（2027年春）八年級下冊英語知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)（2024修訂人教版）

2024修訂版人教版八年級英語下冊各單元知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)完整版顏色標(biāo)注說明：紅色=核心語法藍(lán)色=重要句型綠色=重點(diǎn)短語紫色=易錯點(diǎn)

Unit1TimetoRelax■話題：休閑時光、興趣愛好、課余活動一、重點(diǎn)單詞?relaxv.放松；休息?hobbyn.愛好?collectv.收集?collectionn.收藏品?stampn.郵票?coinn.硬幣?paintv.畫畫n.油漆?drawingn.繪畫?chessn.國際象棋?puzzlen.謎；拼圖?preferv.更喜歡?choosev.選擇?decidev.決定?enjoyv.享受；喜歡?boredadj.無聊的?interestingadj.有趣的?relaxingadj.令人放松的?activityn.活動?freeadj.空閑的；免費(fèi)的?spendv.花費(fèi)（時間/金錢）二、重點(diǎn)短語?timetorelax該放松了?inone'sfreetime在某人的空閑時間?collectstamps收集郵票?playchess下國際象棋?playthepiano彈鋼琴?playtheguitar彈吉他?dopuzzles玩拼圖?takephotos拍照?listentomusic聽音樂?readcomics看漫畫?watchcartoons看動畫片?playvideogames玩電子游戲?preferdoingAtodoingB比起B(yǎng)更喜歡A?spendtimedoingsth.花時間做某事?enjoydoingsth.喜歡做某事三、重點(diǎn)句型1.—Whatdoyouliketodoinyourfreetime?—Ilikecollectingstamps.2.—What'syourhobby?—Myhobbyisplayingtheguitar.3.—Doyoupreferreadingorpainting?—Ipreferreading.4.—Whydoyouenjoyplayingchess?—Becauseit'sinteresting.5.—Iwanttolearnhowtoplaythepiano.6.—Shespendstwohoursdrawingpictureseveryweekend.7.—Idon'tknowwhattodothisweekend.8.—Let'sfindsomethingfuntodo!四、語法要點(diǎn)1.動詞不定式作賓語（核心語法）：wanttodosth.想要做某事decidetodosth.決定做某事choosetodosth.選擇做某事learntodosth.學(xué)習(xí)做某事hopetodosth.希望做某事2.疑問詞+動詞不定式（核心語法）：whattodo做什么howtodoit怎么做wheretogo去哪里whentostart何時開始whichtochoose選哪個3.prefer的用法：preferAtoB（比起B(yǎng)更喜歡A）preferdoingAtodoingB4.spend的用法：spendtime/moneydoingsth.花時間/金錢做某事spendtime/moneyonsth.花時間/金錢在某事上五、易錯點(diǎn)1.enjoy后接動名詞：enjoydoing（不是enjoytodo）2.prefer后用to連接：preferAtoB（不是preferAthanB）3.spenddoingsth.（用-ing形式，不是spendtodo）4.decidetodo（不定式），不接doing5.疑問詞+todo結(jié)構(gòu)中to不可省略：Idon'tknowwhattodo6.freetime中的free指"空閑的"，不是"自由的"或"免費(fèi)的"7.bored（人感到無聊）vsboring（事物令人無聊）━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

Unit2StayHealthy■話題：健康與安全、身體保健、就醫(yī)用語一、重點(diǎn)單詞?healthn.健康?healthyadj.健康的?unhealthyadj.不健康的?stomachachen.胃痛?headachen.頭痛?toothachen.牙痛?fevern.發(fā)燒?coughn.&v.咳嗽?coldn.感冒?medicinen.藥?doctorn.醫(yī)生?patientn.病人?hurtv.疼痛；受傷?restn.&v.休息?exercisev.鍛煉n.運(yùn)動?dietn.飲食?habitn.習(xí)慣?safeadj.安全的?dangern.危險?injurev.受傷?cutv.切；割n.傷口?burnv.燒傷n.燒傷二、重點(diǎn)短語?stayhealthy保持健康?haveacold感冒?haveafever發(fā)燒?haveacough咳嗽?haveastomachache胃痛?haveaheadache頭痛?haveatoothache牙痛?gotoseeadoctor去看醫(yī)生?takemedicine吃藥?takearest休息一下?doexercise做運(yùn)動?eatabalanceddiet飲食均衡?drinkplentyofwater多喝水?stayuplate熬夜?lookafteroneself照顧自己?protectoneself保護(hù)自己三、重點(diǎn)句型1.—What'sthematter(withyou)?—Ihaveaheadache.2.—What'swrongwithyou?—Ihaveastomachache.3.—Youshoulddrinkmorewaterandhaveagoodrest.4.—Youshouldn'teattoomuchjunkfood.5.—ShouldItakethismedicine?—Yes,youshould.6.—Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?—Fortwodays.7.—Takecareofyourselfandstayhealthy!8.—Hehurthimselfwhileplayingfootball.四、語法要點(diǎn)1.should/shouldn't表建議（核心語法）：肯定句：Youshoulddrinkmorewater.（你應(yīng)該多喝水）否定句：Youshouldn'teattoomuchsugar.（你不該吃太多糖）疑問句：ShouldItakethismedicine?（我應(yīng)該吃這個藥嗎？）回答：Yes,youshould./No,youshouldn't.2.反身代詞（核心語法）：myself我自己yourself你自己himself他自己herself她自己itself它自己ourselves我們自己yourselves你們自己themselves他們自己3.反身代詞常用搭配：enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime玩得開心lookafteroneself照顧自己hurtoneself傷到自己teachoneself自學(xué)4.What'sthematter(with...)?=What'swrong(with...)?怎么了？五、易錯點(diǎn)1.should后接動詞原形：shoulddrink（不是shouldtodrink）2.反身代詞與主語保持一致：Shehurtherself（不是Shehurthimself）3.haveaheadache/stomachache中用have，不用get4.takemedicine（吃藥），不用eatmedicine或drinkmedicine5.toomuch+不可數(shù)名詞：toomuchsugar；toomany+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)6.healthy（形容詞，健康的）vshealth（名詞，健康）7.stayhealthy中stay是系動詞，后接形容詞━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

Unit3GrowingUp■話題：成長中的煩惱、人際交往、建議與溝通一、重點(diǎn)單詞?growv.成長；生長?growup長大?problemn.問題；煩惱?worryn.&v.擔(dān)心?arguev.爭吵?argumentn.爭論?communicatev.交流?communicationn.交流?understandv.理解?advicen.建議?suggestv.建議?allowv.允許?refusev.拒絕?dealv.處理?pressuren.壓力?stressedadj.有壓力的?nervousadj.緊張的?lonelyadj.孤獨(dú)的?fairadj.公平的?unfairadj.不公平的?repairv.修理二、重點(diǎn)短語?growup長大?arguewithsb.與某人爭吵?communicatewithsb.與某人交流?dealwith處理；應(yīng)付?workout解決；算出?getonwellwith與...相處融洽?givesb.someadvice給某人一些建議?worryabout擔(dān)心?bestressedout壓力很大?beangrywithsb.生某人的氣?saysorrytosb.向某人道歉?allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事?refusetodosth.拒絕做某事?haveatalk談一談?makeadecision做決定三、重點(diǎn)句型1.—WhatshouldIdo?—Youcouldtalktoyourparents.2.—Whydon'tyoutalktoyourfriend?—That'sagoodidea.3.—Whynotaskyourteacherforhelp?—Soundsgreat.4.—Howaboutwritingalettertohim?—Goodidea.5.—You'dbettercommunicatewithyourparents.6.—Iarguedwithmybestfriend.WhatshouldIdo?7.—Herefusestotalktome.WhatcanIdo?8.—Myparentsdon'tallowmetoplaycomputergames.四、語法要點(diǎn)1.could表建議（核心語法）：could比should語氣更委婉、客氣Youcouldtalktoyourparents.（你可以和父母談?wù)劊℡oucouldtrytomakefriendswithhim.（你可以試著和他交朋友）2.Whydon'tyou...?句型（核心語法）：Whydon'tyou+動詞原形?=Whynot+動詞原形?Whydon'tyoutalktohim?=Whynottalktohim?3.表建議的其他句型：Howabout/Whatabout+doingsth.?You'dbetter(not)+動詞原形Let's+動詞原形4.allowsb.todosth.（允許某人做某事）beallowedtodosth.（被允許做某事-被動語態(tài)）五、易錯點(diǎn)1.advice是不可數(shù)名詞：someadvice（不是anadvice或advices）2.Whydon'tyou后接動詞原形，不加to（不是Whydon'tyoutotalk）3.Howabout后接doing：Howabouttalking（不是Howabouttalk）4.arguewithsb.（與某人爭吵），不用arguetosb.5.allowsb.todo（允許做），被動形式beallowedtodo6.dealwith（處理）中的deal過去式是dealt7.communication是名詞，communicate是動詞━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

Unit4TheWondersofNature■話題：自然奇觀、旅行經(jīng)歷、風(fēng)景名勝一、重點(diǎn)單詞?wondern.奇觀v.想知道?wonderfuladj.極好的?naturen.自然?naturaladj.自然的?mountainn.山?waterfalln.瀑布?forestn.森林?desertn.沙漠?laken.湖?rivern.河流?oceann.海洋?islandn.島嶼?caven.洞穴?sceneryn.風(fēng)景?viewn.景色；視野?travelv.旅行?tripn.旅行?journeyn.旅程?experiencen.經(jīng)歷v.經(jīng)歷?amazingadj.令人驚嘆的?breathtakingadj.令人嘆為觀止的?explorev.探索二、重點(diǎn)短語?thewondersofnature自然奇觀?have/hasbeento去過（某地）?have/hasgoneto去了（某地）?goonatrip去旅行?takephotos拍照?enjoythescenery欣賞風(fēng)景?travelaround周游?explorethecave探索洞穴?befamousfor因...而聞名?beinterestedin對...感興趣?inthesouth/northof在...的南部/北部?millionsof數(shù)百萬的?beamazedat對...感到驚嘆?naturalbeauty自然之美三、重點(diǎn)句型1.—HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?—Yes,Ihave.2.—HasshebeentoMountTai?—No,shehasn't.3.—Wherehaveyoubeen?—I'vebeentoBeijing.4.—HehasgonetoShanghai.He'llbebacknextweek.5.—Ihaveneverbeentoanislandbefore.6.—Thescenerythereisbreathtaking!7.—It'soneofthemostamazingnaturalwondersintheworld.8.—Wehadawonderfulexperienceexploringtheforest.四、語法要點(diǎn)1.現(xiàn)在完成時have/hasbeento（核心語法）：表示"曾經(jīng)去過某地"（已返回）IhavebeentoShanghaitwice.（我去過上海兩次）ShehasbeentotheUSA.（她去過美國）2.have/hasbeento與have/hasgoneto的區(qū)別：have/hasbeento：去過（已回來）have/hasgoneto：去了（還沒回來）HehasbeentoLondon.（他去過倫敦，已回來）HehasgonetoLondon.（他去了倫敦，還沒回來）3.現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has+過去分詞規(guī)則變化：play→played,visit→visited,travel→travelled不規(guī)則變化：go→gone,see→seen,be→been,do→done4.ever和never用于現(xiàn)在完成時：Haveyoueverbeento...?（你曾經(jīng)去過...嗎？）Ihaveneverbeento...（我從沒去過...）五、易錯點(diǎn)1.havebeento（去過，已回）vshavegoneto（去了，未回）2.第三人稱單數(shù)用has：Hehasbeento...（不是Hehavebeento）3.been是be的過去分詞，不是go的過去分詞（go→gone）4.ever用于疑問句，never用于否定句5.millionsof（數(shù)百萬的），但twomillion（不加of和s）6.befamousfor（因...出名）vsbefamousas（作為...出名）7.scenery是不可數(shù)名詞，不加a也不加s━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

Unit5Nature'sTemper■話題：自然災(zāi)害、突發(fā)事件、過去進(jìn)行時一、重點(diǎn)單詞?tempern.脾氣；情緒?earthquaken.地震?floodn.洪水?stormn.暴風(fēng)雨?typhoonn.臺風(fēng)?rainstormn.暴雨?snowstormn.暴風(fēng)雪?lightningn.閃電?thundern.雷聲?windn.風(fēng)?rainheavily下大雨?destroyv.破壞；摧毀?damagen.&v.損害?rescuev.&n.營救?safeadj.安全的?dangern.危險?suddenadj.突然的?suddenlyadv.突然地?happenv.發(fā)生?strikev.襲擊二、重點(diǎn)短語?nature'stemper自然的脾氣（指自然災(zāi)害）?atthattime在那時?atthistimeyesterday昨天這個時候?at8:00lastnight昨晚8點(diǎn)?whentheearthquakehappened地震發(fā)生時?whileIwassleeping當(dāng)我睡覺時?rainheavily下大雨?blowstrongly風(fēng)刮得很大?dosomecleaning做清潔?takeshelter躲避?indanger處于危險中?outofdanger脫離危險?runaway逃跑?callforhelp呼救?calmdown冷靜下來三、重點(diǎn)句型1.—Whatwereyoudoingat8:00lastnight?—Iwasdoingmyhomework.2.—Whatwashedoingwhentherainstormcame?—Hewasreadingabook.3.—Wereyousleepingatthattime?—Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasn't.4.—WhileIwaswalkinghome,itstartedtorain.5.—Whentheearthquakehappened,peoplewererunningoutofbuildings.6.—Thestormdestroyedmanyhousesyesterday.7.—Weshouldstaycalmwhendangercomes.8.—Itwasrainingheavilywhenwearrived.四、語法要點(diǎn)1.過去進(jìn)行時was/were+doing（核心語法）：表示過去某時刻/某時段正在進(jìn)行的動作Iwasreadingat8:00lastnight.（昨晚8點(diǎn)我正在看書）Theywereplayingfootballatthattime.（那時他們正在踢足球）2.過去進(jìn)行時的句式變化：否定句：Iwasn'treading./Theyweren'tplaying.疑問句：Wereyoureading?/Washeplaying?回答：Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasn't.3.when和while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句：when+一般過去時（短暫性動作）：WhenIcamein,hewasreading.while+過去進(jìn)行時（延續(xù)性動作）：WhileIwassleeping,thephonerang.4.when與while的區(qū)別：when可接短暫性或延續(xù)性動詞while通常接延續(xù)性動詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個動作同時進(jìn)行五、易錯點(diǎn)1.was用于I/he/she/it，were用于we/you/they2.過去進(jìn)行時要用was/were+doing，不能只用did3.while從句中通常用延續(xù)性動詞，不用短暫性動詞正確：WhileIwasreading...（不是WhileIarrived）4.happen（發(fā)生）沒有被動語態(tài)：Theearthquakehappened（不用washappened）5.atthattime指過去某時刻，用過去進(jìn)行時6.destroy（摧毀）后直接接賓語，不需要介詞7.calmdown（冷靜下來），down是副詞不是介詞━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

Unit6CrossingCultures■話題：跨文化交流、文化差異、中外習(xí)俗一、重點(diǎn)單詞?culturen.文化?culturaladj.文化的?crossv.穿越n.十字?customn.習(xí)俗；風(fēng)俗?traditionn.傳統(tǒng)?traditionaladj.傳統(tǒng)的?differencen.差異?differentadj.不同的?foreignadj.外國的?foreignern.外國人?greetingn.問候?bowv.鞠躬?shakev.搖晃；握手?hugv.&n.擁抱?kissv.&n.親吻?politeadj.禮貌的?impoliteadj.不禮貌的?respectv.&n.尊重?exchangev.&n.交流?acceptv.接受?mannern.方式；禮貌二、重點(diǎn)短語?crosscultures跨文化交流?shakehands握手?bowtosb.向某人鞠躬?givesb.ahug給某人一個擁抱?culturaldifferences文化差異?traditionalfestival傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日?bedifferentfrom與...不同?besimilarto與...相似?bepolitetosb.對某人有禮貌?showrespecttosb.對某人表示尊重?exchangeideas交流想法?acceptdifferentcultures接受不同文化?havebeento去過（某地）?learnabout了解?makefriendswith與...交朋友三、重點(diǎn)句型1.—HaveyoueverlearnedaboutChineseculture?—Yes,Ihave.2.—Whatarethegreetingcustomsinyourcountry?—Weshakehands.3.—InChina,peopleusuallyboworshakehandswhentheymeet.4.—Insomecountries,peoplehugorkisswhentheygreeteachother.5.—It'spolitetosayhellowhenyoumeetsomeone.6.—Culturaldifferencescancausemisunderstandings.7.—Weshouldrespectdifferentculturesandcustoms.8.—IhavebeeninterestedinforeignculturessinceIwasyoung.四、語法要點(diǎn)1.現(xiàn)在完成時（復(fù)習(xí)與鞏固）：have/has+過去分詞，表示已完成或經(jīng)驗(yàn)IhavelearnedaboutJapaneseculture.（我已經(jīng)了解了日本文化）Shehasvisitedmanyforeigncountries.（她去過很多國家）2.現(xiàn)在完成時+since/for：since+時間點(diǎn)：since2020,sinceIwasyoungfor+時間段：forthreeyears,foralongtime3.固定搭配與習(xí)慣用語：shakehands(withsb.)（與某人握手）bedifferentfrom（與...不同）besimilarto（與...相似）bepolitetosb.（對某人有禮貌）It's+adj.+todosth.（做某事是...的）4.should表建議（復(fù)習(xí)）：Weshouldrespectdifferentcultures.五、易錯點(diǎn)1.shakehands中hands用復(fù)數(shù)（兩只手），但實(shí)際是一只手2.manners（禮貌/禮儀）用復(fù)數(shù)形式表"禮貌行為"3.bedifferentfrom（不是bedifferentwith）4.foreigner是名詞（外國人），foreign是形容詞（外國的）5.since后接時間點(diǎn)，for后接時間段6.polite（禮貌的）→impolite（不禮貌的），注意加im-不是un-7.custom（習(xí)俗）vshabit（個人習(xí)慣），custom指群體習(xí)俗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

Unit7AGoodRead■話題：文學(xué)作品、閱讀習(xí)慣、過去完成時一、重點(diǎn)單詞?readn.好讀物v.讀?readern.讀者?bookn.書?noveln.小說?storyn.故事?charactern.角色；人物?authorn.作者?writern.作家?poemn.詩歌?poetn.詩人?chaptern.章節(jié)?pagen.頁?libraryn.圖書館?borrowv.借入?lendv.借出?returnv.歸還?finishv.完成?beginv.開始?writev.寫?describev.描述?interestingadj.有趣的?movingadj.感人的二、重點(diǎn)短語?agoodread一本好書/好讀物?borrow...from...從...借...?lend...to...把...借給...?returnthebook還書?finishreading讀完?beginwith以...開始?endwith以...結(jié)束?bythetime到...時候?beforedoingsth.在做某事之前?afterdoingsth.在做某事之后?writeabout寫關(guān)于?talkabout談?wù)?bebasedon基于?beinterestedin對...感興趣?apieceofwriting一篇作品三、重點(diǎn)句型1.—Whatbookhaveyoureadrecently?—I'vereadJourneytotheWest.2.—BythetimeIgottothelibrary,ithadclosed.3.—ShehadfinishedreadingthenovelbeforeIcamehome.4.—WhenIarrived,theyhadalreadystartedthediscussion.5.—Hadyoureadthebookbeforeyousawthemovie?—Yes,Ihad.6.—Iborrowedaninterestingnovelfromthelibraryyesterday.7.—Thestoryisaboutabraveyoungboy.8.—Canyoulendmeyourbook?—Sure,hereyouare.四、語法要點(diǎn)1.過去完成時had+過去分詞（核心語法）：表示在過去某個時間或動作之前已經(jīng)完成的動作即"過去的過去"ShehadfinishedthebookbeforeIcame.（在我來之前她已經(jīng)讀完了書）BythetimeIarrived,themoviehadstarted.（到我到達(dá)時電影已經(jīng)開始了）2.過去完成時的句式變化：否定句：hadnot(hadn't)+過去分詞疑問句：Had+主語+過去分詞?回答：Yes,主語+had./No,主語+hadn't.3.常與過去完成時搭配的時間狀語：bythetime+一般過去時（到...時候）before+一般過去時（在...之前）after+一般過去時（在...之后，主句用過去完成時）4.borrow與lend的區(qū)別：borrowsth.fromsb.（從某人處借入）lendsth.tosb.=lendsb.sth.（把某物借給某人）五、易錯點(diǎn)1.過去完成時必須有參照的過去時間，不能單獨(dú)使用2.had是助動詞，所有人稱都用had（不分was/were）3.borrow（借入）→borrowfrom；lend（借出）→lendto4.finish后接doing：finishreading（不是finishtoread）5.bythetime后接一般過去時，主句用過去完成時6.reader是名詞（讀者），read可作名詞指"好讀物"7.already用于肯定句，yet用于疑問句和否定句━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

Unit8MakingaDifference■話題：志愿者活動、奉獻(xiàn)社會、改變世界一、重點(diǎn)單詞?differencen.差異；影響?makeadifference產(chǎn)生影響?volunteern.志愿者v.自愿?helpv.&n.幫助?helpfuladj.有幫助的?homelessadj.無家可歸的?disabledadj.殘疾的?elderlyadj.年老的?communityn.社區(qū)?charityn.慈善?donatev.捐贈?raisev.籌集；舉起?supportv.&n.支持?carev.關(guān)心n.照顧?sharev.分享?encouragev.鼓勵?achievev.實(shí)現(xiàn)；達(dá)到?successn.成功?successfuladj.成功的?meaningfuladj.有意義的?proudadj.驕傲的?changev.&n.改變二、重點(diǎn)短語?makead