凱瑟琳-安-波特簡介

KatherineAnnePorter(1890-1980)

王彥云：121140141023周美敬：121140141024CatalogueKatherineAnnePorter,bornin

IndianCreek,Texas,

wasthe

fourth

offivechildrenofherfamily.HerfamilytreecanbetracedbacktoAmericanfrontiersmanDanielBoone,andO.Henrywasherfather'ssecondcousin.——Thisisreallyawarm,comfortablehome,shegavepotterquietandpeacefulenvironment,potterwrotealotofbeautifulnovelsoffemalesthemeinthishouse。——Porter’shouse?"TheJiltingofGrannyWeatherall",《被遺棄的韋瑟羅爾奶奶》1930(Americanfilm,1980)?"TheGrave"《墳》,1934?"TheDownwardPathtoWisdom",1939?"TheLeaningTower"《斜塔》,1941——Porter‘sshortstories?"TheCircus"《馬戲團》,1944(Americanfilm,1990)?"TheFigTree",1960(Americanfilm,1987)——Porter’sfamousshortnovels?

PaleHorse,PaleRider《灰色馬，灰色騎手》,1939(BritishTV,1964)

?

ShipofFoolsPorter'sonlynovel——ShipofFools"ShipofFools"istheonlynovelofKatherineAnnPorter,aftereighteenyears‘silencestartlinglyambitious.Thebest-sellingnovelinAmericaatthatyearandbecameamajorfilmin1965,itssuccessfinallygaveherfinancialsecurity.Porterwonalargereadershipforthefirsttime.

Heressays●"TheNecessaryEnemy",1948●"TheFutureisNow",1950●"TheDaysBefore",1952●"TheNever-EndingWrong",1977●"TheCharmedLife",1942●"DavidHarrisonHTHS",1992Porter’sReputation●Americanessayist(散文家）,

shortstorywriter（短篇小說作家）,andjournalist,rememberedasoneofAmerica'sbestshort-storywriters.●TheLeaningTower

《斜塔》(1944),acollectionofstories,andwonanO.HenryAward（歐亨利獎）forher1962●Porter’sCollectedShortStories

(1965)wontheNationalBookAwardandthePulitzerPrizeforfiction●

1966—PulitzerPrize（普利策獎）forTheCollectedStories(1965)●

1967—(AmericanAcademyofArtsandLetters)●

ThreenominationsfortheNobelPrizeinLiterature（諾貝爾文學獎）1.awriteroftremendousclarity（嚴謹）.2.

createsthisuniquestyleandconstructsitintoremarkableobjectivepiecesfullofimagery(比喻）

andsymbolism

（象征）comparedtothatofFaulknerandHemingwayintheirstylisticbeauty3.focusesonthedarkersideofrealitybutusesherownsortofhumortolightenherwritings4.herworksareoftenfocusedinsuchSouthernlocationsasMexico,Texas,andtheSouthwestingeneral.5.usingstream-of-consciousness（意識流）WritingStyleTheme

BetrayalGodandReligionDeathBetrayalTheideaofbetrayalisacentralthemeunderlyingmanyofPorter’sstories.Attheheartof“TheJiltingofGrannyWeatherall”areGranny’smemoriesofherbetrayalbyGeorge,whoabandonedheratthealtarsomesixtyyearsearlier.GodandReligionManyreadershavesuggestedthattheultimatebetrayalofGrannyinvolvesGodandthatthestoryisprimarilyaportraitofawomanattheendofherlifefacingadevastatingspiritualcrisis.WhenFatherConnollycomestovisitGrannyWeatherallonherdeathbed,sheiscordialtohim.ItisstatedthatGranny“felteasyabouthersoul.”Yet,hisarrivalseemstotriggerGranny’smostvividandpainfulmemoriesofthedaysixtyyearsearlierwhenshewasleftbyherfiance.Death

GrannyWeatherallstrugglesagainstdeath,andthoughshelacksthestrengthtogetoutofbed,deniesevenbeingill.Thefinalimageinthestory—ofGrannyblowingoutacandle—evokesthenotionthatherlifeiscomingtoanend.Yet,thereisnosenseofclosuretoGranny’slife,nosensethattheconflictsraisedinhermemorieshavebeenresolved.Thefinalrealizationinthestoryisthat“therewasnobottomtodeath,shecouldn’tcometotheendofit.”What’sthestreamofconsciousness?

Streamofconsciousnesswritingisusuallyregardedasaspecialformofinteriormonologueandischaracterizedbyassociativeleapsinsyntaxandpunctuationthatcanmaketheprosedifficulttofollow,tracingacharacter’sfragmentary（斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的）thoughtsandsensory（感覺的）feelings.

Streamofconsciousnessischaracterizedbyaflowofthoughtsandimages,whichmaynotalwaysappeartohaveacoherentstructureorcohesion.Theplotlinemayweaveinandoutoftimeandplace,carryingthereaderthroughthelifespanofacharacterorfurtheralongatimelinetoincorporatethelives(andthoughts)ofcharactersfromothertimeperiods.Examplesofstreamofconsciousness

VirginiaWoolf's：TotheLighthouse(1927)JamesJoyce's：Ulysses(1918)WilliamFaulkner's：TheSoundandtheFury(1929)MarcelProust：InSearchofLostTime(àlarecherchedutempsperdu)1913–1927AnalysisofCharacterGrannyWeatherallRepeatedlydesertedBraveCharitable,capableGeneralKind,optimisticanddiligentStubborn

AnalysisofWeatherallGrannyWeatherall,acharacterintheworkofAmericanwriterKatherineAnnePorter,haslongbeenregardedbypreviousliterarycriticsasaweather-beatenwomanwhohasbeenrepeatedlydeserted.ThisthesisapproachesthefateofGrannyWeatherallfromanewangle,andrevealsanewwomanwhotriesto