragingtheexpectationofinstantaneousresponsesoutsideofworkinghours.Ultimately,thesustainabilityofremoteworkdependsnotjustontechnologicalinfrastructure,butonthepsychologicalresilienceoftheworkforce.41.Whatistheprimarycauseof"telecommutingburnout"accordingtothetext?A.Thelongcommutetowork.B.Thelackoftechnologicalinfrastructure.C.Theblurringofboundariesbetweenworkandpersonallife.D.Thedecreaseinemployeesalaries.42.Whatdoestheterm"digitalpresenteeism"refertointhecontextofremotework?A.Beingphysicallypresentintheofficewithoutworking.B.Feelingcompelledtobeconstantlyonlineandresponsive.C.Attendingvirtualmeetingswithoutturningonthecamera.D.Usingdigitaltoolstotrackemployeeproductivity.43.BasedontheprovidedmathematicalformulaE=A.Itincreasesthevolumeofcerebrospinalfluid().B.Itdecreasesthetotalsleeptime(),reducingwasteclearance.C.Itincreasestheconstant(k),leadingtohigherefficiency.D.Ithasnomeasurableeffectonthebrain'srecoveryprocess.44.WhichofthefollowingisNOTarecommendedstrategytocombatremoteworkfatigue?A.Creatingadedicatedphysicalworkspace.B.Maintainingstrictworkinghours.C.Leavingworkdevicesonthroughoutthenight.D.Valuingactualoutputoverthenumberofhoursworked.45.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Remoteworkisinherentlyflawedandshouldbeabolished.B.Thetraditionalofficesettingissuperiorforpsychologicalhealth.C.Remoteworkrequiresdeliberateboundarysettingtopreventburnout.D.Managersshouldmonitoremployeesmorecloselyinremotesettings.Text3Thehistoryofhumancivilizationisdeeplyintertwinedwiththehistoryofagriculture.Thetransitionfromnomadichunter-gatherersocietiestosettledagriculturalcommunities,whichbeganaround10,000BCE,isarguablythemostsignificantturningpointinhumanhistory.Thisperiod,knownastheNeolithicRevolution,laidthefoundationformodernsociety,butitalsobroughtaboutunforeseenconsequencesthatcontinuetoaffectustoday.Priortotheagriculturalrevolution,humandietswereincrediblydiverse,consistingofhundredsofdifferentplantandanimalspeciesdependingontheseasonandregion.Thisnutritionaldiversityprovidedarobustdefenseagainststarvationandnutrientdeficiencies.However,ashumansbegantodomesticatecrops,theyconcentratedtheireffortsonahandfulofhigh-yieldstaplessuchaswheat,rice,andmaize.Whilethiscaloricconcentrationallowedpopulationstoboomandcitiestorise,itcreatedavulnerability.Afailureinasinglestaplecropduetodiseaseordroughtcouldleadtowidespreadfamine,arisklessprevalentinthediverseforagingdietsofthepast.Furthermore,theshifttosettledfarmingbroughtaboutsignificantchangesinhumanhealth.Skeletalremainsfromearlyagriculturalcommunitiesshowamarkeddecreaseinheightcomparedtotheirhunter-gathererancestors,astrongindicatorofnutritionalstressandincreaseddiseaseburden.Livingincloseproximitytodomesticatedanimalsfacilitatedthetransmissionofzoonoticdiseases,suchasinfluenzaandsmallpox,whichbecameendemicinhumanpopulations.Thecrowded,sedentarynatureofearlyvillagesalsoprovidedidealbreedinggroundsforpathogens.Despitethesedrawbacks,agricultureprovidedthesurplusnecessaryforsocialstratification.Noteveryoneneededtobeinvolvedinfoodproduction,allowingfortheemergenceofspecializedprofessions—artisans,priests,soldiers,andrulers.Thissocialcomplexityledtorapidtechnologicalandculturaladvancements.However,thedeep-seatedrelianceonafewkeycropshasleftalastinglegacy.Today,modernglobalfoodsystemsarestillprecariouslybalancedonalimitednumberofplantspecies.Understandingthehistoricaltrade-offsoftheagriculturalrevolutioniscrucialaswefacefuturechallengesregardingfoodsecurityandclimateadaptation.46.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.ThetechnologicaladvancementsoftheNeolithicperiod.B.Theoriginsandconsequencesoftheagriculturalrevolution.C.Thediseasestransmittedbydomesticatedanimals.D.Thecomparisonbetweenancientandmodernfarmingtechniques.47.Accordingtothetext,whatwasamajoradvantageofthepre-agriculturaldiet?A.Itwashigherincalories.B.Itreliedheavilyonwheatandmaize.C.Itprovidedrobustdefenseagainststarvationthroughdiversity.D.Itallowedforeasierstorageoffood.48.Whydidearlyagriculturalcommunitiesexperienceadecreaseinheight?A.Duetoincreasedphysicallabor.B.Duetonutritionalstressanddisease.C.Duetothelackofmedicalfacilities.D.Duetogeneticmutations.49.Whatenabledthedevelopmentofspecializedprofessionsinearlysocieties?A.Thediverseforagingdiet.B.Thesurplusoffoodgeneratedbyagriculture.C.Thedecreaseindiseases.D.Thenomadiclifestyle.50.Whatcanbeinferredaboutmodernfoodsystemsfromthefinalparagraph?A.Theyarehighlydiverseandresistanttodisease.B.Theyhavecompletelyovercomethevulnerabilitiesofearlyagriculture.C.Theystillsufferfromanover-relianceonafewkeycrops.D.Theynolongerdependonwheat,rice,andmaize.ReadingComprehensionAnswersandExplanations36.【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段指出，氣候基線的改變使得傳統(tǒng)的預(yù)測(cè)方法越來(lái)越過(guò)時(shí)。也就是說(shuō)傳統(tǒng)的務(wù)農(nóng)方式變得不那么有效是因?yàn)榛€氣候已經(jīng)發(fā)生了改變。選項(xiàng)B正確。37.【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段提到，通過(guò)部署傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)，農(nóng)民可以實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控土壤濕度等，這種微觀數(shù)據(jù)允許高效的資源管理。自動(dòng)灌溉系統(tǒng)可以只在需要的特定區(qū)域澆水。選項(xiàng)C“通過(guò)提供實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)自動(dòng)化定向澆水”符合題意。38.【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段提到，農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)家現(xiàn)在能夠分離出特定的基因，使得某些植物能夠在高鹽度土壤中生存或withstandprolongedperiodswithoutrain（忍受長(zhǎng)時(shí)間無(wú)雨）。即幫助植物在極端天氣和惡劣土壤條件下生存。選項(xiàng)C正確。39.【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第四段指出，經(jīng)濟(jì)準(zhǔn)入門檻仍然是一個(gè)重大障礙。小農(nóng)戶通常缺乏投資物聯(lián)網(wǎng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施或高價(jià)轉(zhuǎn)基因種子的資金。因此主要挑戰(zhàn)是高昂的成本阻礙了小農(nóng)戶的參與。選項(xiàng)C正確。40.【答案】B【解析】態(tài)度推斷題。最后一段指出需要政府補(bǔ)貼和國(guó)際合作來(lái)確保農(nóng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新的益處人人都能獲得，這表明作者既看到了挑戰(zhàn)，也提出了解決方向，態(tài)度是謹(jǐn)慎樂(lè)觀但現(xiàn)實(shí)的。選項(xiàng)B正確。41.【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一