小學五年級下英語語法總結

英語時態語法（現在進行時，一般過去時，過去完成時，現在完成時，一般將來時）一．現在進行時：表示現在正在進行的動作構成：主語+be動詞+動詞的現在分詞+其他成分Wearehavinglunch.Heisreadingabook.Thedogisrunningafteracat.Theboysareswimmingacrosstheriver.★變疑問句將be動詞移動到句首Arewehavinglunch?Ishereadingabook?Isthedogrunningafteracat?Aretheboysswimmingacrosstheriver?★變否定句在be動詞后面加notWearenothavinglunch.Heisnotreadingabook.Thedogisnotrunningafteracat.Theboysareswimmingacrosstheriver.★特殊疑問句：what,which,how,where,who,etc疑問詞+動詞+主語+現在分詞Whatareyoudoing?Whatisshedoing?Whatisthedogdoing?沒有進行時的動詞（必背）表示狀態，思想，感情和感覺的動詞不能表示正在進行的動作表示感覺，感官的詞：see,hear,like,love,wanthave,has當”擁有”講時沒有進行時二．一般過去式：表示過去發生的動作或事件，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如yesterday,lastnight,thedaybeforeyesterday,3daysago構成：含有be動詞的句子，將動詞變為過去式，am,is的過去式為was，are的過去式為wereIwasatthebutcher’s.Youwereastudentayearago.Theteacherwasverybeautifultenyearsago.★變疑問句將be動詞移動到句首Wereyouatthebutcher’s?Wereyouastudentayearago?Wastheteacherverybeautifultenyearsago?★變否定句在be動詞后面加notIwasnotatthebutcher’s.Youwerenotastudentayearago.Theteacherwasnotverybeautifultenyearsago.★肯定回答/否定回答Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasnot.Yes,youwere./No,youwerenot.Yes,he/shewas./No,he/shewasnot.★特殊疑問句Whatdidyoudo?（必背）不含有be動詞的句子，將動詞變為過去式Ifinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.Theboywenttoarestaurant.TheSawyerslivedatKingStreetayearago.★變疑問句在句首加did,動詞變為原型Didyoufinishyourhomeworkyesterday?Didtheboygotoarestaurant?DidtheSawyersliveatKingStreetayearago?★變否定句在主語和動詞之間加didnotIdidnotfinishmyhomeworkyesterday.Theboydidnotgotoarestaurant.TheSawyersdidnotliveatKingStreetayearago.★肯定回答及否定回答Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’t.Yes,hedid.No,hedidn’t.Yes,theydid.No,theydidnot.三．過去完成時用法：在過去的時間里，兩個動作中，發生在前的那個動作要用過去完成時。結構：had+過去分詞Aftershehadfinishedherhomework,shewentshopping.TheyhadsoldthecarbeforeIaskedtheprice.ThetrainhadleftbeforeIarrivedatthestation.After/before引導的時間狀語從句放在句首要在句子后面加逗號，如果放在主句后則不用加。1.變疑問句：將助動詞移到句首Hadshefinishedherhomework?2.變否定句：在助動詞后面